莫言2005。 本报记者吴平摄 Mo yan 2005. Our reporter WuPingShe

　　提起莫言，人们首先想到的可能是电影《红高粱》里那些色彩鲜艳的画面和黄土地上张扬的生命力，那里就是莫言的高密东北乡。高密不仅仅是莫言地理意义上的家乡，更是他几十年来在文学创作道路上一直苦心构筑的文学故乡。他的小说创作几乎从未离开高密，那是独属于他的文学王国。他在这片充满想象力的土地上展开叙事，并向历史纵深挖掘，向广袤的中国乡村延伸。

Mention mo yan,What people thinks of above all is probably the movie[Red sorghum]Those colourful pictures and loessland in the vitality of make public,There is mo yan's densified northeast township.Density is not only mo yan geographical sense of home,Is he for decades in literary creation on the road have been elaborately build literary home.His novel creation almost never left density,That is unique to his literary kingdom.He in this piece is full of imagination on the land expansion narrative,And history to deep mining,Facing the vast Chinese rural extensions.

　　从辍学回家的放牛娃到享誉世界的名作家，莫言的文学之路并非一帆风顺，但他一步步探索出了独特的创作风格，天马行空的叙述，陌生化的处理，带有明显的“先锋”色彩。

From home to school child cowherd world-famous writer,Mo yan literary road was not all plain sailing,But he step by step to explore the unique writing style,A powerful and unconstrained style description,Defamiliarization processing,With obvious"pioneer"colour.

　　

小时候 When I was a child

　　

小学辍学务农 Elementary school farming

　　莫言，本名管谟业，1955年2月17日出生于山东高密县河崖镇平安村。莫言的文学道路并不一帆风顺，而是充满了坎坷和曲折。

Mo yan,Autonym GuanMo industry,1955 February 17, was born in shandong densified county river cliff town peace village.The literary way mo yan is not plain sailing,But all the difficulties and twists and turns.

　　小时候在家乡上学时，莫言的文学功底很好，作文写得非常漂亮，经常被老师当作范文朗诵。1967年小学五年级时，他因文革和得罪别人被迫辍学回家务农，当起放牛娃。莫言曾说，他小时候之所以想当一个作家，就是想一日三餐都吃上香喷喷的饺子，就是想娶石匠女儿当老婆。

When I was a child at school at home,Mo yan's literary grounding is very good,Composition writing is very beautiful,Is often the teacher as a model essay reading.1967 fifth-grade,He was forced to drop out of the cultural revolution and offend others home soil,When the child cowherd.MoYanCeng said,When he was a child, he was wanted to be a writer,Just want to eat three square meals a day on the flavor of the dumplings,Just want to marry the daughter as wife.

　　

当兵时 the

　　

投稿屡遭退稿 Contribution repeatedly by rejection

　　长大后，20多岁的莫言离开家乡当了兵，历任班长、保密员、图书管理员、教员、干事等职。那时，他又拿起笔开始写作，作家梦在这个年轻人的内心再次熊熊燃起。当时，莫言写了很多作品，向全国报纸、杂志投稿。他一般都选择地市级刊物投稿，而不是大报大刊。

Grew up,More than 20 years old, mo yan to leave home when the soldiers,Successive monitor/BaoMiYuan/librarian/faculty/Stewards and so on.then,He picked up a pen to start writing,Writer dream in the young man's heart burning up again.At that time,Mo yan wrote a lot of works,To national newspaper/Magazine contribute.He generally choose prefecture-level publication contribution,Rather than broadsheet big issue.

　　每次莫言都满怀信心地把厚厚的稿纸装进信封，之后开始漫长且充满希望地等待，最后等来的往往是破烂不堪的退稿信封，里面最多塞上一封编辑部铅印的退稿信。

Mo yan every time with complete confidence in the thick manuscript paper put into the envelope,Then began a long and full of hope for,Finally to often is worm-eaten rejection envelope,Most inside the fort a rejection letter letterpress printing.

　　

1981开始发表之路 1981 began to publish road

　　1981年的一天，莫言收到一封保定市《莲池》编辑部的信，他发表了人生的第一篇短篇小说《春夜雨霏霏》。同年，他的女儿管笑笑出生。

One day in 1981,Mo yan BaoDingShi received a letter[lianchi]Letter of editorial department of,He published the first short story of life[A spring night rain falling thick and fast].In the same year,His daughter tube smile was born.

　　1984年秋天，尚不知名的莫言得到解放军艺术学院文学系主任、著名作家徐怀中先生的赏识，进入该系学习。军艺的学习对莫言的创作影响巨大，他曾说：“军艺使我的创作产生了一个巨大的转折。我明白了只有跟别人不同，才有可能冒出头来。”

In the autumn of 1984,Mo yan is not known for the PLA art academy literature department head/Famous writer XuHuaiZhong sir recognition,Into learning the department.Learning from goshawks in mo yan to the creation of the enormous influence,He said:"From goshawks make my creation a big turnout.I see only different with others,Is possible to take out."

　　至今，莫言共发表了80多篇短篇小说、30部中篇小说、11部长篇小说，出版过5部散文集、一套散文全集、9部影视文学剧本，以及两部话剧作品。他的作品还被广泛地翻译成英语、法语、西班牙语、德语、瑞典语、俄语、日本语、韩语等十几种语言。

So far,Mo yan has published more than 80 short stories/30 department novelette/11 novels,Published 5 department essays/A set of complete prose/9 department showbiz literature script,And two drama works.His work has been widely translated into English/French/Spanish/German/Swedish/Russian/Japanese language/Korean, etc more than ten languages.

　　

1985形成自我风格 1985 forming self style

　　1985年，莫言发表了中篇小说《透明的红萝卜》，赢得全国性声誉，这成为他的成名作。这部小说与短篇小说《枯河》是姐妹篇，都有莫言少年时期当童工的惨痛记忆。1967年，12岁的莫言在工地旁因饥饿难耐，偷拔了生产队的一根红萝卜，被押送到工地进行批斗。他在毛主席像前痛哭流涕，申明再也不敢了，回家后又遭到父亲的毒打。

In 1985,,Mo yan published medium-length novel[Transparent carrots],Win the national reputation,It became his well-known.The novel and short story[Dry river]Is sister article,All have mo yan young period when painful memory of child labor.In 1967,,12 on the construction site by hunger by mo yan unbearable,Steal pulled out production team of a piece of red turnip,Escorted to the site for one.He in chairman MAO's cry as before,The statement never,After coming home and was father beaten.

　　《透明的红萝卜》属于莫言探索和逐渐形成语言风格的作品，此前他的十几篇短篇作品都可以看做是摸索和积累。《透明的红萝卜》创造了一个令人难忘的、被侮辱、被损害、被遗忘的“黑孩”形象。莫言曾经说过，如果非要在他的小说中找一个原型，那一定是“黑孩”。他说：“《透明的红萝卜》发表后，我感觉过去几十年在农村积累的素材、我本人的经历都可以变成很好的小说。”

[Transparent carrots]Belong to mo yan exploration and gradually formed the language style of the works,After his more than ten short works can be seen as exploration and accumulation.[Transparent carrots]To create a memorable/insulted/Be damage/forgotten"Black boy"image.Mo yan once said,If want to in his novel find a prototype,That must be"Black boy".He said:"[Transparent carrots]published,I feel the past decades in the countryside the accumulation of material/I experience can be turned into a good novel."

　　

1986引起文坛轰动 1986 caused a literary world

　　在军艺的两年里，尽管白天要上课，但莫言还是写出了80多万字的小说，其中包括《红高粱》。小说《红高粱》1986年发表后，在文坛上引起震动。

From goshawks in two years,Although the day to have a class,But mo yan or write more than 80 words of the novel,including[Red sorghum].novel[Red sorghum]After published in 1986,In the literary world cause shock.

　　莫言把《红高粱》电影版权以800元卖给了当时的摄影师张艺谋。电影由姜文、巩俐主演，1988年获得西柏林国际电影节金熊奖，引起世界对中国电影的关注。电影里，余占螯在红高粱地里拦路打劫戴凤莲，这场戏就在莫言的家乡取景拍摄。另外，导演霍建起把《白狗秋千架》改编成了电影《暖》，里面第一次出现了“高密东北乡”这个文学地理概念。

The mo yan[Red sorghum]The movie rights with 800 yuan sold to the photographer zhang yimou.Film by jiangwen/Gong li starred in,From 1988 to, west Berlin international festival,Cause the world to the Chinese movie's attention.In the movie,In the field of lobster more than red sorghum DaiFengLian road,The play in mo yan hometown point shooting.In addition,Director HuoJianQi the[White dog swing frame]Adapted into a film[warm],It first appeared"Densified northeast township"This literature geographic concepts.

　　

1995身处风口浪尖 In 1995 in the teeth of the storm

　　在写完《红高粱》系列之后，莫言开始了长篇小说的创作。38岁的莫言在1993年推出了长篇小说《酒国》，那时下海大潮汹涌，文学遭遇冷落。莫言闲居在高密家里，有充分的时间构思和斟酌作品。

In the finished[Red sorghum]After series of,Mo yan began novel creation.The 38-year-old mo yan in 1993 introduced a novel[Wine countries],When sea tide surge,Literature is ignored.Mo yan stays in high-density home,Have plenty of time to conception and consider works.

　　1995年春天，莫言花83天完成了他最具争议的作品《丰乳肥臀》。洋洋50万言的小说因内容尖锐而引起轩然大波。在他获得“大家文学奖”10万元奖金后，各种冷嘲热讽接踵而至，批判、挖苦源源不绝。但也有人说这是一部杰作。对于争议，莫言曾说：“我觉得你可以不看我所有的作品，但如果要了解我的文学世界，你应该看看《丰乳肥臀》。”这是莫言一部总结性的小说，从此，他结束了从《红高粱》开始的高密东北乡家族小说的写作。

In the spring of 1995,MoYanHua 83 days completed his most controversial works[Abundant breast fat buttock].With 500000 words novel content because of sharp and cause a storm in a teacup.He won in"We prize for literature"After RMB 100000 bonus,All kinds of cynicism follow,criticism/Sarcasm continuously.But others say it is a masterpiece.For dispute,MoYanCeng said:"I think you can watch all of my work,But if you want to know my literary world,You should see[Abundant breast fat buttock]."This is a summative mo yan's novel,From now on,After he had finished from[Red sorghum]Start densified northeast township family novel writing.

　　

2011获茅盾文学奖 The 2011 maodun literature

　　《丰乳肥臀》后，莫言暂停了小说的创作，期间写了《红树林》等影视剧本，还创作了很多散文等。直到1999年，他连续在《收获》杂志上发表了四部中篇小说，由此重返小说界。

[Abundant breast fat buttock]after,Mo yan suspended the novel creation,Written during the[mangrove]Film and television play, such as,Also produced a lot of prose, etc.Until 1999,He continuous in[harvest]Published four department novella,This return to fiction.

　　此后几年，他陆续出版了长篇小说《四十一炮》《檀香刑》《生死疲劳》和《蛙》，至今已经出版了11部长篇小说。其中，2009年底出版的《蛙》于2011年8月获得第八届茅盾文学奖。

After a few years,He has published novels[Forty-one gun][Sandalwood punishment][Fatigue life and death]and[frog],Has already published 11 novels.the,Published by the end of 2009[frog]In August 2011 for the eighth maodun literature.

　　莫言后期的创作速度越来越慢，因为他希望每一部作品都有些新的变化。在文学的道路上，莫言在艰难而又幸福地跋涉着。当年在《莲池》上发表《春夜雨霏霏》的那位20岁出头的青年战士，已经成长为一名享有世界声誉的著名作家。

Mo yan later creation more and more slow speed,Because he hope every works are some new changes.In the literature on the road,Mo yan in the difficult and happiness to trek the.during[lianchi]Published on[A spring night rain falling thick and fast]Of the 20 s youth soldiers,Has grown into a enjoy the reputation of the world famous writer.

　　

大事记 memorabilia

　　1955年2月生于山东高密。

In February 1955 was born in the shandong density.

　　1976年加入解放军，历任班长、保密员、图书管理员、教员、干事等职。

In 1976 to join the people's liberation army,Successive monitor/BaoMiYuan/librarian/faculty/Stewards and so on.

　　1986年毕业于解放军艺术学院文学系。

In 1986, he graduated from the people's liberation army academy of art department of literature.

　　1991年毕业于北京师范大学鲁迅文学院创作研究生班并获硕士学位。

In 1991, he graduated from Beijing normal university college of arts creation of lu xun's graduate class and obtained a master degree.

　　1997年调至《检察日报》工作。

In 1997 transferred to[Procuratorial daily]work.

　　2006年，第一届中国作家富豪榜发布，莫言以10年345万元的版税收入荣登第20位。

In 2006,,The first Chinese writers released of the world's billionaires,Mo yan to 10 years 3.45 million yuan royalty income on a 20.

　　2011年8月，长篇小说《蛙》获第八届茅盾文学奖。

In August 2011,novel[frog]The eighth maodun literature.

　　2011年11月受聘请为青岛科技大学客座教授。

In November 2011 for Qingdao university of science and technology by hiring a visiting professor.

　　2011年11月24日当选中国作家协会副主席。

On November 24, 2011 was elected vice chairman of the Chinese writers association.

　　2012年5月受聘为华东师范大学中文系兼职教授。

In May 2012, employed for east China normal university professor of the department of Chinese literature, part-time.

　　2012年10月11日获诺贝尔文学奖。

On October 11, 2012 received the Nobel Prize for literature.

　　本报记者聂宽冕整理

Our reporter NieKuan crown finishing