《中国上市公司企业家能力指数(2012)》显示，2011年，1939家上市公司中，只有3家公司的企业家能力评估合格，即超过60分，分别是：招商银行的CEO马蔚华、中工国际的CEO罗艳和工商银行CEO杨凯生。

[Chinese listed company entrepreneur capability indices(2012)]display,In 2011,,1939 listed companies,Only three companies entrepreneur ability assessment qualified,Is more than sixty points,were:China merchants bank CEO MaWeiHua/Camce LuoYan CEO of industry and commerce bank YangKaiSheng CEO.

　

　谁是当下中国最有能力的上市公司CEO？ Who is the most ability of Chinese listed company CEO?

　　12月9日，一份名为《中国上市公司企业家能力指数(2012)》的报告，试图给出答案。这份厚达438页的报告，是北京师范大学[微博]公司治理与企业发展研究中心在过去一年多时间里的研究成果，以高明华为首的专家团队，通过数据分析，以指数形式，全面评价国内1939家上市公司的CEO的能力水平，并作出排名。

On December 9,,A name[Chinese listed company entrepreneur capability indices(2012)]report,Trying to give an answer to.The thickness of 438 - page report,Is Beijing normal university [micro bo] corporate governance and enterprise development research center in the past more than a year of research results,To crack the song of huawei expert team,Through the analysis of data,To index form,Comprehensive evaluation of domestic 1939 listed company CEO ability level,And make ranking.

　　这次尝试属于国家社会科学基金重点项目阶段性成果，它构建起包括“人力资本”“战略领导能力”“关系网络能力” “企业家社会责任能力”四大评价指标体系。

At this time, belong to national social science fund key project achievements,It build up including"Human capital""Strategic leadership""Relation network capacity" "Entrepreneurs social responsibility ability"Four evaluation index system.

　　阅读此报告的部分业内人士认为，该指数对于促进职业化经理人市场发育，规范资本市场和高管行为，保护投资者权益，意义重大。

Reading the report part of the personage inside course of study thinks,The index to promote professional manager market development,Standard capital market and executive behavior,To protect investors rights,Is of great significance.

　　

“关系” "relationship"

　　高明华是北京师范大学公司治理与企业发展研究中心主任，他告诉《中国新闻周刊》，客观公正地评价这个群体，不能感情用事，而需要有一套科学数据支持的分析结构和理论逻辑。

Beijing normal university GaoMingHua is corporate governance and enterprise development research center director,He told[China news weekly],Objective and fair evaluation of this group,Cannot be swayed by one's emotions,And need to have a scientific data to support the analysis structure and theoretical logic.

　　“我们评价的目的是引导政府、企业和投资者要高度重视总经理的地位，尊重总经理在不违反董事会决策下的自由裁量权并且独立承担责任。”高明华说，因此，他们的报告中的企业家，是各家上市公司的CEO，而非董事长。

"We the purpose of assessment is to guide the government/Enterprises and investors should attach great importance to the position of general manager,The general manager in respect of the board of directors is at the discretion of the decisions and independent responsibility."GaoMingHua said,so,Their report of the entrepreneurs,Families are listed company CEO,Instead of the chairman of the board.

　　该报告中提到，2011年，1939家上市公司中，只有3家公司的企业家能力评估合格，即超过60分，分别是：招商银行的CEO马蔚华、中工国际的CEO罗艳和工商银行CEO杨凯生。

The report mentioned,In 2011,,1939 listed companies,Only three companies entrepreneur ability assessment qualified,Is more than sixty points,were:China merchants bank CEO MaWeiHua/Camce LuoYan CEO of industry and commerce bank YangKaiSheng CEO.

　　1949年出生的马蔚华，是共和国的同龄人。从1982年开始，马蔚华就进入辽宁省计委工作，做了数十年的政府官员后，他在1999年3月出任招商银行的行长，至今也已13年。因此，无论是在“人力资本”还是“关系网络能力”都显示出绝对的优势。在“关系网络能力”方面，高明华团队罗列了9个二级指标，比如：“2011年政府官员是否到访企业访问”“2011年CEO是否陪同省部级以及以上政府官员出国访问”“是否担任党代表\人大[微博]代表\政协委员\军队任职”“是否曾在政府部门任职”等等。

Born in 1949 MaWeiHua,Is the republic of peers.Starting from 1982,MaWeiHua came into work planning commission of liaoning province,Do for decades after the government officials,He in March 1999 as China merchants bank's President,So far has been 13 years.so,Whether in"Human capital"or"Relation network capacity"Show the absolute advantage.in"Relation network capacity"aspects,GaoMingHua team listing the nine secondary index,Such as:"In 2011 the government officials visited whether enterprise access""Whether the CEO in 2011 provincial level and above accompanied by government officials to go abroad to visit""If party a's \ [micro bo] representative \ political consultative conference (CPPCC), the army""Ever in a government office"etc.

　　“从规范的市场规则角度，‘关系网络能力’是不应该纳入企业家能力评价范围的，因为关系网络中有可能存在‘寻租’问题。”高明华坦言，然而，中国是特别重视人际关系的国度，这种人际关系又确实能够为企业带来资源，并进而能够促进企业发展，况且这些人际关系并非必然涉嫌“寻租”。

"From the normative market rules Angle,‘Relation network capacity’That should not be included in the scope of entrepreneur ability evaluation,Because the relationship networks, there may be‘rent-seeking’problems."GaoMingHua said,however,China is pay special attention to the kingdom of interpersonal relationship,The interpersonal relationship and have to enterprise to bring the resources,And then can promote enterprise development,Besides these interpersonal relationship is not inevitable suspected"rent-seeking".

　　在前百位排名中，有几家企业尤其引人关注，比如三一重工，这家大本营在湖南的重工企业，是该省第一家上市的民营企业，今年11月，三一集团宣布总部迁址北京，引发社会广泛关注。 而他的董事长梁稳根，既是新晋大陆首富，又是十八大党代表，前不久他的一些发言，也引起不少争论。

In the top one hundred rankings,Several companies are particularly remarkable,Such as sany,The citadel in hunan industry enterprise,Is the first listed in the province of private enterprises,November,Trinity group announced the headquarters moved to Beijing,Trigger social attention. And he LiangWenGen chairman of the board,Is new in the mainland's richest man,Is the eighteenth big party,Recently some of his speech,Also caused a lot of debate.

　　就是这样一家常常占据报纸新闻版面的企业，三一重工CEO向文波，只排名第95位。这个1962年出生的湖南人，在诸多业界宣传材料里，他被称为“中国第一金牌职业经理人”，他在“人力资本”上颇有得分优势，但在关系网络能力上，比如“陪同省部级官员出国访问”等项目上，没有太高的分。而他的对手，中联重科的CEO詹纯新排名在第7位。这个结果，让“老对手”的较量中，有了最新的谈资。

Is such a often occupy the newspaper news page of the enterprise,Sany XiangWenBo CEO,Only a ranking.This was born in 1962 in hunan people,In many industry in the publicity materials,He was called"China's first gold medal professional managers",he"Human capital"There is quite a score on the advantage,But in the networking capability,Such as"Accompanied by provincial officials to go abroad to visit"Projects such as,Not too high points.But his opponent,Zoomlion CEO ZhanChunXin ranking in the seventh.The results,let"Old rivals"Contest between,With the newest kind of talk.

　

　“责任” "responsibility"

　　排名第23位的伊利股份的CEO潘刚，1992年被分配到伊利集团的前身回民奶食品厂，最初只是本科生，成为伊利董事长后，在中欧工商管理学院攻读了EMBA[微博]学位。他并无海外留学[微博]经验和海外工作经验，“人力资本”得分并不算高，但他的优势之一在于，在伊利工作了整整20年，是最熟悉伊利的人，将企业的发展和社会责任的连接，发挥到最佳状态。

Ranking 23rd of Erie shares PanGang CEO,In 1992, was assigned to Ely group predecessor hui milk food products factory,It was initially undergraduates,Become chairman of Erie,In central college of business administration to study the EMBA [micro bo] degree.He is no overseas study [micro bo] experience and overseas work experience,"Human capital"Score isn't high,But he is one of the advantages,In the Erie work for twenty years,Is the most familiar with Erie people,Will the development of enterprises and social responsibility of the connection,Play to the best state.

　　伊利发展过程中遇到了两次危机，而恰恰是这两次危机成就了潘刚。

Erie development process met two crises,Just these two crises PanGang achievement.

　　2004年，执掌伊利22年、时任董事长郑俊怀等伊利高管因挪用公款案被拘，公司股价经此一役从14元跌至8元多，曾经的乳业老大陷入绝境。此时35岁的潘刚正式升任伊利集团董事长，他决定让媒体记者、投资者参观伊利，接受询问，公开透明的努力下，逐渐将伊利带出阴影。

In 2004,,Yili in 22 years/The chairman of the board of directors and senior ZhengJunHuai yili embezzlement case is being arrested,The company's share price the service from 14 yuan fell more than $8,Once the dairy boss gamblers.At 35 years old PanGang formal advancements Ely group chairman of the board of directors,He decided to let the media reporters/Investors visit Erie,questioned,Transparent efforts,Gradually the Erie will bring out the shadow.

　　后来他被央视评为“2005 年中国经济年度人物”，给予他的颁奖辞是：“挽狂澜于既倒，撑大厦于断梁……”

Later he was awarded CCTV"In 2005, China economic annual figure",Give him the award is one:"Pull raging waves in both fall,Brace building in broken beam……"

　　到了2008年，三聚氰胺事件爆发，伊利遭受重大亏损，潘刚决定邀请消费者来工厂参观，并在工厂中安装摄像头，在各大门户网站进行直播。这是国内食品行业的首个“数字化参观平台”。

By 2008,Melamine incident broke out,Erie suffered heavy losses,PanGang decided to invite consumers to the factory for a visit,And in the factory installed cameras,In the major website to broadcast live.This is the first domestic food industry"Digital visit platform".

　　在暂时平复公众信任危机之后，企业自身的经营危机并未解决。2008年，伊利净利亏损16.87亿元，折合每股亏损2.11元，伊利戴上了ST的帽子。此后潘刚又从奶源地管理等多方面入手，将企业扭亏，2010年6月7日，伊利股份终于摘掉了ST帽子。

In the aftermath of the crisis temporarily remove public trust,Enterprise's management crisis not solved.In 2008,,Erie net loss of 1.687 billion yuan,Reduced loss per share 2.11 yuan,Erie with ST hat.Since then PanGang and from many aspects such as management of mange,Putting the enterprise,On June 7, 2010,Erie shares finally took off ST hat.

　　“潘刚的例子说明，总有一些优势能让你拔得头筹。”高明华说。

"The PanGang examples,There are some advantages can make you topped the."GaoMingHua said.

　

　“富二代” "Rich the second generation"

　　在本报告的1939家上市公司中，CEO 年龄在35岁及以下的仅35家，占样本总数1.8%。其中19人是因为父辈为上市公司的实际控制人而成为CEO，占比为54.3%。

In the report of the 1939 listed companies,CEO age 35 years old and under only thirty-five,Accounted for 1.8% of the total sample.The 19 people because parents for the listed company's actual controller and become a CEO,Accounted for more than 54.3%.

　　“尽管他们具有不同的传承类型和行业区别，但作为青年人和“富二代”，作为上市公司CEO，他们具有的一些普遍特征值得我们进行观察和分析。”高明华说。

"Although they have different inheritance type and industry difference,But as a young and"Rich the second generation",As a public company CEO,They are some of the common feature is worth us carries on the observation and analysis."GaoMingHua said.

　　截至2011年底，上市公司 CEO 平均年龄为48.2岁。而第二代企业家的平均年龄为31.85岁，其中年龄最小的上市公司 CEO 是宜华木业的刘壮青，年仅25岁，他也是中国上市公司中最年轻的CEO。

By the end of 2011,The listed company CEO an average age of 48.2 years.And the second generation entrepreneurs at an average age of 31.85 years,The minimum age of a listed company CEO is appropriate China LiuZhuangQing of wood,Only 25 years old,He is also the most young Chinese listed company CEO.

　　19家样本企业中没有 ST公司，其所处的行业除了有1家是农林牧渔业，1家房地产行业外，其他17家企业都是制造业上市公司，均属于竞争性行业；除2家属中部地区、1家属东北地区外，其他16家企业都来自中国东部地区，其中浙江6家，位居各省第一位，广东3家，福建、山东各2家。

19 sample enterprise without ST company,The place of the industry in addition to have 1 home is animal husbandry and fishery,1 the home real estate industry,Other 17 enterprises are manufacturing listed companies,All belong to competitive industry;In addition to the central region 2 families/1 family outside in northeast China,Other 16 companies are from eastern China,The zhejiang six,The first in the provinces,Guangdong three,fujian/Shandong every two.

　　在上述19家上市公司中，除了联化科技是母女关系、达华智能是母子传承以外，其他17家企业的实际控制人与CEO的关系是父子关系；在这19家公司中，董事长兼任总经理的有4家，东山精密CEO袁永峰和董事长袁永刚是兄弟关系，除此之外的其他14家上市公司的董事长都是由实际控制人担任，并没有完全交给第二代。即使在两职合一的企业中，除了达华智能，其他三家公司创始人还担任控股母公司的负责人，进行遥控指挥。

In the above and listed companies,In addition to united chemical science and technology is the mother-daughter relationship/Dahua intelligence is mother and child outside inheritance,Other companies and the actual controllers of CEO and the relationship between father and son relationship is;In the 19 in the company,The chairman concurrently general manager of four,Dongshan precision YuanYongFeng CEO and chairman of the board of directors YuanYongGang is brotherhood,In addition to the other 14 listed company's chairman of the board of directors is the actual controller as,And not fully to the second generation.Even in two hats in the unity of the enterprise,In addition to dahua intelligent,The other three companies as the founder of the parent company is in charge of the holding,For remote control command.

　　19家样本公司的企业家能力指数的均值是35.82，高于所有上市公司企业家能力指数的均值34.47。

19 the sample company entrepreneur capability indices of the mean is 35.82,Above all the listed company entrepreneur ability index of average 34.47.

　　“很多人把山西海鑫钢铁的李兆会作为第二代的代表，从他参与金融的角度观察第二代企业家的创新特征，但是李兆会走上前台是因为父亲李海仓突然遇害，不具有典型性；达华智能的蔡小如与其说是第二代，倒不如说是第一代。”高明华说。

"Many people put China in shanxi steel LiZhaoHui as a second generation of representative,From his participation in financial perspective the second generation entrepreneurs innovation characteristics,But LiZhaoHui on stage because his father was killed LiHaiCang suddenly,Not typical;Dahua intelligent CaiXiaoRu is not so much the second generation,But rather a first generation."GaoMingHua said.

　　从整个上市公司目前第二代CEO中，倒是福耀玻璃的曹晖拥有一些普遍的第二代特质。

From the listed company at present the second generation of the CEO,It is fuyao glass CaoHui have some common characteristics of the second generation.

　　福耀玻璃工业集团的创始人曹德旺，从承包乡镇企业开始，成为中国最著名的企业家之一。从2006年开始，曹德旺的长子曹晖开始担任福耀玻璃的总经理，迄今已有6年时间。

Fuyao glass industry group CaoDeWang founder,From the township and village enterprises began to contract,Become one of China's most famous entrepreneurs.Starting from 2006,The eldest son of CaoDeWang CaoHui began working as fuyao glass general manager,So far six years.

　　曹晖是个1970年出生的年轻人，高中毕业后在父亲的企业打零工，非常能吃苦。1999 年，福耀集团在美国开拓业务中出现一些问题，曹晖担任美国绿榕玻璃工业有限公司财务总监，后成为公司负责人。

CaoHui is a born in 1970 young people,After graduating from high school in his father's enterprise's doing odd jobs to turn an,Very hard.In 1999,,Fuyao group to expand the business in the United States appeared in some problems,As the United States CaoHui green banyan glass industry co., LTD., chief financial officer,Become the company controller.

　　2001年，美国PPG公司在美国和加拿大对福耀出口的汽车维修玻璃提出反倾销调查申请，福耀从2002年开始被加征 11.8%的反倾销税。曹晖作为前线“总指挥”，在整个过程中对美国对手“又拉又打”，开始在企业运作中崭露头角，凸显第二代企业家的特点。

In 2001,,The United States PPG company in the United States and Canada to fuyao export car maintenance glass on anti-dumping investigation application,Fuyao since 2002 were imposed on 11.8% of the anti-dumping duties.CaoHui as the front"Commander in chief",In the entire process to the opponent"And pull again dozen",Began to come to the fore in the enterprise operation,Highlight the characteristics of the second generation of entrepreneurs.

　　在接受访问时，曹德旺曾讲到儿子曹晖的一个故事：2004年“我在美国的一个好朋友艾伦与福耀做生意，由于仗着跟我的关系，他把曹晖给的价格压得很低。艾伦认为，他是我的朋友，价格低一点也是可以的，并找到我，但曹晖就是不同意，在曹晖看来，如果艾伦的价格低下来，那么其他客户的价格也得按这个低价，否则对别人不公平，这不符合生意场上的游戏规则。最后在曹晖的坚持下，艾伦被迫接受曹晖的价格。”

In an interview,CaoDeWang had talked about CaoHui son of a story:In 2004,"When I was in America, a good friend Alan and fuyao business,Because the relationship between by with me,He put the CaoHui to price pressure very low.Alan think,He is my friend,Low price point is also possible,And find I,But CaoHui just don't agree with,In CaoHui seems,If Allen price low down,So the price of other customers have to press this low price,Or to others is not fair,It does not accord with the business of the rules of the game.Finally in CaoHui insistence,Alan was forced to accept the price of CaoHui."

　　“曹德旺讲起爱子的故事流露出自豪感，不知道他有没有想到这种自豪可能是儿子战略缺失的另一种表达。”高明华说。

"CaoDeWang about aiko story reveals a sense of pride,Don't know did he think of this kind of proud son may be strategic missing another expression."GaoMingHua said.

　　日本管理学家屋太一在《组织的兴衰》中曾经指出，接班人在羽翼下得以存活不外乎有三种路径：一是业务和体制完全模仿前任，不做任何改变；二是完全信赖前任领导重用的亲信、老臣，自己毫不表露意见和意图；三是完全摆脱前任领导的方式。

Japan managerialist house too a in the[Rise and fall of the organization]Once pointed out that in,The successor in the wings to live more than there are three kinds of path:One is the business and system completely imitate the former,Don't make any change;The second is completely trust the former leadership of the reuse of henchmen/The old minister,His opinion without disclosure and intention;Three is completely get rid of the leadership of the former way.

　　高明华说，目前中国上市公司第二代 CEO中，多数属于前面两种情况，即使略有改变思维的曹晖，也只是在日常管理中突显了个人的一些理念，尚无法从战略高度形成新的模式。

GaoMingHua said,China's listed companies in the second generation of CEO,Most belong to the first two kinds of cases,Even if a little change CaoHui thinking,Only in the daily management of highlight the personal some idea,It is not from the strategic form a new pattern.