之所以称其“史上最严”，是因按照规定，论文造假者3年内将无法再申请学位。不仅如此，《办法》对论文造假者为在职人员这个以往的制度“盲点”也作出明确规定，“若为在职人员，学位授予单位除给予纪律处分外，还将通报其所在单位。” 论文造假者撤销学位

Is called the"The most severe in the history of",Because according to the regulation,The paper fraudsters three years will not be able to apply for degree.Not only that,[way]Paper fraudsters on-the-job personnel for the previous system"Blind spot"Also made specific provision,"If on-the-job personnel,Degree-conferring unit in addition to give the disciplinary action,Will report its place unit." The paper fraudsters degree revoked? ?? ?[相关]论文“造假”者 学位将.. |  教育部称论文“造假”者..

[related] paper"misconducts"The degree will be.. |  The ministry of education says the paper"misconducts"Person..

　　在对《办法》的出台欢欣鼓舞之余，如何落实到位，不让论文打假成“假打”，则成为公众关注的焦点。

In the[way]The policy of encouraging more than the,How to put in place,Don't let paper to crack down on counterfeit goods"False play",Becomes the focus of public concern.

“学术繁荣” "Academic prosperity"

还是“造假泛滥” or"Fraud flood"

　　根据媒体报道，“我国科技人员发表的期刊论文数量，已经超过美国，位居世界第一”。可是用百度搜索“代写论文”，居然有479万个结果，令人瞠目。你们了解到的论文作假情况是怎样的？危害如何？

According to media reports,"China's scientific and technological personnel of published journal articles quantity,Has already surpassed the United States,First in the world".But in baidu search"Write essays",Actually there are 4.79 million results,amazing.Do you understand the paper false situation is what kind of?Harm how to?

　　葛剑雄：在高校、学术界，学位论文作假的情况存在已久，而且已经相当普遍。

GeJianXiong:In colleges and universities/academia,The dissertation false information is already a long time,And has been quite common.

　　胡翼青：论文作假主要有两种，一种是为别人代写，一个付款，一个写作。第二种是“复制+粘贴”，尤其是文科，抄来抄去。还有人逼着学生写文章，然后在发表时把学生的名字拿掉，有的教授一年写出四五十篇，不是“水”是什么？试问什么样的论文能够一年写四五十篇？

HuYiQing:There are two main types of false papers,A is for others to write,A payment,A writing.The second is"Copy + paste",Especially the liberal arts,Copy to copy to.Others make students to write this article,Then in the published the names of the students take off,Some professors write a year between article,not"water"Is what?Ask what kind of paper can be written in a forty or fifty article?

　　葛剑雄：如果再不采取措施，这种风气一旦形成，今后很难纠正。高校学生、教师都是社会栋梁、社会精英，如果一个人在学生时期就形成这样的学风，不仅对其本人，而且对我国总体的学术质量、国际形象都会造成不良后果。

GeJianXiong:If you don't take measures,This kind of atmosphere once formed,It is difficult to correct in the future.College students/The teacher a pillar of society/Social elite,If a person in the student period of the formation of such style,Not only to its own,And to our country the overall academic quality/The international image will cause undesirable consequence.

　　编辑点评：因为论文数量特别多，有人看到了“繁荣”，有人看到了“泛滥”。而事实上，貌似花团锦簇的“学术繁荣”后面，其实夹杂着无数“谎花”，甚至是颇具致命诱惑的“罂粟”。有这样一个令人警醒的数字，虽然我们拥有“论文数量世界第一”的头衔，但论文的平均引用率却排在世界100名开外，美国《科学》杂志对中国论文的拒稿率高达98%。

Edit comments on:Because the number of papers much more special,Some people have seen"prosperity",Some people have seen"flood".In fact,Seemingly blossoms"Academic prosperity"behind,In fact with countless"Fruitless flower",Even a deadly temptation"poppy".There is a a vigilant digital,Although we have"The paper number first"title,But the average rate of reference papers in the world but row 100 away,The United States[science]Magazine in China from paper draft rate reaches as high as 98%.

“史上最严” "The most severe in the history of"

还是“史上最难” or"The history of"

　　《办法》向学术不端宣战。局外人赞其“史上最严”，内行人却连连道“难”，请问两位老师，你们怎么看？

[way]Academic misconduct to declare war.Outsider praise the"The most severe in the history of",Professional is a way"difficult",Excuse me, two teachers,What do you think?

　　葛剑雄：《办法》虽然出台了，但怎么发现学位论文作假行为？靠基层报上来，根本没人报。如果靠举报，大量举报都是匿名的，也不是都准确，那么匿名举报是处理好还是不处理好？

GeJianXiong:[way]Although issued a,But how to find degree thesis fraud?On the base to come up,Nobody quote.If, by reporting,A large number of reports are anonymous,Nor are accurate,So for anonymous reporting is to deal well with it or not?

　　胡翼青：《办法》落实的关键在于如何取证，而不在于查实后如何惩罚。如果文章是代笔，在买卖论文时将知识产权一并卖掉，买卖双方不说，很难查出来。

HuYiQing:[way]Implementation of the key lies in how to obtain evidence,But does not lie in how to verify the punishment.If the article is a ghost,In the business papers to intellectual property rights to sell together,Buyers and sellers don't say,Difficult to check it out.

　　葛剑雄：《办法》难执行，难在标准很难定，比如抄袭，到底什么程度算抄？如果学生把抄来的文章改头换面，就很难发现。再一个，认定难。以复旦的学术规范委员会为例，因为找不到证据，有的事件调查一两年都很难做出结论。还有很多领域的文章本身相似度就很大，判断起来很困难。

GeJianXiong:[way]Difficult to implement,Is the standard is difficult to set,Such as copy,What degree is copy?If the student to copy the article change the appearance,It is hard to find.another,That difficult.To fudan academic standard committee as an example,I can not find the evidence,Some accident investigation one or two years were difficult to make conclusion.There are many areas of article itself similarity is very big,It's difficult to judge.

　　胡翼青：再一个难在师生“连坐”。《办法》规定，“未履行学术道德和学术规范教育、论文指导和审查把关等职责，其指导的学位论文存在作假情形的，学位授予单位可以给予警告、记过处分；情节严重的，可以降低岗位等级直至给予开除处分或者解除聘任合同。”在抄袭论文这方面，导师“连坐”是应当的，说明这个老师没有用心指导、不用功；但如果文章是私下找人代写的，老师也很难发现，要老师“连坐”就有点过于机械。

HuYiQing:Another is the teachers and students"sit".[way]provisions,"Fails to fulfill the academic morality and academic standard education/Thesis guidance and review checks and so on duty,The thesis guidance exist false situation,Degree-conferring unit can be given a warning/gig;If the circumstances are serious,Can reduce the post level until give fire sanctions or terminate the employment contract."In copying this paper,tutor"sit"it,The teacher didn't you know that/Don't work hard;But if the article is written for someone in private,The teacher is hard to find,To the teacher"sit"Just a little too mechanical.

　　葛剑雄：有的学院、学校会包庇学生，不配合，不提供证据。因为学生要毕业、就业，有的文章又会牵扯到老师、领导，这是很现实的问题，要考虑执行的难度。

GeJianXiong:Some college/The school will shield students,Don't fit,Do not provide evidence.In order for students to graduate/employment,Some articles and will be involved in the teacher/leadership,This is a very practical problem,To consider the difficulty of implementation.

　　胡翼青：如果上有政策、下有对策，《办法》就会变成“纸老虎”。

HuYiQing:If the policy/XiaYouDuiCe,[way]Will become"Paper tiger".

　　葛剑雄：我们也有对打“苍蝇”不打“老虎”的担心。比如一篇涉嫌抄袭的文章涉及院长书记，署名是院长和学生合署，那么，如果学生一口咬定是自己干的，又没有证据，就很难认定到底是谁的责任。

GeJianXiong:We also have rallied"flies"Don't play"The tiger"worry.Such as a suspected of plagiarism in this paper the secretary,Signature is dean and students' offices,so,If students contended is dry,And there is no evidence,It is hard to that who is responsibility.

　　编辑点评：因为“严”，所以“难”。执行难是很多《办法》甚至法律法规流于形式的根本原因，《办法》要想落实好，还需要具体可行的操作措施，合理规范的执法标准。

Edit comments on:because"strict",so"difficult".It is difficult to enforce the law is a lot[way]Even laws and regulations become a mere formality of the root cause,[way]To implement,Still need to concrete operating measures,Reasonable standard law enforcement standard.

“扬汤止沸” "A temporary redress"

还是“釜底抽薪” or"FuDeChouXin"

　　论文之所以造假泛滥，一个重要原因可能出在评价机制上。不论是实践性很强的中小学教师、执业医师，还是高校研究人员，都要通过一纸论文来论英雄。请问二位老师，你们觉得学位论文造假的根子在哪里？

The thesis fraud flood,One important reason may be out in the evaluation mechanism.Both practical primary and secondary school teachers/Practicing doctors,Or university researchers,The paper a paper of the hero.Excuse me, two teachers,What do you think of the dissertation fraud source in where?

　　胡翼青：现在评教授动辄就要求15篇核心期刊论文，还要求在国外期刊发表文章。教育制度在评价教育成果上有问题，只看“产品”论文，而不看那些不可见的，比如言传身教、为人师表等。于是，教育就变成商品生产，学生就成了流水线上的产品。

HuYiQing:Now professor evaluation frequently requires 15 article core journal articles,It also requires in foreign periodicals published articles.Education system in education evaluation results have a problem,Only look at"products"The paper,And don't see the invisible,Such as the precept/Model and a.so,Education become commodity production,The students became products on the assembly line.

　　葛剑雄：学位论文造假这么普遍，也有社会和制度上的原因。因为在提拔、选拔干部时，有片面看重学历的现象。复旦这一点就做得非常好，原中文系主任陈思和就是本科学历，因为复旦在任用干部时没有学历方面的规定。为什么有的地方在选拔任用干部的时候非要搞一个学历呢？这说明选拔任用标准有片面性，这就是怎么在制度上消除滋生腐败的土壤。

GeJianXiong:Degree thesis fraud so prevalent,Also have social and institutional reasons.Because in the promotion/When selecting cadres,A one-sided value degree phenomenon.Fudan it'll do very well,The director of the department of Chinese literature, ChenSiHe is bachelor degree,Because fudan in appointing cadres, no degree requirements.Why do some place in the selection and appointment of cadres must make a degree?This shows that the selection and appointment of standard have one-sidedness,This is how the elimination of corruption in the system of the soil.

　　胡翼青：做研究，本应该是对研究有兴趣、有天赋，有强大的热爱，成就动机很强的人才能来写论文。有了兴趣，有做研究的强大动力，才能从根本上杜绝学位论文作假。

HuYiQing:Do research,This should be interested in research/talented,Have strong love,Achievement motivation strong talent to write a paper.Got interested in,A study of a powerful driving force,To fundamentally eliminate false degree thesis.

　　编辑点评：面对论文造假泛滥，应该扬汤止沸，还是釜底抽薪？答案不言自明。培养学术兴趣、改革评价制度、消除“唯学历论”，两位教授开出了药方。但药方虽好，还需辨证施治。如，研究生能不能不以论文优劣论短长？评职称能不能不以论文数量论英雄？提拔干部能不能不以学历定“门槛”？这些需要社会各部门的通力合作。衷心希望《办法》只是一个“药引子”，根治顽疾的“组合药方”在后面。

Edit comments on:In the face of the thesis fraud flood,Should be a temporary redress,Or FuDeChouXin?I already knew the answer.Culture academic interest/Reform evaluation system/eliminate"Only XueLiLun",Two professors offer prescription.But medicine is good,Still need to pattern identification and treatment.if,Graduate students can be YouLieLun short-long paper?Professional evaluation can be paper quantity theory hero?Promote cadres can be set in"threshold"?These needs social each department's cooperation.Sincerely hope that[way]Is just a"YaoYinZi",Ill effect a radical cure of"Combination prescription"In the back.

　　记者 张 烁

The performance of reporter zhang

　　嘉宾：葛剑雄 复旦大学教授

guests:GeJianXiong fudan university professor

　　胡翼青 南京大学新闻传播学院副教授

HuYiQing nanjing university institute of journalism and communication, an associate professor