前不久，国内唯一传统文化教程人教版《中国传统文化教育全国中小学实验教材》在北京正式发行。这是教育部“十一五”规划课题国学教育专项研究课题组八年研究的成果，课题组希望通过这套教材将国学文化融入到中小学教育中，探索中小学国学教育发展道路。

Not long ago,The only traditional culture tutorials well-selected people[Chinese traditional culture education national primary and middle school experimental teaching materials]Issued in Beijing.This is the ministry of education"11th five-year plan"Planning subject education Chinese special research group eight years of research results,His hope that through this set of textbooks will Chinese culture into the primary and secondary school education in,Explore Chinese primary and middle school education development road.

　　值得注意的是，该套教材不仅将《论语》、《孙子》、《道德经》等经典文献全文选入，还将京剧、茶文化等纳入其中，课题组是出于怎样的考虑？是否会加重学生负担？面对诸多疑问，该课题组副组长、中国国学文化艺术中心秘书长张健接受了记者的专访。

It is important to note that,This set of textbooks will not only[Analects of Confucius]/[grandson]/[Moral the]Classic literature full text selected,Will also Peking Opera/Included in the tea culture, etc,Group is out of consideration of how?Whether can aggravate the burden of students?In the face of the many questions,This group deputy leader/China's traditional culture and art center secretary general zhang jian accepted reporter's interview.

国学教育即人格教育 Chinese traditional learning education namely personality education

　　要达到四个目标：良好的行为规范、深邃的哲学思想、质朴的道德操守和高雅的审美情趣

To achieve four goals:Good code of conduct/Deep philosophy thought/Simple moral integrity and elegant aesthetic taste

　　记者：目前中小学的国学教育有何迫切性？

reporter:At present middle and primary school Chinese education of what is the urgency?

　　张健：目前民族的道德问题是一个非常急迫的问题。一百年前，中国的科学实在太落后了，当时作为国民政府教育总长的蔡元培先生，以国家的名义推行西方科学教育，把自己的民族文化剔除于教育系统之外。到解放之后，我国经历了十年“文革”，民族文化教育再次受到冲击。而民族文化的核心是国学，特别是儒家思想，如儒家思想要求“仁义礼智信”、“忠孝勤恭俭”，这些优秀的东西我们在教育上给忽视了。

Zhang jian:At present the national moral problem is a very urgent problem.One hundred years ago,China's science is so behind,At that time as a national government education presidents of Mr. CAI yuanpei,In the name of the national implementation of the western science education,His own national culture to eliminate in the education system besides.After liberation to,Experience in China for ten years"Cultural revolution",National culture education again being impact.And the core of Chinese national culture is,Especially Confucianism,Such as Confucianism requirements"Benevolence, believe"/""Loyalty and filial piety" often waste objects",These good things in our education to ignore.

　　而在人格培养上，我们又没有建立起像西方国家那样的人格教育体系，比如相互尊重和责任感。在“尊重”上，西方讲究尊重自己、尊重生命，以及尊重环境等；在“责任”上，强调正直、勇敢、忍让、诚信等。

And in personality culture,We have not been established as western countries that personality education system,Such as mutual respect and sense of responsibility.in"respect"on,Western pay attention to respect yourself/Respect for life,And respect for the environment, etc;in"responsibility"on,Emphasis on integrity/brave/self-surrender/Integrity, etc.

　　由于近百年来对传统民族文化教育的忽视以及没有建立合适的人格教育体系，以致现在社会道德滑坡问题凸显。

Nearly years because of traditional national culture education of neglect and did not establish the right personality education system,So now the social moral landslide question highlights.

　　记者：照您刚才所说，中小学国学教育的主要目的是道德教育？

reporter:As you said just now,Chinese primary and middle school education is the main target of moral education?

　　张健：2006年我们做了一个全国调查，结果是当时中小学国学教育没有任何基础：没有教育目标、没有课程规划、没有师资、没有教材，基本上处于零的状态。经过“十一五”这几年，我们解决了前面的两个问题，通过课程实验和专家论证，我们认为国学教育应该属于青少年的德育教育和人格教育范畴，我们叫做完美人格教育，即内涵比较丰富的人格；要达到四个目标：良好的行为规范、深邃的哲学思想、质朴的道德操守和高雅的审美情趣。

Zhang jian:In 2006 we made a nationwide survey,The result is at that time Chinese primary and middle school education without any basis:No education target/No course planning/No teacher/No teaching materials,Basically in the state of zero.after"11th five-year plan"Over the past few years,We solve the front two questions,Through the experiment and expert argumentation,We think that Chinese education should belong to youth moral education and personality education category,We called the perfect personality education,Namely connotation is rich personality;To achieve four goals:Good code of conduct/Deep philosophy thought/Simple moral integrity and elegant aesthetic taste.

“国学”不仅是“诗词” "Chinese"Is not only"poetry"

　　中国的国学文化是一种思想体系，严格地说，在现行的教材里面其实是看不到国学的

Chinese traditional culture is a kind of thought system,Strictly speaking,In the current teaching material inside is actually see the Chinese traditional learning

　　记者：现行中小学教材中也有“国学”内容，为何需要专门教材？

reporter:The current teaching material of middle and primary school also have"Chinese"content,Why need special teaching material?

　　张健：目前中小学阶段所谓的“国学”内容只是古诗词或者名篇，这不仅是量不足的问题，而是不懂国学的问题。什么是国学？一国之术，通俗讲就是“儒、释、道、兵、医、艺”等。中国的国学文化是一种思想体系，儒家是一个思想体系，道家是一个思想体系，而古诗词呈现的只是一小部分，不能呈现整个国学内容，不能对国学概念有一个整体的认识。严格地说，在现行的教材里面其实是看不到国学的。

Zhang jian:At present stage of primary and secondary schools the so-called"Chinese"Content just to convey the ancient poetry or,This is not only the problem of insufficient quantity,But don't understand the problem of Chinese traditional learning.What is Chinese traditional learning?One country of arts,Popular speak is"Confucianism/release/way/soldiers/medical/art", etc.Chinese traditional culture is a kind of thought system,Confucian is a thought system,Taoism is an ideological system,But the present is only a small part of the ancient poetry,Can not present the whole Chinese traditional learning content,Unable to Chinese traditional learning concepts have a whole understanding.Strictly speaking,In the current teaching material inside is actually see the Chinese traditional learning.

　　记者：那么新推出的这套教材是怎么选择内容的？

reporter:So the launch of new this textbook is how to choose content?

　　张健：小学阶段我们推出《弟子规》、《三字经》、《千字文》、《声律启蒙》、《论语》、《孟子》，初中有《孙子兵法》、《大学》、《中庸》，高中有《古文观止》和《道德经》。这些经典都是全文保留，书上还有关于茶文化、京剧等国粹和传统文化的内容。

Zhang jian:We introduce our primary school[Disciple gauge]/[Prblic places]/[Character primer]/[Systematically the enlightenment]/[Analects of Confucius]/[mencius],Junior high school have[The art of war]/[university]/[The doctrine of the mean],High school has[GuanZhi ancient prose]and[Moral the].These classics are retained the full text,The book also about tea culture/The Peking Opera and so on the quintessence of a country and the content of the traditional culture.

　　记者：这些内容对中小学学生而言是否过于高深？

reporter:These content for primary and secondary school student whether too advanced?

　　张健：其实这些内容并不高深，只要教材编得好，孩子总会看下去，孩子们会形成自己的思想，跟大人的理解相差也不会太大。而且我觉得孩子会不会理解关键就在老师。之前也有争论，如《弟子规》有些内容该不该删，但最终我们决定不删，每本书总有优势和劣势，不能拿劣势否定全部，我们要把全文呈献给学生。而且这个问题的解决要靠老师，如何解释并引导学生正确地理解很重要。

Zhang jian:Actually these contents are advanced,As long as textbooks compiled well,Children always look down,The children will form his own thoughts,With the understanding of the adults are also too won't big.And I think that the child will not understand the key is in the teacher.Before there is debate,if[Disciple gauge]Some contents should delete,But in the end we decided not to delete,Each book always have advantages and disadvantages,Can't take disadvantage all negative,We will put the full text to students.And the resolution of this problem should rely on the teacher,How to explain and guides the student to understand correctly is very important.

　　我们的课程是不要求考试的，我们就怕它变成现在的语文课，有标准答案。传统文化是没有标准答案的，只要对于人的进步有帮助就够了，我们不求统一，孩子们读了一段话，觉得是美的、对他有借鉴意义就够了。我们是要进行最基本的人的教育。

Our course is not required of the exam,We will be afraid it into a language lesson now,A standard answer.Traditional culture is not the standard answer,As long as to one's progress have help is enough,We don't beg unified,The children read a passage,Think is beautiful/For he has reference significance is enough.We are to carry out the most basic people's education.

　　记者：目前中小学生的课业负担已经比较重，增加国学教育会不会加重负担？

reporter:At present the primary and middle school students have been schoolwork burden is heavier,Chinese traditional learning burden will not increase educational association?

　　张健：其实这是错觉。目前中小学有两个薄弱环节，一是没有人格教育，二是没有民族文化教育，而现在我们所说的国学教育就是教孩子怎样成人，所以这不是学业负担问题。

Zhang jian:Actually this is illusion.At present middle and primary school has two weak links,One is no personality education,The second is no national culture education,And now we speak Chinese education is to teach children how to adult,So this is not academic burden problem.

国学复兴是一百年的事 The Chinese Renaissance was in one hundred

　　如果有一批人遵循传统的伦理道德、最根本的做人标准，范围就会逐渐扩大

If there is a group of people follow the traditional ethics/The most fundamental person standard,Range will gradually expand

　　记者：教材里有茶文化和京剧等内容，在面对流行文化时，如何让学生接受这些传统文化？

reporter:In the teaching material have tea culture and the Peking Opera and so on contents,In the face of popular culture,How to let the student accept the traditional culture?

　　张健：我曾经看到过小学四年级一节茶文化课，孩子们在课堂上表现得很有兴趣，只要有兴趣，孩子们会自己去学。而现在的问题是，中小学校根本不让孩子去接触这些，怎能说孩子们肯定会没兴趣？

Zhang jian:I've seen primary school grade four a day tea culture class,The children performance in class very interested,As long as there is interest,The children will yourself to learn.Now the problem is,Small and medium-sized school don't let children to contact these,Can you say the children will certainly not interested?

　　当时我们做课题时，一位领导就说，国学的复兴是一百年的事。他给我们算了一笔账：现在的孩子开始读经典，叫做刚刚了解过去，等他们大了以后，以他们的准则去生活、去工作，这时大家才对国学有一定的认识，等他们做爷爷时，他们去教导儿子和孙子，那么这时国学才是刚刚开始复兴，等到祖爷爷那辈时，中国可能出现书香门第的四代。

When we do topics,A leader said,The Chinese Renaissance was in one hundred.He gave us a calculate a bill:Now children start reading classic,Called just knowing about the past,When you wait for them,With their criteria to life/To work,At this time everybody to have a certain understanding of Chinese traditional learning,They do when grandpa,They went to teach his son and grandson,Then Chinese traditional learning is just began to revive,Wait until the fathers when grandpa generation,China may appear a literary family of four generations.