“没给导师凑过发票？研究生白念了。”在北京一所重点高校的科技活动研讨会上，研二学生杨宁（化名）的一句话引起了全场的骚动。

"Teacher didn't give up a invoice?Graduate student calls the."In Beijing a key university of science and technology conference activities,Research YangNing two students(alias)A word caused the commotion.

　　会议随之从念发言稿跳到自由发言环节：为了评上教授级职称、学科带头人、人才工程的成员，自己的导师如何拿课题经费，削减脑袋，跑关系；为了申报科研项目，导师又是如何走门路，请客送礼，多方打点……他们还抱怨，在这些“看不上眼”的“工作”中，导师又安排自己干了什么。

The meeting then read from speech to free speech link:In order to judge on of the title/The leader in the field of/Talent cultivation project members,His teacher how to hold the project funds,Cut head,Run relationship;In order to declare the scientific research project,Teacher is how to go way,Treat or gift,Rbis in……They also complain that the,In these"dispels"of"work"in,Mentor and arrange your own business.

　

　“坏”导师为何反而变得抢手 "bad"Teacher why it becomes hot

　　一场本是对学生科研项目的研讨，最后演变成对自己导师的“讨伐”，言辞之激烈让在座的多家媒体记者触目惊心，以至于现场负责活动的工作人员不得不中途打断，直接进入总结发言。

This is a scientific research project for students of the discussion,In the evolution of his teacher"Crusade against",The fierce words let our many media reporters deceived,That field is responsible for the activities of the workers have to to interrupt,Speak directly into the summary.

　　杨宁告诉记者，一些导师给学生派的活儿，一看就知道不是基础研究，而是一些外包公司，甚至是导师本人公司的项目。因为涉及商业、专利等问题，学生很难发文章，但是，“为了讨好导师还是要干”。至于为何要“讨好”导师则不言而喻，论文生杀大权在其手里。

YangNing told reporters,Some teachers give students send work,A look at will know that is not the basic research,But some of the outsourcing company,Even teachers I of the company's projects.Because the commercial/Problems such as patent,Students are difficult to send articles,but,"To curry favor with the tutor or to do".As for why"please"Teacher is self-evident,Life and death in the papers in hand.

　　学生也有被“逼急”的时候，早些年轰动一时的上海某高校9博士生炒掉博导就是如此导师长期让学生为自己的公司做项目，而疏于对学生本身学业的指导。

Students also have been"desperate"when,In earlier years hit Shanghai university and a PhD fire doctoral tutor students is so long for your company to do the project,But neglect to the student itself academic guidance.

　　然而，这只是一个极端的情况，当时就有人不无“遗憾”地评论道，这位博士生导师太不会做人，如果他能在学生给自己干私活儿的基础上，分配一些可以做出文章的题目来，也不至于到此地步。

however,This is an extreme case,At that time he was not"sorry"To commented,The tutor will not be too,If he can in the student work for myself on the basis of private work,Some distribution can make the subject to,Also not to the point.

　　当然，渐渐地，杨宁也意识到，有些“技能”，于他本人走向社会，不无“好处”，比如会凑发票，比如会找路子。“我也知道不太好，但这是一种技能，必须要掌握，”他笑了笑继续说，“我只能说，学会了不一定用。”

Of course,gradually,YangNing also realized,some"skills",In his own to society,not"benefits",For instance will gather together the invoice,For instance will find way."I know that is not so good,But this is a skill,Must master,"He smiled continued,"I can only say that,Learned to not use."

　　事实上，经过大学本科4年的锻炼，学生“利己”的苗头已经显现。

In fact,After four years of university undergraduate course of exercise,students"self-care"The symptom that has revealed.

　　研一新生开学抢导师是一个典型的例子。不少接受采访的研究生表示，一般情况下，“坏”导师反而变得十分抢手，因为，在学生们看来，他们能从这类导师那里学到社会上必备的技能，拿到足够的经费，发表足够分量的文章。

A new research on the teacher is a typical example.Many graduate students interviewed said,generally,"bad"Teacher instead become very popular,because,In the students it seems,They can learn from this type of teacher in society the necessary skills,Get enough funds,Published a sufficient amount of articles.

　　抢导师时，送礼请吃饭是常用的招数。研三学生李蒙告诉记者，他“搞掂”导师就花了一番心思：先找一位了解导师的师兄，在饭桌上就把导师的基本资料、喜好、忌讳搞得一清二楚，然后再去找导师，又让“未来师兄”在导师面前“敲敲边鼓”，最后终于如愿以偿。

Rob tutor,Gifts please to have a meal is a common way.Research three students LiMeng told reporters,he"final"They have spent a state of mind:First find a tutor to understand the brother,At the dinner table is the teacher of the basic material/preferences/Taboo clearly understood,Then find a tutor,And let"The future brother"In front of teacher"Knock QiaoBianGu",In the end he succeeded.

　　相比之下，那些默默无闻、专攻学术的导师则是“门前冷落车马稀”。一位已经毕业的研究生告诉记者，他的导师在院系内“口碑极差”，“一天到晚只知道报告和数据，还没做出什么名堂来”，其他教师基本不愿同他打交道。其结果是，3年来，这位导师只招了他一名研究生。

Compared with,In the quiet/Specialize in academic advisor is"The door left out in the cold and thin".A man who had graduated from the graduate student told reporters,His mentor in departments inside"Poor reputation","One day to night only know report and data,Haven't make what title",Other teachers basic don't want to deal with him.The result is,Three years,The teacher only recruit him a graduate student.

　　更为重要的是，当这位学生想回母校读个在职博士时，他发现，报上硕士生导师的名字，负责报名的工作人员都会摇着头说，“你这博士估计没人愿收”。

More important is,When the students want to go back to his Alma mater to read in a Dr.,He found,The supervisors of the name,Responsible for the work of the staff will shook his head,"You this doctor estimates that nobody will accept".

　　

为学分为保研为户口 学生科研项目做假动机各异 To learn is divided into the grind for registered permanent residence students scientific research projects do false motives vary

　　浙江大学校长杨卫院士就曾公开表示，导师与学生的关系已经到了一个恶性互动的地步，并给出导师“十戒”的说法，其中前两条就是戒“光当老板”和“尽做监工”。

Zhejiang university President 39:1098 academician has openly,The relationship between students and teacher has reached a point of malignant interaction,And give teacher"Ten commandments"that,The top two is to quit"Light when the boss"and"Do supervisory".

　　以“光当老板”来说，导师申请来的一个项目动辄几十万元，甚至上千万元，但一些导师并不按规定给学生下发“劳务费”，只是象征性给每月300元到上千元不等就把学生打发了，而科研项目上未尽的费用则多数进了导师个人腰包。如此，学生一方面抱怨自己的“劳务费”过少，另一方面在看明白导师这一行为的同时，会埋下自己将来也要“使坏”的种子。

to"Light when the boss"for,Teacher to apply for a project frequently hundreds of thousands of yuan,Even millions of yuan,But some teacher is not according to regulations issued to the student"Service fee",Just symbolic to 300 yuan a month to thousands of dollars to send the students,And the research project is not the cost of all the most into the teacher individual pockets.so,Students on the one hand complains of his"Service fee"Too little,On the other hand in to see teacher this behavior at the same time,Will be buried their future will"or"seeds.

　　当然，一些大学的“锻造”作用并不止于此。近些年被媒体诟病盛行“官场之风”的一些高校的学生会、学生社团，也为学生提供了练就这种功夫的最好场所。

Of course,Some of the college"forging"Action and more than that.By the media in recent years for"Officialdom wind"Some of the college students/Student associations,Also provides students with the practice of the best places this time.

　　然而，即便是在学生科研这一探索未知的活动中，其动力也多源自于那些已知的功利导向上拿学分、保研、户口加分等等。

however,Even in the students' scientific research this exploration unknown activities,Its power is originated from the known utilitarian orientation and credits/The research/Account points, etc..

　　最新颁布的《国家大学生创新性实验计划项目》明确提出，该项目注重“研究过程”而非“研究成果”。

Promulgated by the latest[National college students' innovative experiment project]Put forward,The project to pay attention to"The research process"Rather than"Research results".

　　然而，学生自身参与的动机却有些不尽人意。浙江大学一份有关大学生科研训练计划（SRTP）的调查显示，当被问及参加该科技项目的主要目的时，选择最多的是获得第二课堂学分，占46.3%；其次是锻炼科研能力，占40%。该项目组分析，近一半的学生把获得第二课堂学分作为参与科技项目的主要目的，体现的是学分对活动的激励，但更是科技项目自身过多依赖外部激励而非内生兴趣的表现。

however,Students' participation motives but some unsatisfactory.Zhejiang university a relevant university students' scientific research training plan(SRTP)Survey shows that,When asked to participate in the science and technology project of the main purposes,Choose the most is the second class credit,Accounted for 46.3%;Second is to exercise scientific research ability,40%.The project team analysis,Nearly half of the students to obtain the second classroom credit participate in science and technology as the main purpose of the project,Reflects the credit activities to the incentive,But more science and technology project their own relied on external motivation rather than the performance of the endogenous interest.

　　北京一所高校大四学生王青（化名）告诉记者，每年到选课时，身边的同学都会“拼了命”地选修带有科研项目的课程，有的甚至让学长提前帮着“占坑”，原因就是为了“拿学分”，而这样的学分也相对“好拿”。

A Beijing university senior student WangQing(alias)Told reporters,When choosing courses to every year,The students around will be"Spelled a life"With scientific research project to take the course,Some even make senior advance help"Of pit",Reason is to"Take credit",This credit is relatively"Take good".

　　记者在一些高校院系中查阅本科生选课表时发现，带有学分的学生科研项目，通常是3学分，高的就达到4学分。对于这样的课程，导师给的成绩也不低。

Reporter in some universities in college undergraduate course selection table access found,With credit students scientific research projects,Is usually 3 credit,High up to 4 credits.For this course,Teacher to achievement is not low.

　　但是，要想让导师给高分，往往会出现这样一种情况，即一些学生所抱怨的“自己申请的课题往往是导师一个大项目的子课题”。而所花费的经费，则还是学校专门拨款给学生科研项目的。这又同时再次让一些学生受到了老师“坏”的教育。

but,Want to let a teacher to give high marks,Often there will be such a situation,That some students have to complain about"Apply for their own subject is often a larger project supervisor corpus".And the cost of funds,The school or special appropriation to students scientific research project.It also again let some students by the teacher"bad"Education of.

　　针对一些全国性的科技赛事，不少在京的高校还有类似这样的规定：如果参加省级及以上的科技竞赛，所修读的课程可以进行加分，加分后的成绩不超过以下标准：考试成绩低于50分的，上限为70分；考试成绩在50~60分的上限为80分；考试成绩在61分以上的，上限为95分。

In view of some national science and technology competition,Many universities in Beijing and such provisions:If attending the provincial level and above technology competition,The curricula can add cent,The results for not more than the standard:Test scores less than fifty points,Upper limit for 70 points;Test scores in fifty to sixty points the upper limit for 80 points;Test scores more than 61 points in the,Upper limit for 95 points.

　　更为吸引人的还有，即便是上海落户的评分标准，也包括科技加分的硬性规定，《非上海生源高校毕业生进沪就业评分办法》称，“经认定的国际性比赛或上述全国性比赛奖项一等奖可加10分，二等奖8分，三等奖6分，全国性地方奖项则依次是5分、3分和1分。”此外，有关专利证书等方面的加分也有涉及。

More attractive and,Even in Shanghai grading criterion,Also include science and technology points of hard and fast rules,[The Shanghai students into Shanghai college graduates employment scoring method]says,"The recognition of the international competition and the first prize in the national competition awards can add 10 points,Second prize of eight points,Third prize 6 points,Where national awards is followed by five points/3 and 1 minute."In addition,The patent certificate, etc plus also have involved.

　　从“世风日下”到“学风沦落” 科教界呼唤科学道德诚信体系

from"Going to the dogs"to"Style reduced" KeJiaoJie call scientific moral integrity system

　　以前说，一些大学生参加社团活动愈加功利化，如今，连做科研项目也是如此。为什么会这样？

Said before,Some college students to participate in community activities more utilitarian,now,Even the research project is also so.Why do you?

　　“中国的大学病了。”不少教育学者这般呐喊，并将大学之病归结于整个社会的浮躁：以前是世风日下，如今高校象牙塔也不免被侵蚀，学风自然沦落。

"Chinese universities is ill."Many education scholars so cry,And the university is attributable to the whole social blundering:Before is going to the dogs,Now the tower of ivory also not be erosion,Style natural reduced.

　　中国科学院院士、北京理工大学校长胡海岩分析，现在大学决策层重视建章立制，规范教育，查处各种失范问题，院系层面也重视学术导向。但这样一些举措的效果目前还差强人意教师对规则都是熟悉的，但急功近利的态势并没有根本扭转；学生经过教育后知晓规则，但每年还是会发现有作弊现象，高技术作弊手段也越来越多。

Chinese academy of sciences/The President of the university of Beijing institute of technology HuHaiYan analysis,Now university decision-making JianZhangLiZhi attention,Standard education,All kinds of problems and disorder,College level also pays great attention to academic orientation.But the effect of such measures is still barely satisfactory teachers to rules are familiar,But get rich quick trend is not a fundamental change;Students through education that rules after,But every year or will find the phenomenon of cheating,Cheating in high technology means more and more.

　　换句话说，在知晓规则和利害关系的情况下，如果有更大的利益在引导着老师和学生，他们一定还会想办法钻尽现有规则的空子。

In other words,In the know rules and interests in case,If there is a greater interest in guiding the teacher and students,They must also will be looking for ways to take advantage of the loopholes in the current rules drill.

　　从这个意义上来说，如果一味地探讨如何提高学生或教师的道德水平，或许显得有些治标不治本。

In this sense,If blindly to discuss how to improve the students or teachers' moral level,Maybe appear some take temporary solution not effect a permanent cure.

　　问题的关键还是落到了“利益引导”上，而这里的引导并不仅仅是科教界论文或职称评价导向，更是指整个社会大风气。胡海岩说，在当前急功近利的社会，各种坑蒙拐骗，突破道德底线的行为，不可避免地会对师生产生重要的影响；各种没有任何规范的“增刊”、“文集”、“编著”，也在诱惑学者。

The key to the problem or down to"Interests lead"on,And the guide is not just a KeJiaoJie thesis or professional title evaluation guide,But also refers to the entire social atmosphere.HuHaiYan said,In the current society get rich quick,Various KengMeng kidnaping,Breakthrough morals behavior,Inevitably has important influence to the teachers and students;All kinds of no standard"supplement"/"corpus"/",",Also in the temptation scholars.

　　一个明显的例子是，当下高校课程设置奉行的就是社会上流行的实用主义原则，“一切为了就业”已成了不二法则凡是与就业关系不大的专业、课程，不是被砍，就是无人问津；反之则无比吃香。

An obvious example is,The university curriculum pursues is social fashion pragmatism,"All for the employment"Not 2 law has become the who and employment relationship is not professional/course,Not be cut,Is deserted;Otherwise, very popular.

　　于是，有人将此戏称为高校产业化、工业化以前高校是走在社会前面，现在是跟在后面跑。

so,Someone will this calls for the industrialization/Industrialization before the university is walking in front of society,It is with was running behind.

　　钱理群曾以其亲身遭遇说明此种现象的严重性。2007年暑假，他在一个大学师资培训班上讲完课，一位大学老师向他提出了一个要求，要其举例说明：他的鲁迅课对学生今后就业有什么促进作用。他听了大吃一惊，一时语塞，甚至有点手足无措，感觉心在隐隐作痛。他感慨道，今天的大学，真的成了蔡元培先生所说的“养成资格之所”，“贩卖知识之所”，成了“职业培训班”了。

QianLiQun once with its own encounters with the seriousness of the phenomenon that.My summer holiday in 2007,He in a university teacher training course on finished class,A university teacher to he put forward a request,To the examples:His LuXunKe for students' future job what promote role.He listened to the surprise,The cat got her tongue,Even a bit overwhelmed,To feel the heart throbbing.He regrets way,Today's university,It was Mr. CAI yuanpei said"Form of qualification","Sale of knowledge",became"Vocational training"the.

　　中国工程院院士、中国工程院原副院长杜祥琬也在感慨，当下一些高校的科研和教学环境，是单位追求排名、荣誉；个人追求评价、利益、金钱、权力；其结果必然导致钻营、急功近利、关系学充斥；时间精力花在运作、包装、应付评估，甚至造假、剽窃等，不择手段；恶性竞争，互相排斥，无诚信可言，却仍自我安慰“社会都是这样”。

Chinese academy of engineering/Former vice President of Chinese academy of engineering DuXiang Wan also in regrets,Then some of the scientific research and teaching environment,Is the unit in pursuit/honor;Personal pursuit evaluation/interests/money/power;The result will inevitably lead to hack/Get rich quick/Relations with;Time and energy spent on operation/packaging/Cope with evaluation,Even false/Plagiarism, etc,By hook or by crook;Vicious competition,Repel each other,Without integrity in,Still comfort"Society is such".

　　对此，这位老院士很无奈，“当下并无十分有效的建议”，但是一个明确的方向是，“学术环境、学术生态”的再造是紧迫而具战略性的。他告诉记者，快速发展中的中国，客观上对人才和创新成果有很强的需求，与此同时，处在社会转型阶段，信仰缺失、诚信缺失、体制性弊端的大环境问题，在教育界、科技界有深刻而普遍的反映。那么，整个科教界都需要下大力气构建以自律为核心、教育、制度、文化、法制、监督相结合的科学道德诚信体系。（作者：邱晨辉 ）

this,The old academician very helpless,"Then there is no very effective Suggestions",But a clear direction is,"Academic environment/Academic ecological"The reconstruction is urgent and strategic.He told reporters,The rapid development of China,Objective to talents and innovation achievement have very strong demand,meanwhile,In the period of social transition,Belief flaw/discredit/Institutional disadvantages of environment problems,In education/Scientific and technological circles have profound and widespread reflect.so,The whole KeJiaoJie all need the goal to construct the self-discipline as the core/education/system/culture/Legal system/Supervision and combination of scientific moral integrity system.(The author:High sunlight )