熊秉明先生曾说“书法是中国文化核心的核心”，这句话在云南师范大学书法专业首次招生时，似乎得到了验证：计划招生20名，3000多人报名。但考生们如此巨大的热情并没有催生更多的书法专业出现在云南的高校里。截至目前，云南仅有云师大和云南艺术学院开设了书法相关专业。

Mr. XiongBingMing said"Calligraphy is the core of the core of Chinese culture",This sentence in yunnan normal university calligraphy professional when recruit students for the first time,Seems to be verified:Plan recruit students and name,The more than 3000 people.But students such great enthusiasm and gave no more calligraphy professional appeared in yunnan university.So far,Yunnan only YunShiDa and yunnan academy of art opened the calligraphy related major.

尴尬困境 Awkward predicament

只是方向不是专业 But the direction is not professional

　　在中国文化中，书法是最重要的代表。在建立中国文化体系的过程中，书法是不可忽略的因素之一。书法扎根于中国文化，书法艺术是中国特有的一种艺术表现形式；中国书法教育，成形于私塾教育，而在西学教育模式的格局下，书法教育的尴尬显而易见。

In Chinese culture,Calligraphy is the most important representative.In the establishment of China's culture in the process of the system,Calligraphy is one of the factors that should not be neglected.Calligraphy rooted in Chinese culture,The art of calligraphy is unique to China a kind of art form;Chinese calligraphy education,Forming in private education,And in western education model of pattern,Calligraphy education awkward is obvious.

　　近年来，虽然大学书法教育如雨后春笋般出现，以中国美术学院、中央美术学院和南京艺术学院等为代表的美术院校在书法教育上已形成了一定的教育理念和办学模式，但在现代高等教育中，书法作为一门独立的学科，到现在还未真正实现。

In recent years,Although university calligraphy education were springing up appear,With China academy of fine arts/The central academy of fine arts and nanjing art institute and so on as the representative of the art academy in calligraphy education has formed a certain education idea and mode of running,But in the modern higher education,Calligraphy as an independent discipline,To now have not yet realize.

　　从历史上看，魏晋开始，书法就已经是独立的学科了，而在现代高等教育中，虽已经有书法本科生、硕士生和博士生，毕业也可拿文凭、授学位，但在大学专业设置中，书法还只是美术等专业下的一个方向，还不是真正意义上的“书法专业”。而更为尴尬的是，目前高等书法教育学科方向不太明确，而大学书法专业办学多年，到目前为止，还没有一个全国统一的、完整的教学大纲，更不要说统一的教材了。这是目前我国高等书法教育发展中遇到的最大、最突出的问题。而这样的问题，在云南更为突出。

From a historical point of view,Wei jin began to,Calligraphy was independent of the subject,In modern higher education in,Although have calligraphy undergraduates/Master's and doctoral,Graduation can also take the diploma/Degree awarding,But in college professional setting,Calligraphy is a professional art direction,Is not real"Calligraphy professional".And more is embarrassing,At present higher calligraphy education discipline direction is not too clear,And college calligraphy professional school for many years,So far,Is not a national unified/Complete the syllabus,Not to mention unified teaching material.This is the current our country's higher education development of calligraphy in the maximum/The most prominent problem.And this problem,In yunnan is more outstanding.

　　在中原、江浙一带，传统文化根深蒂固，书法有深厚的社会基础。近年来，这些地方的高校书法教育迅猛发展，培养了大批书法专业人才。虽然云南也有不少书法家取得了令人瞩目的成就，但受地域等因素影响，云南书法的整体实力和水平远远落后于这些书法大省，如果高等教育再不发挥其应有的作用，这种差距只会越来越大。

In the central plains/The jiangsu and zhejiang area,Traditional culture deeply,Calligraphy has the deep social base.In recent years,These local college calligraphy education rapid development,Cultivate a large number of professional talents of calligraphy.Although there are many calligrapher in yunnan province has achieved remarkable achievement,But the impact of factors such as the region,Yunnan calligraphy overall strength and level far behind these calligraphy province,If higher education doesn't play its proper role,The gap will become more and more big.

　　在师资方面，高校书法专业教师严重不足也是制约书法专业发展的重要原因。云师大书法专业目前只有两位专业老师；云艺开设书法专业后，采用多种方式，想引进或招聘高学历的书法教师，但至今仍未引来“凤凰”。在拟定教学计划，确定所开设的课程时，各高校也只能根据现有师资力量进行课程安排，开设课程的不规范性，更凸显出书法专业的尴尬境地。

The staff in,The calligraphy is a serious shortage of professional teachers professional development restricts the calligraphy of the important reasons.YunShiDa calligraphy professional at present only two professional teachers;YunYi after open calligraphy professional,Use a variety of ways,Want to introduce or recruiting highly educated calligraphy teacher,But still do not draw"The order of the phoenix".In the teaching plan worked,To determine when the courses that,The university also can according to the existing teachers strength and the course arrangement,Open course not normative,More highlights the calligraphy professional embarrassing position.

探究缘由 Explore the reason

担心就业成制约因素 Worry about employment into restricting factors

　　云南大学是目前云南省唯一一所进入国家“211工程”的高校，学校本科共设有80个专业，其中没有书法专业。

Yunnan university in yunnan province is currently the only into the country"211 project"university,There will be a total of 80 school undergraduate professional,Not one of them calligraphy professional.

　　记者在采访云南大学艺术与设计学院院长李森时得知，虽然李院长自己很喜爱书法艺术，而且有一定的研究，但他对书法的偏爱并没有诱导他在开设书法专业上跨出第一步，“学院暂时没有开设书法专业的设想”。

Reporters interviewed in yunnan university, dean of the college of art and design LiSenShi know,Although lee dean himself very love the art of calligraphy,And there are certain research,But his calligraphy preferences and no induced him to open in calligraphy professional step out of the first step,"College has not been set up calligraphy professional ideas".

　　李森认为，中国人的情怀很重要的一部分就体现在文字中，书法教育是中国人成长中必不可少的经历，也是文化参与的必经之路，在他看来“字都写不好，还能干什么”。但说到开设书法专业的相关问题时，李森道出了不开设书法专业的原因：“就业困难”。就业困难会导致生源短缺，而办学效率低也是学校不愿意投入人力和物力的主要因素，而师资力量的不足也是制约书法专业发展瓶颈。

P leyshan think,The feelings of the Chinese people a very important part of are embodied in the text,Chinese calligraphy education is essential to the growth of the experience,Is the only way of cultural participation,In his view"Words are written bad,Do what".But when it comes to open calligraphy professional related problems,P leyshan recognizes do not open calligraphy professional reasons:"Employment difficult".Employment difficulty will lead to the shortage of students,And the low efficiency is also the school is not willing to into the main factors of manpower and material resources,And the shortage of the teachers professional development bottleneck restriction and calligraphy.

　　毕业于中国人民大学的成联方是云南省目前唯一的一名书法博士，他任教于云南大学，云大艺术与设计学院的很多专业都开设有书法选修课，成联方在创作与研究的同时，也为艺术与设计院的本科生上课。他希望云大能开设独立的书法专业，以培养更多的书法专业人士。“书法不同于绘画或者其他艺术门类”，他认为，云南大学要培养的书法专业学生，应该具有文字学、文学、传统经学以及书法史论，当然还要有书法创作等这些学问，才能称之为较为全面的专业人士。

Graduated from China people's university into union party in yunnan province is currently the only a calligraphy doctor,He taught at the yunnan university,Cloud big art and design institute of the many professional are opened calligraphy elective course,Into the union square in the creation and research at the same time,Also for art and design institute of undergraduate class.He hopes to cloud open independent calligraphy professional,To develop more calligraphy professionals."Calligraphy is different from paintings or other art categories",He thinks,Yunnan university to cultivate students majoring in calligraphy,Should have philology/literature/The traditional Confucian classics and history of calligraphy,Of course have calligraphy creation these knowledge,To call comprehensive professional personage.

　　陈鸿翎是云南艺术学院副教授、云南省书协副主席。基于云南书法现状，陈鸿翔对云南书法的未来有些担忧：每年入选国展的书法作品仅二三件；云南仅有全国书协会员80多人，而江苏有680人之多。陈鸿翎认为，云南书法艺术缺少优秀的书法家，云南更缺少书法的社会基础。因此，他认为云南书法高等教育除了要培养高素质书法人才外，还承担着一个重要的职能和责任，那就是弘扬和传承传统文化。接受过正规书法教育的专业人士进入社会后，通过他们的宣传和影响，会让更多人了解书法这门中国特有的优秀的传统文化、让更多人喜欢并能欣赏与理解这门艺术及其价值，这也是书法得以传承和发展的社会基础。书法的普及化教育，能够培育国民与青少年的综合文化素养，提高审美水平，“成教化，助人伦”。

ChenHongLing is an associate professor of yunnan academy of art/Vice chairman of yunnan calligrapher.Based on the current situation of yunnan calligraphy,ChenHongXiang of yunnan calligraphy of some concerns about the future:In a year of both calligraphy only two or three parts;Yunnan national calligrapher only more than 80 members,Jiangsu province and more than 680.ChenHongLing think,Yunnan calligraphy art lack of outstanding calligrapher,Yunnan calligraphy more lack the social basis.so,He thinks that yunnan calligraphy higher education in addition to cultivate the high-quality talents the calligraphy,Also takes an important function and responsibility,That is to carry forward and inheriting the traditional culture.Have a formal calligraphy education professionals into society after,Through their propaganda and influence,Will let more people understand the calligraphy this door unique Chinese excellent traditional culture/Let more people like and be able to appreciate and understand the art and its value,This is also the calligraphy to inheritance and development of the social basis.Calligraphic universalness education,To cultivate national and adolescent comprehensive cultural quality,Improve aesthetic level,"Into enlightenment,Help ethics".

走近学生 Approached students

百里挑一，苦乐自知 Cream of the crop,Sweet and sour self-knowledge

　　2012年，云师大第一次招收书法专业的学生，计划招生20名，报名的有3000多人，真正的百里挑一，最后招收了36人，云南本省生源仅有5人。

In 2012,,YunShiDa first recruit calligraphy professional students,Plan recruit students and name,More than 3000 people enrolled,The real cream of the crop,Finally enrolled 36 people,Yunnan province students only five people.

　　伍晓是云南师范大学书法专业的第一批学生，小时候爷爷给村邻写对联的记忆在他读高中时得到了复苏，他选择了书法专业，“很喜欢，但学得越深感觉越难”。旷尉也是书法专业的学生，她表现出了对书法这门艺术未来的担忧，有了计算机，很多人字都不愿意写，更别说练书法，“我更愿意当书法老师，在书法的传承上做出自己的努力”。

WuXiao is yunnan normal university calligraphy professional first batch of students,When I was a child my grandpa to village adjacent writing couplets memory in he read high school got recovery,He chose professional calligraphy,"like,But learn the deeper the more difficult the feeling".The desert is taken calligraphy professional students,She showed the art of calligraphy future worries,A computer,Many words do not want to write,Let alone practice calligraphy,"I prefer when calligraphy teacher,In the calligraphy of the lineage to make their own efforts".

　　云南艺术学院书法专业的开设凝结了副教授陈鸿翎很多心血，从考察、筹办、招生，到教学计划的制定，他都亲自参与。在半年多的教学中，陈鸿翎与书法专业的学生们建立了深厚的感情。虽然云艺去年只招收了20多名书法专业的学生，但报名的有2000多人，“优中选优”，陈鸿翎介绍，书法专业的学生都是因为喜欢书法才报考的，学生素质好、基础好是这批学生的特点；马祥和老师多年在高校从事教学工作，教授书法、中国画、篆刻等课程，他的感觉是，书法专业的学生学习特别刻苦认真。

Yunnan academy of art calligraphy professional open condensation the associate professor ChenHongLing lot,From the investigation/for/Recruit students,To the teaching plan,He personally participate in.More than half a year in the teaching,ChenHongLing and calligraphy professional students establish a deep feelings.Although YunYi recruits only the last two dozen calligraphy professional students,But the application of more than 2000 people,"Optimal selection among",ChenHongLing introduced,Calligraphy student because like calligraphy to enter oneself for an examination,Students' quality good/Foundation is the characteristics of this group of students;MaXiang and teachers in colleges and universities for many years engaged in the teaching work,Professor calligraphy/Chinese painting/Seal courses,He feels is,Calligraphy professional students' learning especially hard seriously.

　　学校放假了，严方却没收拾行李，她说书法班里有好多同学都不忙着回家，他们准备在学校呆到过年前再走，“在学校大家一起练习书法，形成一个特定的氛围，相互影响，提高更快。”严方说，她一点也不觉得苦，“也许是乐在其中吧！”。陈鸿翎从学生身上看到了办书法专业的希望，即便困难重重，云南艺术学院也在积极运作，准备2013年成立书法系，完成云南书法高等教育的又一次蜕变。

School has been canceled,YanFang but not pack,She said the calligraphy class has a lot of students are not home,They are going to stay in school to go before Chinese New Year,"In the school practice calligraphy together,Form a particular atmosphere,Influence each other,Improve faster."YanFang said,She didn't feel a bit bitter,"Maybe it is fun!".ChenHongLing from student body see do calligraphy professional hope,Even if the difficulties,Yunnan academy of art are actively functioning,Founded in 2013 to calligraphy system,Complete yunnan higher education of calligraphy and a transformation.

思考未来 Thinking of the future

坚守是成功的基本条件 Stick to the basic conditions is successful

　　云大之所以至今未开设书法专业，学生就业是老师们思考最多的问题，与老师的顾虑重重形成对照的，是书法专业学生对未来就业的淡定。采访中，很多书法专业的学生对未来都没有太多忧虑，“先把书法练好，把基本功打牢，到大三、大四再考虑就业的事情。”

The cloud big has not set up calligraphy professional,Students' employment is the teachers think most of the problems,And the teacher's scruples of contrast,Calligraphy is professional students to future employment of calm.interview,A lot of calligraphy professional students are not too much worry about the future,"First practice calligraphy,The basic skills to play fast,To junior/Senior to consider employment things."

　　陈鸿翎知道，现在孩子的择业观已经发生了很大改变，“越来越多的学生更愿意选择他们自己喜欢的事业，而不是把一个稳定、但自己并不喜欢的工作当做一种追求。”“寒灯夜雨，汲汲数年”，潜心多年于书画研究的陈鸿翎认为，“艺术一定是凭兴趣出发”，只有“热爱”，才能坚守；而坚守，是获得成功的基本条件，“板凳坐得十年冷”，在这种思想的指引下，书法专业学生在就业选择上有了更为广阔的空间。

ChenHongLing know,Now that the children are corrected has produced very big change,"More and more students are more willing to choose their own favorite cause,Rather than a stable/But don't like to work as a kind of pursuit.""Cold light night,Get busy years",For many years with great concentration in painting and calligraphy research ChenHongLing think,"Art must be based on interest",only"love",To stick to;And stick to,Success is the basic conditions,"The bench to sit ten years cold",In this under the guidance of thought,Calligraphy professional students in employment choice a broader space.

　　云师大书法专业的老师对学生的未来却不担心，原因是很多地方的中小学都要求开设书法课，而专业的书法老师少之又少，中小学书法教育师资队伍严重不足，很多学校都由语文或美术老师兼任，这非常不利于书法的普及性教育。师范院校书法专业的学生毕业后，很大一部分人可以弥补这一空缺。

YunShiDa calligraphy professional teacher to student's future but don't worry,Reason is that many local elementary and middle schools are required to open calligraphy class,And professional calligraphy teacher few and far between,Primary and secondary school calligraphy education teachers team seriously insufficient,Many schools are made by Chinese or art teacher concurrently,It is very unfavorable to the universality of calligraphy education.Normal college calligraphy professional students after graduation,Quite a few people who can make up for the vacancy.

　　对于蓬勃发展的书法高校教育和就业冲突，成联方有他自己的见解，他认为目前大多数学校书法专业培养的是“写字的能力”，而社会对写毛笔字的专业人士之需求是有限的，长此以往地进行教学，必然导致供大于求。他认为这就是包括像中国美院这些重点学校的毕业生也很难找到工作的关键原因。成联方希望书法专业的学生能从文科学生中去选择。“这样的学生，既有利于他们远大抱负的实现，也有如进入硕士、博士这样的层次进一步发展。这也有利于学生就业问题的解决。”成联方说，他现在带着两位书法硕士，他随时在思考如何把学生带成全国最优秀的书法硕士。他要求学生在硕士期间，除了创作，还要通读文字学、经学经典、书论、画论等，“有的研究为他们补上了很重要的一课”。如果高校书法教育注意到学生综合素质的培养，使学生成为具有多种能力的人才，也就大大减少了就业困难。

For the vigorous development of college education and employment calligraphy conflict,Into the league party has his own opinion,He argues that the current most school calligraphy is professional training"Writing ability",And in writing brush calligraphy society of professional demand is limited,In the long run on teaching,Inevitably leads to supply exceeds demand.He thinks this is like China (including the key school graduates is hard to find work of the key reasons.Into the league party hope calligraphy professional students can from the liberal arts students to choose."Such students,Is not only beneficial to the realization of their great ambitions,Also like into the master/Doctor that level further development.This also is helpful for students to solve the employment problem."Into union party said,He is now with two calligraphy master,He is always thinking about how the students to bring into the country's most outstanding calligraphy master.He asked the students during the master,In addition to the creation,Also we may read philology/Confucian classic/ShuLun/Theory of painting, etc,"Some research for they make up a very important lesson".If the calligraphy education pay attention to the cultivation of students' comprehensive quality,To make the students become a variety of skills talents,Also greatly reduces the employment difficulty.

记者手记 Reporter notes

回归之旅 Return trip

需要引路人 Need to guide

　　书法是中华民族的一个符号，代表了中国文化博大精深和民族文化的永恒魅力。但在中国传统文化受到冷落的时代，书法也不例外地受到排挤与重创。

Calligraphy is a symbol of the Chinese nation,On behalf of the Chinese culture broad and profound national culture and the eternal charm.But in Chinese traditional culture, influenced by The Times,Calligraphy is no exception by crowding out and hit.

　　好在，传统文化回归成为越来越多人的理想。对于书法爱好者，尚古与回归成为一种潮流。“没有继承就不会有书法艺术的创新和发展”，陈鸿翎、马祥和、成联方，他们在自己坚持创作的同时，以他们丰富的人生经历、渊博的学识和丰满的人格魅力影响、指导着新一代的“书写者”。“有很多好苗子”是他们共同的感受，这些好苗子只有得到更好的教育，才能茁壮成长。高校书法教育，为他们搭建了一个成长的平台，在这个平台上，会有更多专业化的“书写者”迈向自己的理想之门。

may,Traditional culture become more and more people return to the ideal.For calligraphy lovers,It is old and return to become a trend."No inheritance will not have the innovation and development of the art of calligraphy",ChenHongLing/MaXiang and/Into union party,They kept on composing at the same time,With their abundant life experience/Profound knowledge and full personality charm effect/A new generation of guidance"Writing is"."There are a lot of good young plant"Is their common feelings,These good young plant only get better education,Can thrive.The calligraphy education,They set up a platform for growth,In this platform,There will be more professional"Writing is"The door to his own ideal.