曾有人说，作家的一生，必然是复杂的一生。莫言就是如此：苦难而孤独的童年，成就了他的写作背景，敏锐幽默而又疏离感十足的观察，让他拥有了打动诺贝尔文学奖评委的写作风格。多样莫言，终成中国文坛问鼎诺奖的第一人。

Someone once said,Writer's life,Must be complex life.Mo yan is so:Suffering and lonely childhood,Made his writing background,Acute humor and sense of alienation dye-in-the-wood observation,Let him have touched the Nobel Prize for literature writing style of the judges.Variety mo yan,Final into Chinese literary field won the Nobel first person.

　　

本报记者 陈宏 Our reporter ChenHong

　　

成长经历 Growing experience

　　

从小被歧视的孤苦孩子 From the discriminated against his children

　　莫言作品的语言风格很独特，那是因为莫言是个孤独中长大的乡下苦孩子。1955年，在山东高密县河崖镇大栏乡，管谟业呱呱坠地，“长得很不好看”的他不知道，等待他的将是一个黑暗的童年。

Mo yan works of the language style is unique,That's because mo yan is a lonely child grew up in the countryside bitter.In 1955,,In shandong densified county river cliff town big bar township,GuanMo industry comfort,"Grow very not good-looking"He don't know,Waiting for his will be a dark childhood.

　　由于种种原因，莫言出生后不久就受到歧视，6岁进学校读书，又因为骂老师是“奴隶主”，受到严厉处分。他小学就被迫辍学在家，虽然这没让他失去读书的兴趣，却给他性格带来了很多的阴影，这也在他成年后，转变成了他文字的风格。

For a variety of reasons,Mo yan shortly after birth by discrimination,Six years into the school,And because he called his teacher"Slave owners",Under severe sanctions.He was forced to drop out of school at home,Though it didn't let him lose interest in reading,But to his character brought a lot of shadow,This also is in his adult life,Change the style of a text.

　　比辍学更令他孤独的，是贫困的家庭条件。他曾在大年三十到别人家讨饺子吃，也曾做童工，长期忍受饥饿，还要遭受父亲的冷酷毒打。“相貌奇丑、喜欢尿床、嘴馋手懒，在家庭中是最不讨人喜欢的一员。”这是莫言对自己当年的回忆。

School more than to his lonely,Is poor family conditions.He was in the eve of the other people's house to get to eat dumplings,Had do child labor,Long endure hunger,Also suffer from his father's cold beaten."Looks odd ugly/Like wet the bed/Greediness lazy hands,In the family is the most unprepossessing a member."This is mo yan to oneself the memories.

　　这样的成长环境，对莫言有着极大的刺激。成名后，他说：“我的童年是黑暗的，恐怖、饥饿伴随着我成长。这样的童年也许是我成为作家的一个重要原因吧！我的写作动机一点也不高尚。当初就是想出名，想出人头地，想给父母争气，想证实我的存在并不是一个虚幻。”

Such growth environment,Mo yan to has a great stimulus.fame,He said:"My childhood was dark,terrorist/Hunger chaperonage I grew up.This is my childhood may become a writer's an important reason!My writing motivation is not noble.Was originally wants to be famous,Want to come to the front,Want to give parents try to make a good showing,Want to prove my existence is not a fantasy."

　　1976年，莫言参军，这成为了他人生的转折点，战士、政治教员、宣传干事，他童年听到的各种奇幻故事、看的种种书，在部队转变成了他写作的源泉，随后他进入解放军艺术学院和鲁迅文学院研究生班学习，从此开始了新的人生。

In 1976,,Mo yan joined the army,This became the turning point of his life,warrior/Political instructor/Publicity director,His childhood hear all kinds of ghost story/See all kinds of books,Change in the army became the source of his writing,Then he entered the PLA art academy and lu xun's faculty of arts graduate class,From now on start a new life.

　　

写作风格 Writing style

　　

言辞诡异肆虐、爱写打油诗 Words strange wreak havoc/Love to write doggerel

　　莫言的成就，如今在文坛已经尽人皆知：自1980年代中期起，莫言以一系列乡土作品崛起，充满着“怀乡”以及“怨乡”的复杂情感，早期被归类为“寻根文学”作家，但其写作风格素以大胆新奇著称，作品激情澎湃、想象诡异、语言肆虐。

Mo yan achievements,Now in the literary world has to a proverb:Since the mid 1980 s,Mo yan with a series of local works rise,Full of"homesickness"and"Quarrels with his country"Complex emotions,Early is classified as"Root-searching literature"writer,But its writing style are bold is famous for its novel,Work passion surging/Imagine strange/Language wreak havoc.

　　莫言的成名作是《红高粱家族》，后来被张艺谋改编成电影《红高粱》，两人都因为此作品奠定了自己的地位；随后的《丰乳肥臀》、《檀香刑》、《生死疲劳》、《蛙》，让莫言渐渐成为最有国际声望的中国作家。

Mo yan is well-known[Red sorghum family],Zhang yimou was adapted into a movie[Red sorghum],Two people are because the work laid his position;the[Abundant breast fat buttock]/[Sandalwood punishment]/[Fatigue life and death]/[frog],Let mo yan gradually become the most international prestigious Chinese writers.

　　“将魔幻现实主义与民间故事、历史与当代社会融合在一起”，“他创作中的世界令人联想起福克纳和马尔克斯作品的融合，同时又在中国传统文学和口头文学中寻找到一个出发点”，这是诺贝尔文学奖选择莫言的理由。

"Will magic realism and folk story/Historical and contemporary society fuses in together","He creates the world reminiscent Faulkner and Garcia marquez fusion of works,At the same time in traditional Chinese literature and oral literature to find a starting point",This is the Nobel Prize for literature choose the reason of mo yan.

　　然而，抛开这些拗口的文学术语，莫言又是个爱写打油诗的有趣作家。

however,Despite these clumsy literature terms,Mo yan is a love to write doggerel interesting writer.

　　你能想象魔幻现实主义和以下这段文字有任何联系吗？“我回高密，浇麦抗旱。一片白霜，水里含碱。我爹保证，亩产过千。不由感叹，忆起当年。亩产二百，已算丰产。上周大雨，雷霆电闪。旱情解除，打马回转。今年口粮，不会犯难。新麦蒸馍，味道香甜。石磨火烧，高密特产。怀揣两个，临危不乱。”

Can you imagine magic realism and the following this passage have any contact?"I go back to high-density,Poured wheat drought resistance.A piece of rime,Water containing alkali.My dad guarantee,Per mu yield than.Not exclamation,Remember the.Per mu yield two hundred,Has high calculation.Last week the heavy rain,Thunder lightning.Drought remove,Play horse rotary.This year ration,Not puzzled.New wheat steamed buns,Taste sweet.Stone mill fire,Densified speciality.Carries two,unflappable."

　　事实上，打油诗已经成了莫言的另一个标签。和朋友交流，打油诗开道；新小说构思，几句打油诗道明。甚至在他家乡为他建的莫言文学馆，他的打油诗也在其中怡然自得。

In fact,Doggerel mo yan has become another label.And friends exchange,Doggerel one;The new novel conception,A few words of doggerel way clear.Even in his hometown he built for mo yan museum,His doggerel is among them happy and contented.

　　爱写打油诗，说明了这位严肃作家的幽默一面。他在和画家朋友聊天时，就喜欢插科打诨，对方国画画一条鱼，大家热火朝天地、严肃地聊着“国画的师古和创新”，他却非常“拎不清”地插一句：“何老师啊，这条鱼看上去似乎做熟了。”

Love to write doggerel,Explains the classical writer humor side.He and painter friend chat,Like gag,The other countries to draw a fish,Everyone in full swing to/Seriously chatting"Traditional Chinese painting division ancient and innovation",He was very"Carry not pure"To interrupt:"Teacher: what,The fish looks seem to do is ripe."

　　

性格特点 character

　　

积极观察、评价社会热点 Positive observation/Evaluation social hot spot

　　事实上，因为写作的原因，对于社会的热点事情、社会现象，他都有着敏锐而独特的观察，并以非常幽默的方式表现出来。

In fact,Because of the reason of writing,For the social hot spot things/Social phenomenon,He has a keen and unique observation,And in a very humorous way.

　　今年的北京大雨，很多人受灾，莫言也在关注着，看到有旅馆为此漫天要价，他怒斥“趁火打劫，强盗行径”；坐火车看到有自称欧洲华人的人威胁乘务员，他拍案而起，批评对方没水平没礼貌，甚至写打油诗嘲讽。

This year's Beijing rain,A lot of people affected by,Mo yan are looking at,See the hotel for this on wild speculations,He accosted the"Fish in troubled waters,gangsterism";The train to see a European Chinese people threat steward,His life,Criticism of the other party didn't level rude,Even write doggerel taunt.

　　伦敦奥运会，这样看似和他没什么关系的事，他也看得津津有味。刘翔的因伤再度退赛，莫言不仅会正常地评论说“把他当人看待，别当神来看，也别当鬼来看”，还会用很多的话，来说自己“坐地铁出来脚抽筋，后来因为有事赶路走得急了，导致肿痛”的一个故事，最终煞有介事地评论一句“抽筋万勿疾走，脚伤切忌跨栏”，让人忍俊不禁。

The London Olympic Games,This seemingly and he doesn't matter,He also with real delight.Liu xiang's injury again out of the race,Mo yan will not only normal comments"When people look at him,Don't when god come to see,Don't also when the ghost to see",Also will use many words,For your"Take the subway out foot cramps,But for something go on nasty,Cause sore"A story,Finally a seriously review"Cramps don't whirling,Foot avoid by all means is hurdles",Let a person cannot help laughing.

　　对社会的敏锐观察，也成就了莫言讲故事的能力。这次诺贝尔文学奖的评委之一马悦然就曾“嘲笑”他：“太能讲故事了，其实书可以薄一半！”

To society of keen observation,Achievement is also the ability to tell a story, mo yan.The Nobel Prize for literature MaYueRan had one of the judges"Laugh at"he:"Too can tell a story,In fact books could be thin half!"

　　但莫言却并不愿意改掉自己的这个特点，他更愿意用一个有趣的故事，来表达自己的想法，就像他在微博上嘲讽某些国人时所讲的故事：在故乡买水果，面熟的摊贩向自己推销绿色原生态，最终水果拎回家，却发现超级难吃，根本不是摊上切片的样品味道。

But mo yan is not willing to get rid of the characteristics,He is more willing to use an interesting story,To express your own ideas,As he in micro bo at some people on the story:In the home to buy fruit,Familiar vendors to promote green original,Final fruit carry to go home,But found that super yucky,Is not on the stand section samples taste.

　　曾有人评价说，正是因为他对社会敏锐的观察和想象，生动地讲出来之后，让他的家乡高密这个小地方，扩展成了世界性的中心舞台。

Someone once said evaluation,It is for him to the society keen observation and imagination,A vivid talk out later,Let his hometown densified the small place,Expanded into a world center stage.

　　

重视家庭 Attaches great importance to the family

　　

外孙比茅盾文学奖更重要 Grandson is more important than maodun literature

　　在莫言的作品里，父权有着矛盾的色彩，这跟他从小的经历有关。但在现实中，他却是不折不扣的慈父，在学书法的他，就曾手书“为老婆孩子奋斗”的条幅。

In mo yan's works,Paternity has the colour of contradiction,With the background of since he was a child.But in reality,He is a real father,In his calligraphy,Had calligraphy"For wife and children struggle"banners.

　　莫言与妻子杜勤兰是同乡，感情甚笃。1981年，结婚两年的他们有了爱情的结晶长着一双大眼睛的女儿管笑笑。莫言对笑笑异常疼爱，在当兵时回家探亲，他每次都会给她带回很多书，有童话故事、作文选、字典、连环画……于是管笑笑长大后，也继承了父亲的兴趣：读书，也出版了自己的作品。“出这本书，我没有沾父亲的光。”笑笑说，而这也让莫言欣慰。

Mo yan and his wife DuQinLan is fellow countryman,Good graces.In 1981,,After two years of marriage they have a love of crystal has a pair of big eyes daughter tube smile.Mo yan to smile abnormal love,In the home to visit,Each time he would give her back to a lot of books,Have a fairy tale/Be collected works/dictionary/Comic books……So tube smile grew up,Also inherited his father's interest:reading,Also published his work."Out of this book,I didn't touch the light of the father."smiled,And this also let mo yan gratified.

　　即使是现在，笑笑已经成家生子，莫言对孩子的感情也丝毫没变，帮着带外孙，成了他的兴趣之一。有趣的是，莫言的《蛙》获茅盾文学奖时，正是他做外公后3个月。“相比于获奖，女儿生了孩子，让自己做了外公，对莫言来说，才是人生中更大的事情。”了解他的朋友，当时曾这么评价。

Even now,Smile has a half-rural,Mo yan to a child's feelings and without change,Help with grandson,Became one of his interest.Interesting is,Mo yan's[frog]When the maodun literature,It was his grandpa do after 3 months."Compared to the,Daughter had a child,Let oneself did grandpa,Mo yan is to,Is in the life more things."About his friends,At that time was so evaluation.

　　》创作年表 ]Creation chronology

　　1981年处女作短篇小说《春夜雨霏霏》

1981 first short story[A spring night rain falling thick and fast]

　　1982年短篇小说《丑兵》、《为了孩子》

1982 short stories[Ugly soldiers]/[For the children]

　　1983年短篇小说《售棉大路》、《民间音乐》

1983 short stories[Sell cotton road]/[Folk music]

　　1984年小说《岛上的风》、《雨中的河》

1984 novel[Island wind]/[The rain river]

　　1985年中篇小说《透明的红萝卜》、《球状闪电》、《金发婴儿》、《爆炸》，

1985 novella[Transparent carrots]/[Ball lightning]/[Blonde baby]/[explosion],

　　短篇小说《枯河》、《老枪》、《白狗秋千架》、《大风》、《三匹马》、《秋水》

Short stories[Dry river]/[The old gun]/[White dog swing frame]/[winds]/[Three horses]/[circles]

　　1986年小说集《透明的红萝卜》、中篇小说《红高粱》、《高粱酒》、《高粱殡》、

1986 stories[Transparent carrots]/novella[Red sorghum]/[kaoliang]/[Sorghum their]/

　　《狗道》、《奇死》、《筑路》，短篇小说《草鞋窨子》、《苍蝇、门牙》

[The dog way]/[Odd death]/[road],Short stories[Straw sandals will matter son]/[flies/incisor]

　　1987年长篇小说《红高粱家族》、中篇小说《欢乐》、《红蝗》

1987 novels[Red sorghum family]/novella[joy]/[Red locust]

　　1988年长篇小说《天堂蒜薹之歌》、《十三步》、《复仇记》、《马驹横穿沼泽》

1988 novels[Heaven young garlic shoot song]/[Ten three steps]/[Revenge of]/[Pony across marsh]

　　1989年中短篇小说集《欢乐十三章》，中篇小说《你的行为使我恐惧》

In 1989 ZhongDuanPian stories[Joy chapter 13],novella[Your behavior made me fear]

　　1990年中篇小说《父亲在民夫连里》

1990 novella[Do not withhold your father in civilian worker]

　　1991年中篇小说《白棉花》、《战友重逢》、《怀抱鲜花的女人》、《红耳朵》，

1991 novella[White cotton]/[Comrade-in-arms reunion]/[The woman with flowers]/[Red ears],

　　短篇小说《神嫖》、《夜渔》、《鱼市》、《翱翔》

Short stories[Use the god]/[Night fishing]/[Fish market]/[soar]

　　1992年中篇小说《幽默与趣味》、《模式与原形》、《梦境与杂种》

1992 novella[Humor and fun]/[Model and prototype]/[Dreams and hybrid]

　　1993年长篇小说《酒国》，中篇小说集《怀抱鲜花的女人》，

1993 novels[Wine countries],Medium-length stories[The woman with flowers],

　　长篇小说《食草家族》，短篇小说集《神聊》

novel[Grazing family],Short stories[Kill time]

　　1995年《丰乳肥臀》

In 1995,[Abundant breast fat buttock]

　　1997年话剧《霸王别姬》（与人合作）

1997 drama[Farewell my concubine](To work with people)

　　1998年中篇小说《牛》、《三十年前的一场长跑比赛》，短篇小说《拇指铐》、

1998 novella[cattle]/[Thirty years ago a long distance race],Short stories[Thumb handcuffed]/

　　《长安大道上的骑驴美人》、《白杨林里的战斗》、

[Changan avenue of riding donkey beauty]/[Poplar forest battle]/

　　《一匹倒挂在杏树上的狼》、《蝗虫奇谈》，散文集《会唱歌的墙》

[A horse hangs upside down in apricot tree on the Wolf]/[Locusts yarn],essay[Singing wall]

　　1999年中篇小说《师傅越来越幽默》、《我们的七叔》、《野骡子》、《藏宝图》，

1999 novella[Master more and more humor]/[Our seven tertiary]/[Wild mule]/[Treasure map],

　　短篇小说《祖母的门牙》、《儿子的敌人》、《沈园》，长篇小说《红树林》

Short stories[Grandmother's front teeth]/[Son of the enemy]/[Shen garden],novel[mangrove]

　　2000年中篇小说《司令的女人》、短篇《冰雪美人》

2000 novella[Commander woman]/short[Ice and snow beauty]

　　2001年长篇小说《檀香刑》，短篇《倒立》

2001 novels[Sandalwood punishment],short[inverted]

　　2002年长篇小说《良心作证》，中篇《扫帚星》

2002 novels[Conscience to testify],medium-length[comet]

　　2003年长篇小说《四十一炮》

2003 novels[Forty-one gun]

　　2006年长篇小说《生死疲劳》

2006 novels[Fatigue life and death]

　　2009年长篇小说《蛙》

2009 novels[frog]

　　

》获奖情况 ]awarding

　　

年份 作品奖项 Year work awards

　　1987年《红高粱家族》第四届全国中篇小说奖

In 1987,[Red sorghum family]The fourth session of national novelette award

　　1988年联合文学奖

1988 joint prize for literature

　　1996年《丰乳肥臀》第一届大家·红河文学奖

In 1996,[Abundant breast fat buttock]First you · red river prize for literature

　　2000年《红高粱家族》《亚洲周刊》20世纪中文小说100强第十八名

In 2000,[Red sorghum family][Asia weekly]The 20th century Chinese fiction 100 strong name 18

　　2001年《红高粱系列》《今日世界文学》七十五年来全世界四十部杰出作品

In 2001,[Red sorghum series][Today the world literature]For seventy-five years the world forty department outstanding works

　　2001年第二届冯牧文学奖

In 2001 the second FengMu prize for literature

　　2001年《檀香刑》联合报读书人年度文学类最佳书奖

In 2001,[Sandalwood punishment]The Associated Press scholar literature year best book award

　　2001年《酒国》法文版法国儒尔·巴泰庸外国文学奖

In 2001,[Wine countries]France's some french-specific Confucianism · and Thai without foreign prize for literature

　　2003年《檀香刑》第一届鼎钧双年文学奖

In 2003,[Sandalwood punishment]The first ding jun double year prize for literature

　　2004年茅台杯人民文学奖

2004 maotai cup people's prize for literature

　　2004年法国“法兰西文学与艺术骑士勋章”

In 2004, France"French literature and art a knighthood"

　　2004年第二届“华语文学传媒大奖·年度杰出成就奖”

In 2004 the second"Chinese literature media awards · year outstanding achievement award"

　　2005年第三十届意大利诺尼诺国际文学奖

In 2005 the 30th Italy's nino international prize for literature

　　2005年《四十一炮》第2届华语文学传媒大奖年度杰出成就奖

In 2005,[Forty-one gun]The second session of Chinese literature media award year outstanding achievement award

　　2006年福冈亚洲文化奖

2006 fukuoka Asian culture award

　　2007年《生死疲劳》“福星惠誉杯”优秀作品奖

In 2007,[Fatigue life and death]"Lucky star fitch ratings cup"Prize of excellent works

　　2008年第2届红楼梦奖

In 2008, the second session of a dream of red mansions award

　　2011年《蛙》第八届茅盾文学奖

In 2011,[frog]The eighth maodun literature

　　2012年2012诺贝尔文学奖

2012 the Nobel Prize for literature