就近上学为何这么难？ Nearby school why so difficult?

　　

部分省区市小学开学见闻 The part between provincial primary school knowledge

　　9月3日，全国各地中小学纷纷开学。然而，记者在内蒙古、江苏、上海等地走访发现，在农村，由于学校被撤并，一些孩子上学要赶几十公里路程；在城市，一些家长为了孩子能上名校，也是不辞劳苦、长途跋涉。

September 3,The primary and secondary schools across the country in succession.however,Reporter in the Inner Mongolia/jiangsu/Shanghai visit found,In the countryside,Due to the schools are merging,Some of the children go to school to catch a few tens of kilometers distance;In the city,Some parents for the children to go to school,Also take the trouble to/trudge.

　　国务院常务会议日前重申，保障适龄儿童少年就近入学是政府的法定责任，要求村校撤并听取家长意见，务必保障儿童就近入学。

The state council executive meeting has reiterated,To guarantee school-age children came near to the entrance is the government's legal liability,CunJiao requirements should listen to the Suggestions of parents,Be sure to guarantee children came near to the entrance.

　　新学期开始了，孩子就近上学还有不少困难，如何办好家门口的学校方便孩子就学，成为家长们的期盼。

The new term begins,The child to go to school near there are still quite a few difficulties,How to well run home school children learn convenient,Become parents expectations.

　　

村小变成羊圈，皆因生源减少？ School become the pen,For all students to reduce?

　　走进呼和浩特市托克托县新营子镇张全营村小学，四排校舍20间教室的门窗大多已经破碎，教室里传出的不是学生琅琅读书声，而是此起彼伏的羊叫。几年前，这个村小因“撤点并校”被闲置，今年3月，村委会把校舍租给村民养羊。

Into the Hohhot TuoKeTuo county new camp son town ZhangQuanYing village elementary school,Four row schoolhouse 20 classrooms most doors and Windows have already broken,The classroom is not the students out loud work,But one of the crying of sheep.A few years ago,This school because"From point BingJiao"Be idle,In march this year,The village school buildings to the villagers goats.

　　“这块地方如果给村民办成其他文化设施还说得过去，本是书香味的地方却变成臭烘烘的羊圈，太让人生气了。”今年61岁的退休老师李俊义说，村小有近40年的历史，最初建校时有六七百人，前几年搞集中办学，说撤就撤了。现在全村2000多人，连个幼儿园都没有。

"This place if to the villagers into other cultural facilities also said to the past,This is a book fragrance places but become smelly sheepfold,So angry."This year 61 - year - old retired teacher LiJunYi said,School has nearly 40 years of history,First is established 6700 people,Before a few years make centralized education,Said it retreated from.Now the village more than 2000 people,Even a kindergarten all have no.

　　上世纪90年代开始，为整合农村教育资源，我国农村地区开始大规模“撤点并校”。十几年间，全国减少小学37万多所，其中农村小学减少超过30万所。

The 1990 s,In order to integrate the rural education resources,In rural areas began to mass"From point BingJiao".More than ten years,The national reduce primary school more than 370000,The rural primary school reduce more than 300000.

　　记者在内蒙古走访发现，有的小学成了工厂，还有的被开发成酒店。在内蒙古西部某县城的一所中学，崭新的教学楼空荡荡的，小操场成了集市，不远处“情人专场”的帐篷外，宣传图画上的女模穿着暴露。

Reporters visited found in Inner Mongolia,Some primary school became factory,And being developed into the hotel.In the region of west Inner Mongolia a county town of a middle school,The new teaching building empty,Small playground became fair,nearby"Special valentine"Tents outside,Publicity pictures on the NvMo wearing exposure.

　　国家对农牧民子女实行免费义务教育。记者在内蒙古采访发现，一些学校撤并后，有的新学校在50多公里外，交通成本急剧增加。如果家长跟着陪读，各项开支大大抵消原有的优惠政策，教育开支再次成为不少农村家长的头等负担。

The state a free compulsory education agriculture herdsman children.Reporter interviews found in Inner Mongolia,Some schools after the merger,Some new schools in more than 50 km away,Traffic cost has increased dramatically.If parents or relatives can apply followed,All the expenses greatly offset the original preferential policies,Education expenditure has once again become a lot of rural parents first burden.

　　专职的陪读妈妈石永红告诉记者，原来村小学就在家门口，撤并后学校远了，孩子太小放心不下只好陪读。儿子4岁上幼儿园开始她就陪着孩子到县城上学，已有7个年头。“丈夫在外跑车赚的两万来块钱几乎都用在全家人每年在城里的房租、吃喝等各项开支上。”

Full-time or relatives can apply for mother ShiYongGong told reporters,The original village elementary school on his doorstep,After the merger of the school on the way,The child is too small or relatives can apply to feel secure.Son 4 years old in kindergarten began to she accompany the child to the county to go to school,More than seven years."Her husband out of the twenty thousand sports car earn $to almost every year in the whole family in the city's rent/Spending on the eating and drinking."

　　除了增加费用，远距离上学还增加了安全风险。张全营村68岁的村民刘效悦告诉记者，村里小娃娃们每天早上都要挤两辆校车上学，“村里年轻人都外出打工，留下一些老人负责看孩子，他们每天都在担心，生怕出点事。”

In addition to increase the cost,Distance to school will also increase the safety risk.ZhangQuanYing village 68 - year - old villagers LiuXiaoYue told reporters,The village the doll every morning crowded two school bus to school,"Young people in the village are working out,Leave some old people responsible for the children,Every day they are worried about,Fear out something."

　　

校际师资不均，无奈舍近求远 Intercollegiate uneven teachers,Helpless to cooperate

　　新学期开学了，南京家长秦泰荣开始为每天两小时接送儿子上学、放学而发愁。秦先生告诉记者，儿子今年上一年级，原本想上家门口的一所名牌小学，无奈几番努力都没能报上名。后来，在一个朋友的帮助下择校上了一所离家很远的名牌小学。“以后每天要来回折腾两个多小时，都是择校闹的！”

The new semester,Nanjing parents QinTaiRong start for two hours every day shuttle son to go to school/Stumped about school.Mr Qin told reporters,The son is in the first grade this year,Originally want to go to the door to a famous primary school,But a few "efforts can't name in the newspaper.later,In a friend's help on a school far from home famous brand elementary school."A day after back and forth over more than two hours,Is the school make!"

　　记者调查发现，在南京、上海等城市，校际教育资源的差异明显，催生了年复一年的择校热。为了追逐优质教育资源，不少家长宁可放弃家门口的公办学校，不惜让孩子长途跋涉，一些热点民办学校成为使用校车的“大户”。

Reporter survey found,In nanjing/Shanghai and other cities,School education resource have significant difference,Led to the year in school of heat.In order to pursue high quality education resources,Many parents would rather give up door of public school,Let the children at a long journey,Some hot spots of school of run by the local people become use the school bus"leader".

　　上海新普陀小学六(2)班学生家长顾娅告诉记者，孩子每天从家往返到学校都要花一个多小时。“有时天还没亮就要出门，看到孩子站在公交车上靠着柱子也能睡着，真心疼。但是想到能接受好的教育，又觉得值得。”

Shanghai new putuo elementary school six(2)Class parents GuYa told reporters,Children from home to school every day and spends more than one hour."Sometimes the day did not have brightly will go out,See the child stood on the bus by pillars also can fall asleep,True love.But think of can receive good education,And think it is worthwhile."

　　江苏退休教师陈建中说，近年来，各地通过教师流动、招生改革等方式促进教育均衡，有一定效果。但和社会期待相比，还不能从根本上扭转教育资源的不均衡。

Jiangsu retired teacher ChenJianZhong said,In recent years,All through the teacher flow/Recruit students reform to promote education balanced way,Have certain effect.But the social expectation and compared,Can not fundamentally torsional education resources is not balanced.

　　在一些大中城市，外来务工人员子女入学，也是一个难题。临近开学，在呼和浩特市打工的刘国华很是头疼。“就近上学简直是奢求！”刘国华告诉记者，他们这几年总是在孩子能进入的学校附近打工租房子，可是能进入的学校多半是高收费的民办学校。

In some large and medium-sized cities,Migrant workers their children to school,Is also a problem.Near the,In Hohhot LiuGuoHua work is a headache."To go to school near it is crave!"LiuGuoHua told reporters,They are always in a few years this child can enter the school work to rent a house nearby,But can enter the school are mostly high charge of school of run by the local people.

　　上海市浦东新区紫罗兰小学校长陈国华表示，外来务工人员随迁子女与本市居民子女集聚，加重了城郊结合部教育资源的紧缺。此外，社会劳动力使用和工作模式发生变化，劳动密集型产业较多，家长没空接送孩子，催生校车需求。

Shanghai pudong new area violet primary school principals ChenGuoHua said,Migrant workers SuiQian children and city residents children gather,Increased suburban taking education resources in short supply.In addition,Social Labour to use and work mode change,Labor-intensive industries more,Parents won't be free shuttle children,Demand expedites the school bus.

　　

实现就近上学，办好家门口的学校 Realize nearby school,Do good home school

　　上学“舍近求远”现象突出反映当前教育发展的不均衡，有关部门应该提高学校布局的均衡性和科学性，方便孩子们就近上学。

school"To cooperate"Outstanding phenomenon reflects the current imbalance of the development of the education,The relevant departments should improve school layout balance and scientific,Easy to child came near to the school.

　　“自古以来，我国儿童皆就近认字读书，当就近上学不能满足需求时才外出游学，过去草原上的马背小学，不是照样可以教育孩子？”内蒙古社会科学院社会学研究所所长苏浩认为，就近上学本不难，问题出在对政策的理解和执行的偏差。

"Since the ancient times,Children in our country are near to read reading,When nearby school can't meet demand to travel out,The past grassland horseback elementary school,Not so children can education?"Inner Mongolia academy of social sciences institute of sociology SuHao think,This is not difficult to go to school near,The problem of the policy in the understanding and the execution of deviation.

　　苏浩指出，一段时间以来，一些地方的小学校说撤就撤，导致一些家门口的学校弃置或改做他用。

SuHao pointed out that,A period of time,Some local school said removed from it,Cause some home school dumping or change to do him.

　　“教育要按规律办，不符合实际的作法要纠正。”南京师范大学教科院副教授殷飞认为，很多被撤掉的农村小学，基本条件具备、当地群体需要，荒废和滥用是极大的浪费。当前，有必要按照国务院的要求，对已经撤并的学校或教学点，进行重新规划，按程序予以恢复。

"Education according to law to do,Does not conform to the actual practice to correct."Nanjing normal university to teach science college associate professor YanFei think,A lot of be pulled rural primary school,Basic conditions have/The local groups need to,Waste and abuse is a great waste.The current,It is necessary to according to the requirements of the state council,To have merging schools or teaching school,Again planning,According to the program to restore.

　　“恢复就近入学还要加强对公办学校的投入，实现中心城区教育资源均衡发展，办好百姓家门口的学校。”全国班主任工作学术委员会委员、上海市静安区教育学院高级教师陆少明说。

"Recovery came near to the entrance and to strengthen the investment of public school,To realize the urban center area education resource balanced development,Do good people home school."The teacher in charge work academic committee/Shanghai education college senior teacher lu body less speaking plainly.

　　上海市静安区教育学会会长徐承博认为，在校际办学水平差距客观存在的情况下，应建立健全学校办学硬软件设施均衡配置，加大优秀校长、教师轮岗力度；同时，还应科学引导家长的择校需求。“对于不同学业基础、兴趣爱好、发展倾向的学生来说，好学校的标准是不相同的。要让更多的家长认识到适合自己孩子的学校才是好学校。”(采写记者张丽娜、凌军辉、仇逸)

Shanghai body education association XuChengBo think,In the intercollegiate managerial level gap under the condition of the objective existence,Shall establish perfect school hardware and software facilities equilibrium configuration,Increasing outstanding principal/Teachers work shift strength;At the same time,Still should scientifically guiding parents demand school."For different academic foundation/interest/The tendency of the development of students,Good school standard is not the same.To let more parents realize that suits your child's school is a good school."(Article ZhangLiNa reporters/LingJunHui/QiuYi)