中广网北京7月31日消息 据中国之声《全球华语广播网》报道，最近，一项职场调查显示，超过四成的毕业生在就业中遭遇了“超长”试用期，甚至在一些一年以下的劳动合同当中，有的实际试用期超过了6个月。

Wide network Beijing in July 31, according to Chinese news voice《The global Chinese radio network》report，recent，A duty field survey，More than forty percent of graduates in employment encountered“long”probation，And even in some less than a year of labor contract，Some actual the probation period more than six months。

　　在“转正”的压力下，这部分人就只能一边拿着低得多的试用期工资，另一边还得更加卖力地干活，一切都是为了谋个“好”的未来。

in“becomes”Under the pressure of，This part of the people can only one side with a much lower wages of the probation period，The other side is more work hard，Everything is in order to find a“good”future。

　　据了解，打这种“廉价劳动力”的主意的单位，民营企业占了不小的比例。而大部分人都是选择通过“忍气吞声”来期待企业的“良心发现”。

According to understand，Fight this“Cheap labor”The idea of the unit，The private enterprise occupied not small proportion。And most of them are by choice“went”To look forward to the enterprise“Conscience found”。

日本：延长试用期必须征得本人同意 Japan：I agree to extend the probation period must consent

　　在国外，这种“超长试用”的现象普遍吗？被“超长试用”的员工又是怎么应对的呢？我们先来看日本。

In foreign，this“Long trial”The norm？was“Long trial”Staff is how to deal with？We first see Japan。

　　《全球华语广播网》日本特约观察员黄学清：对于试用期的长短，日本的劳动基准法中没有明确的规定，一般是在3个月或6个月，最长也就是1年。而公务员的试用期规定为6个月以上，公立的学校、幼儿园的老师的试用期需要1年的时间。在日本找工作的经验之谈里会告诫人们不要选择试用期太长的公司，如果要延长试用期必须征得本人的同意。

《The global Chinese radio network》Japan HuangXueQing special observers：For the length of the probation period，Japan in the labor standards law no clear rules，It is to be in commonly 3 months and 6 months，The longest also is 1 year。And the rules for civil servants probation period for at least six months，Public school、The preschool teacher probation need to one year。In Japan looking for work experience will be warned people not to choose the probation period is too long，If want to extend the probation period must obtain the consent of the I。

　　和不断延长试用期相比，在日本，更多的是在试用期结束后不被正式录用。黄学清介绍说，日本有专门的法律制约这样的雇主。

And have extended the probation period compared，In Japan，More is in after the probation period will not be formal employ。HuangXueQing introduced said，The Japanese have a special law such employer。

　　黄学清：和不断延长试用期相比，在日本遇到的更多的会是在试用期结束时不被正式录用。遇到这种情况，倒是有明确的法规制约雇主。法律规定，只要工作了14个工作日以上就要按照解雇的程序办理，比如必须在解雇前30天通知本人，要支付30天以上的工资等等。如果没有理由而仅仅是因为试用期结束了就解雇员工，在法律上是不被认可的。

HuangXueQing：And have extended the probation period compared，In Japan the meet more will be at trial period ended without being formally employed。Faced this situation，There is a clear regulations restrict employers。law，As long as the work 14 working days in accordance with the above will be sacked procedure，For example in 30 days before the fire must inform me，More than 30 days to pay wages and so on。If no reason but simply because the probation period end is to fire workers，In the law is not acceptable。

　　从一些诉讼案例中可以看到这样一些原因可以作为不被录用的理由：出勤率不足90%、三次以上旷工、工作态度恶劣、受到批评仍不改正、简历不真实等等。因为试用期也是教育和指导员工的时期，即使出现了上述情况，突然就解雇员工也是不可以的。在日本，人们虽然法制观念比较强，但也有些雇主不遵守法规，所以遇到在试用期被解雇等情况时，员工也要据理力争，维护自己的合法权益。

From some litigation cases can see such a few reasons can not be employed as a reason：Attendance at less than 90%、Above 3 times absenteeism、Work bad attitudes、Criticism is not correct、Resume not true, and so on。Because the probation period is education and direct employees' time，Even the appearance of the situation，Suddenly fired employee is not possible。In Japan，People though the concept of legal system is stronger，But there are also some employers don't abide by laws and regulations，So trouble in the probation period be fired, etc，The staff should neither，Safeguard their legitimate rights and interests。

德国：试用期限不得超过6个月 Germany：Probation period shall not exceed six months

　　在德国工作的文木透露，德国规定的试用期限是不得超过6个月，她并没有听说过“超长试用”的情况。

In Germany the work WenMu disclosed，The provisions of the trial period is Germany may not exceed six months，She has not heard“Long trial”situation。

　　文木：德国法律规定，试用期最多是6个月。原来没有这个规定的时候，可能有的公司就会把这个试用期延长到一年，后来有了这个明文规定之后，所有的公司都按照6个月的时间来设定。很多原来是3个月的试用期，现在也延长到6个月了。而6个月之后公司不能再延长试用期，首先，德国的法律不允许；其次，如果这个公司比较大的话，它会有一个工会，就是德国公司如果要是员工十个人以上必须组成工会，这种情况下，员工就可以去找工会去投诉，所以在德国几乎不会出现6个月以上之后老板还要延长试用期的情况。

WenMu：German law，The probation period most is six months。This rule was without，Some company will may extend the probation to a year，Then with this expressly later，All companies according to the time of 6 months to set。A lot of it is 3 months of probation，Now also extend to 6 months。And six months after the company can't extend the probation period，first，German law does not permit；second，If the company is bigger words，It will have a trade union，Is Germany company if if ten men of staff above must trade union，This case，Employees can look for a trade union to complaints，So in Germany almost won't appear more than six months after the boss will extend the probation period。

　　在德国，试用期的工资并不比正式员工差多少，只是待遇略有不同。有意思的是，试用期过后，因为经济不景气，正式合同的期限往往大大缩水，于是，“一年期劳动合同”开始大行其道。

In Germany，The probation period than formal employee pay is how much difference，Just pay a little different。Interesting is，After the probation period，The sluggish economy，The term of a contract formally often greatly shrink，so，“The one-year contract”Began to be popular。

　　文木：时间非常短，比如说我以前有个朋友住在柏林的，他在科隆找了一份工作，但是他合同就是一年的。结果他试用期试半年，又在公司呆了一年之后，老板说我们这个项目停了，我就不需要你了。这个朋友很郁闷，只好重新找工作。

WenMu：Time is very short，For example I used to have a friend living in Berlin，He in cologne found a job，But he is one year contract。The results he probation try for half a year，And in the company spent a year later，The boss said that we stop the project，I don't need you。This friend is very unhappy，Had to find work again。

澳大利亚：试用期需支付养老金等 Australia：The probation period to pay pensions, etc

　　在澳大利亚，政府对试用期的规定又是怎样的呢？

In Australia，Government to the provisions of the probation period what kind of？

　　《全球华语广播网》澳大利亚特约观察员胡方：澳大利亚的专业工作通常会有3个月到半年的试用期，在试用期期间，公司同样需要支付员工养老金，预交个人所得税以及满足澳大利亚最低的时薪要求，也就是限时一小时要求支付工资15.51元，大约等于100元人民币。一般在试用合同和正式聘用合同上，薪酬变化并不是特别大，区别往往只是增加了年假、病假等正式的员工福利，以及将合同期限拉长为一年或者一年以上。

《The global Chinese radio network》Australia HuFang special observers：Australia's professional work usually there will be 3 months to half a year's probation，In the trial period，Companies also need to pay the employee pensions，Pay individual income tax and meet the minimum requirements of Australia paid，Within an hour is required to pay wages 15.51 yuan，Equivalent to about 100 yuan RMB。General in the trial and the formal contract employment contract，Salary change is not particularly big，Often the difference is to increase annual leave、Sick leave formal employee benefits，And will contract deadline spin for a year or more than one year。

　　不过，在澳洲，并非所有的单位都严格遵守这样的规定，以新移民为主的单位是破坏规则的“重灾区”。

but，In Australia，Not all of the units are strictly abide by these rules，New immigrants mainly units are broke the rules“hard-hit”。

　　胡方：例如亚洲餐馆、亚洲超市或者是进出口贸易公司等，因为这样的公司老板往往会招收刚刚毕业的国际留学生，并且和他们签定免费的试用合同。其实这样的合同完全可以去公平交易处进行投诉，但是由于国际留学生并不熟悉澳大利亚的法律，所以往往会吃亏忍让。比较有趣的一个现象是，有一些单位会逆向思维，对临时工或者试用工反而提供比正式长期的员工更高的时薪，因为这些公司认为，临时工或者试用工没有年假、病假等员工福利，而所付出的劳动和正式劳工是一样多的，所以理应获得更多的报酬。

HuFang：For example the Asian restaurant、Asian supermarket or import and export trade company，Because of this company boss often can recruit graduate from college of international students，And they signed a free trial and the contract。In fact the contract can go to fair trade place and complain，But because the international students are not familiar with the laws of Australia，So often will suffer yielding。More interesting is a phenomenon，There are some units will reverse thinking，For casual or try to provide employment than formal long-term instead of higher paid employees，Because these companies think，Temporary or try labor no annual leave、Sick leave other employee welfare，And labours and formal labor is as much，So should get more pay。