开学临近，揭秘新生分班“潜规则” Near the，Revelation new divide into classes“Latent rules”

　　

据本报记者调查，幼儿园小学分班多依年龄性别，中学分班则是成绩比关系“硬” According to our reporter investigation，In kindergarten and elementary school more than divide into classes in accordance with the age sex，Middle school placement is the achievement ratio relation“hard”

　　虽然还有半个月才正式开学，但是对于很多新生家长来说，已经在到处打听“分班行情”，甚至到处托关系，想尽可能照顾到一个“好班”去。记者调查获悉，其实从幼儿园到高中，各个年龄段的新生分班都各有自己的“规则”，有些规则也是“不能为外人道也”。那么，究竟学校分班有哪些门道？家长该如何看待分班？对于特殊要求学校又是如何“照顾”的？扬子晚报记者进行了一次深入的调查。

Although there are half a month to officially start，But for many for new parents，Have been in ask around“Divide into classes market”，Even Joe relationship everywhere，Try to be take care of to a“Good class”to。Reporters learned that investigation，In fact from kindergarten to high school，Of all ages new divide into classes each have their own“rules”，Some of the rules is“Not to the humanitarian also”。so，After all school placement what gate？The parents how to treat divide into classes？For special requirements school how“care”of？Yangzi evening news reporter conducted an in-depth investigation。

　　

幼儿园分班 Kindergarten divide into classes

　　

依据孩子性别和出生季度 According to gender and children born quarter

　　“我们幼儿园让家长自己选班已经第九年了，实际上，真让家长选了，很多家长倒不会选了，因为我们幼儿园在每个班的师资配备上是遵循均衡原则的。”特级教师、南京鼓楼幼儿园崔利玲园长告诉记者，幼儿园在分班问题上一般来说，有两个基本的分班原则：第一，男女均衡；第二、年龄均衡：幼儿园会习惯性将新入园的孩子分成4个季度的，即从9月份到来年的8月份，每3个月为一段，一共4段。老师会把每个孩子的年龄整理出来，按照季度分段落平均分下去。崔园长说，今年幼儿园的新生大概有250个左右的孩子，最后选班的家长有60%，剩下40%的家长最终选择听从幼儿园的分配。“分班由家长自由选择的前提是各个班的老师比较均衡，我们幼儿园是先分配好老师，遵循年龄互补、经验互补、能力互补、特长互补的四大原则。比如这个班班主任特别好，很有经验，那么搭配的副手往往会有新老师；比如那个班也许班主任没有这个班班主任的能力那么突出，但是副手也会配有经验的。”

“We kindergarten let parents choose their own class already 9 years，In fact，It really let parents chose，Many parents but not chose，Because we kindergarten teachers in each class with the is to follow the principle of equilibrium。”Superfine teacher、Nanjing gulou kindergarten CuiLiLing the principal told reporters，Kindergarten in divide into classes problem in general，There are two basic principles of divide into classes：The first，Men and women equilibrium；The second、Age equilibrium：The kindergarten will habitual will new into the garden children into four quarter，That is, from September coming years of August，Every 3 months for a period of，A total of four period of。The teachers will take each child's age sorted out，According to the quarter section average fell down。Cui said moreover，This year the new kindergarten about 250 or so children，Finally choose class parents have 60%，Only 40% of the parents to the distribution of the final choice of the kindergarten。“Divide into classes by parents free choice is the premise of each class teacher is balanced，We first distribution kindergarten is a good teacher，Follow age complementary、Experience complementary、Ability complementary、Specialty complementary four principles。Such as the BanBan director is very good，Very experienced，So tie-in deputy tend to have a new teacher；Such as the class may the teacher in charge not the BanBan director's ability so outstanding，But deputy will also equipped with experience。”

　　不过记者在调查中发现，大多数幼儿园的分班还是幼儿园说了算。一位不愿透露姓名的园长告诉记者，一般来说，如果幼儿园本身就是办学层次比较高的公办园，老师都是有编制的老师，那么班级老师的基本水平是不用担心的。“另外，孩子在入园之前会和老师见面，孩子的基本性格和能力，会有一个评价指标，在分班的时候会考虑到孩子的个性和能力。”

But reporters found in the survey，Most of the kindergarten divide into classes or kindergartens have the final say。One does not wish to disclose the name of the principal told reporters，Generally speaking，If the kindergarten itself is education level higher public garden，The teacher is a compilation of the teacher，So the class the teacher's basic level is not to worry about。“In addition，Children in the garden before meet and teachers，The child's basic character and ability，There will be a evaluation index，In the divide into classes will consider the child's personality and ability。”

　　

小学分班 Elementary school divide into classes

　　

主要依据性别和面试情况 Mainly based on gender and interview

　　“孩子今年上小学，我好不容易托人择上了一所知名小学，现在要开学了，马上面临着分班，真是急人，小学和幼儿园可不一样，碰上好老师很关键。”家住玄武区的张女士焦急地表示。“小学是义务教育阶段，从学校层面上来说，是不会搞什么快慢班的。学校在分班时要让班级组合有均衡的差异，才有利于教育教学。小学一年级新生分班原理主要有两个：一是性别，每个班级要男女均衡；第二是个体能力。在新生面试的时候，面试老师会对每个小朋友有个综合性的意向性评价，根据孩子的行为、习惯、个性，有个宽泛的打分。”南京一位知名小学的校长告诉记者，这个分数是老师根据短暂的会面打的，不一定准确，所以并不公布，但是在分班时做参考还是有一定价值的。打个比方说，如果10分是最好的，学校会把10分的孩子比较平均分到每个班，当然，5分的孩子也会平均分配到每个班。“班级师资都是以班主任为核心，搭建配班老师。一年级最重要的是语文和数学老师的搭配，学校会考虑到新老搭配、性格搭配、专业能力搭配等因素。孩子分配到各个班后，我们会将每个班随机编号，再由班主任老师抽签。”

“This year in elementary school children，I am very not easy to choose the subject on a well-known primary school，Now to the school，Immediately faces divide into classes，Is really nasty people，Elementary school and kindergarten isn't the same thing，With good teachers is the key。”Live in the xuanwu borough ms. Zhang said anxiously。“Primary school is compulsory education stage，For from the school level，Is not what KuaiManBan。Schools in the divide into classes to make class combination have balanced differences，Education is beneficial to teaching。Primary school a freshman to divide into classes principle mainly has two：One is the gender，Each class to men and women equilibrium；The second is the individual ability。In new the interview，Interview the teacher will be for each child have a comprehensive evaluation of intentionality，According to the child's behavior、habit、personality，There is a broad marking。”Nanjing a well-known primary school headmaster told reporters，The score is a teacher according to brief meeting dozen，Not necessarily accurate，So do not identify，But when in divide into classes do still have certain reference value。For example said，If 10 points is the best，The school will take 10 points compared to the average child in every class，Of course，Five points children will also mean assigned to each class。“Class teachers are the teacher in charge as the core，Build match class teacher。A year is the most important Chinese and mathematics teacher collocation，The school will consider new and old collocation、Character collocation、Professional ability factors such as collocation。Children assigned to each work，We will each class random Numbers，Again by teacher in charge teacher draw。”

　　“双胞胎要看需求，有的家长会要求放在一个班，便于接送和辅导，但也有的家长要求不放在一个班。一般来说，没有特殊要求，我们会把双胞胎分到不同的班级，因为双胞胎之间往往会有联动反应，分开来利于教育教学。”特级教师、金陵中学河西分校小学部校长杨新富告诉记者。

“The twins to see demand，Some parents' meeting requirements in a class，Easy to transport and guidance，But some parents asked not to be placed in a class。Generally speaking，No special requirements，We will put the twins to different classes，Because between twins often can have a linkage reaction，Separately for the education teaching。”Superfine teacher、Jinling middle school, hexi the headmaster of the YangXinFu told reporters。

　　

初中分班 Junior high school class

　　

依签约承诺、考试和素质报告而定 In accordance with the contract commitment、Test and quality report and decide

　　“暑期接到通知，要孩子去参加一个什么机构的竞赛考试，后来才知道就是分班考。”家住白下区的家长王先生告诉记者，儿子今年小升初，最后择校到了一所民办学校就读，对于分班问题，学校之前也没有承诺，没想到最后还是考试说了算。不过新学校一直对分班按兵不动，家住鼓楼的秦女士却更是如坐针毡。“之前择校的时候学校说会把孩子放在一个合适的班，但是现在究竟怎么分谁也不知道。”

“Summer have notice，To children to attend a what mechanism of competition test，Afterwards just know is divide into classes exam。”Live in BaiXiaOu parents Mr Wang told reporters，Another son this year，Finally in a school of run by the local people to school，To divide into classes problem，Before the school also no promises，Didn't expect finally exam have the final say。But the new school has always been to divide into classes take no action，The lady in the drum the qin dynasty but also on pins and needles。“Before the school when the school said it would take the children on an appropriate class，But now what points who also don't know。”

　　据了解，初中属于义务教育阶段，是不允许设立快慢班的。对于这个硬规定，学校不敢明目张胆地违背，但多采取暗箱操作。记者调查获悉，目前初中校实际上多数会有实验班和普通班之分，但是具体如何分班方式多样。

It is understood，Junior high school belongs to the obligation education stage，Is not to allow the establishment of KuaiManBan。To the hard rules，The school can't blatant violation，But many take black case work。Reporters learned that investigation，The junior middle school school in fact most will have experimental class and regular class of the points，But specific how to divide into classes various way。

　　一般来说，主要有以下几种方法：第一、签约法。即在新生招生阶段，作为笼络优秀生源的一种方法，即承诺学生择校后能够分到学校的好班；第二、考试法。小升初是不允许考试的，所以学校在考试时都会借用各种名义，比如依托外面的培训机构，或者是参加什么活动，最后根据考试的成绩来进行分班；第三、参照法。对于学校办学规范性要求比较严格的区域，学校不敢考试，但是不少校长会从办学角度出发，在分班上还是有“重点”的考虑。在没有考试的情况下，学校会研究学生的素质报告书，进行分班；第四、平行分班，也有一些初中是遵循平行分班的原则。

Generally speaking，Mainly has the following several ways：The first、Signing method。Namely in the new stage of recruit students，Excellent students as bosses a method，Namely commitment students after school can be assigned to the school class；The second、Test method。Another of the exam is not allowed，So the school in the exam will use all kinds of name，Such as relying on the outside training institutions，Or what is going to take part in the activities，Finally, according to the result of the examination to divide into classes；The third、Reference method。For school normative demand is strict area，The school can't test，But a lot of the headmaster will from the Angle，In the class there are still“key”consideration。Under the condition of without examination，The school will study the student's quality report，Are assessed；The fourth、Parallel divide into classes，There are also some junior high school is to follow the principle of parallel divide into classes。

　　

高中分班 High school divide into classes

　　

以中考成绩和分班考试为主要依据 To tests the result and the placement test for main basis

　　“刚刚参加了学校的分班考试，不过这个分数据说只占50%，另外50%是中考成绩，最后按照相加总分进行分班。”刚刚考进金陵中学河西分校的小张同学告诉记者。

“Just took part in the school the placement test，But the score it is said that only 50%，Another 50% is mid-term exam achievement，Finally, in accordance with the additive total score are assessed。”Just pass into jinling middle school students of hexi branch of zhang told reporters。

　　据了解，中考为高中新生分班“把了一道关”。一般来说，高中校分班有以下几种方式：1、按照中考成绩进行“蛇形”分班，即按照蛇形从第一名到最后一名按照班级数顺序分配。这样循环进行，使得每个班学生的平均分几乎相同；2、进行分班考试，按照此成绩或者结合中考成绩分班；3、按照中考签约时的承诺分班。即考前承诺中考达到多少分能进强化班或者实验班的，学校一般会兑现。

It is understood，Tests for high school freshman divide into classes“Take a close”。Generally speaking，High school divide into classes have the following several ways：1、According to the tests result“serpentine”Divide into classes，In accordance with the serpentine is from the first to the last name, in accordance with the class number sequence distribution。This cycle are，Make each class students scored an average of almost the same；2、For the placement test，According to this result or combined with tests the result to divide into classes；3、According to the tests of the time of the conclusion of the commitment to divide into classes。That commitment to before examination of how many points can into intensive training class or experimental class，Schools usually cash。

　　“按成绩这样分班后，还会考虑男女生比例。如果某个班的男女生比例悬殊，就在几个班之间调换考试成绩在一个水平线上的男女生。”一位高中年级组长表示。

“According to the results this after divide into classes，Will also consider male-female student ratio。If a class of the men and women living polarization of proportion，In a few class exchange between test scores in a level of the men and women living。”A high school grade group leader said。

　　

链接 link

　　

沈阳新学期实行“阳光分班” Shenyang new semester practice“Sunshine divide into classes”

　　今年秋季入学的一年级、初一和高一新生不用再找人给自己挑个“好班”、找个“好班主任”了。沈阳市教育局下发通知，为促进教育均衡发展，今年起沈阳市小学、初中学校起始年级新生实施“阳光分班”，先各自将学生分班，班主任、老师分组，然后由班主任当众抽取班级。在高中实行“均衡编班”，分完班级后，由班级抽签决定班主任人选。

This year a grade of admission in the fall、First and a freshman need not get someone to pick their own a“Good class”、Find a“A good teacher in charge”the。Shenyang bureau issued a notice，To promote the education balanced development，This year shenyang primary school、The junior middle school starting freshman to implement“Sunshine divide into classes”，Each student will first placement，Teacher in charge、The teacher group，Then the teacher in charge in public extraction class。In high school the“Equilibrium knitting class”，Points out after class，The class ballot for the teacher in charge。

　　

“潜规则”揭秘 “Latent rules”revelation

　　

有的“打招呼”只是心理安慰 有的需求能满足但没有绝对的好 some“Say "hello"”Just psychological comfort some demand can meet but there is no absolute good

　　在采访中，一些常年负责此项工作的老师向记者透露，学校分班时确实也有“特殊门路”的学生家长提出“希望”孩子能到一个“好班”。一般来说，所谓的好班就是这个班配备的任课教师业务素质更高一些，或者这个班的学生素质会总体高一些。那么，“求分班”的家长们，究竟有多少“招呼”是有效的？

In the interview，Some perennial is responsible for the work of the teacher said to the reporter，When school divide into classes do have“Special opportunities”The students parents put forward“hope”Children can come to a“Good class”。Generally speaking，The so-called good class is equipped with the class teachers professional quality higher some，Or the class of students' quality will overall high some。so，“For divide into classes”parents，How many“called”Is effective？

　　幼儿园：“说实话，对师资力量不强的幼儿园，老师之间的差异还是存在的。”采访中，一位幼儿园园长告诉记者，现在不少幼儿园里的老师是外聘的，老师的水平也存在差异。这位园长悄悄告诉记者，对于通过各种关系要求分班照顾的，幼儿园也会特殊考虑。“不过说句实话，家长在提分班要求时还是要考虑到孩子的个性。如果原来的家庭教养方式是那种过分保护型的，那么要选择有爱心的老师；如果原来就是散养型的，其实根本不要过多去考虑分班，这种孩子的社会适应性是很强的。而对于早产儿或者过敏性体质的孩子，家长其实更该关注的是保育员的水平。”

kindergarten：“To tell you the truth，For teachers strength is not strong kindergarten，The difference between the teacher still exists。”interview，A kindergarten the principal told reporters，Now a lot of kindergarten teacher is the external，The teacher's level is different。The the principal quietly told reporters，For through the various relationship requires divide into classes of care，The kindergarten will also special consideration。“But to tell you the truth，Parents ask divide into classes or when required to consider to the child's personality。If the original way of family nurture is that excessive protection type，So want to choose caring teacher；If the original is keeping free-roaming type，But it don't too much to consider divide into classes，The children's social adaptability is strong。For premature or allergic constitution children，Parents actually more this concern is the level of nurse。”

　　小学：“每年都有各种各样的关系来打招呼，希望分班的时候能给孩子照顾，但说实话，这种照顾往往也只是一种心理安慰，没有多少意义。”采访中，一位名小校长直言不讳地告诉记者，就连自己学校的副校长给女儿选班都无从下手，因为她自己是教语文的，最后也就选了个数学老师比较强的班。“很多家长想‘选小门’，其实选也未必就讨了便宜。一是学校本来就会考虑师资搭配，不会搭出来强强班或者弱弱班；二是小学有6年，在不同年段还会根据情况换师资，所以所谓的照顾最多也就是根据家长的偏好去满足一下，不存在绝对的好。”

Elementary school：“Every year there are all kinds of relationship to say "hello"，Hope can divide into classes to take care of children，But to tell you the truth，This kind of care is just a kind of psychological comfort，Not much meaning。”interview，A young President call a spade a spade to tell reporter，Even the school's vice-principal gave his daughter choose class all do not know how to start，Because she is to teach Chinese，Finally, choose a mathematics teacher is strong class。“Many parents want to‘Choose wicket’，Actually does not necessarily please choose the cheap。One is the school was will consider teachers collocation，Don't take out powerful class or weak weak class；The second is 6 years of primary school，In different years section will change according to the circumstances of teachers，So the so-called care at most is also according to the parents' preference to meet it，There is not absolute good。”

　　初中：记者在采访中发现，在分班这个问题上，到了初中开始，“关系”就没有“实力”有底气了。“到了初中，所谓的选好班倒不一定是在于这个班的老师好到哪里去，而是这个好班里的生源质量总体比较好，也就意味着班级风气会比较好。”采访中，一位不愿透露姓名的初中校长告诉记者，从这个角度出发，能不能在好班还是有差别的。“不过到了初中，所谓的照顾要难办很多。学校办学有自己的底线，一旦在分班问题上‘开口子’，学校根本没法按照自己的想法来进行分层教学。所以‘照顾’也只是在这个孩子的所属层次里，选个班主任比较负责或强势科目多一些的班级。”

Junior high school：Reporter in the interview found，In the divide into classes this problem，The junior high school began to，“relationship”There is no“strength”Is the mood。“By junior high，The so-called choose good shifts is not necessarily the class teacher is good where to go，But the good class students overall quality is better，It means that the class atmosphere will be better。”interview，One does not wish to disclose the name of the junior high school principal told reporters，Proceeding from this Angle，Can you on the good class or discriminating。“But in the junior high school，The so-called care to difficult many。School have their own bottom line，Once the placement problem‘burst’，School couldn't according to their own ideas for stratified teaching。so‘care’Only in the child's belongs in the hierarchy，Choose a class teacher is responsible for or strong subjects more class。”

　　高中：记者从一些热点高中了解到，到了高中阶段，对于“好班”的把关各校都非常严格，进校可能找找人可以进，但进“好班”必须凭成绩说话。一所高中的招生负责人告诉记者，就是校长的孩子分班考试没考好，都进不了好班。“高中面临高考检验，保证生源是关键。”(记者 王 璟)

High school：Reporters from some hot high school to know，The high school stage，for“Good class”The control of the schools are very strict，The school may find one can enter，But in“Good class”Must speak by scores。A high school admissions officers told reporters，Is the headmaster's children divide into classes the examination didn't test good，Enter into a good class。“Facing high school college entrance examination test，Ensure that students is the key。”(Reporter Jing king)