新华网上海2月17日电（记者朱翃、吴振东）2月13日，上海交通大学人文学院科学史与科学文化研究院教授李侠在科学网发表题为《中国科学精英老龄化太严重！》的博文，文章虽寥寥数百字，却已有近8000次阅读，并引发学者和网友热议。

Xinhuanet Shanghai February 17(Reporter Hong zhu/WuZhenDong)On February 13,,Shanghai jiaotong university of science and the humanities college of science and culture institute professor in science and LiXia published titled[China's scientific elite aging too serious!]Of bowen,This article is very hundreds of words,But nearly 8000 time reading,And cause the scholar and the net friend of hot debate.

　　在博文中，李侠分析了中国科学院院士和中国工程院院士的年龄分布后认为，以“两院”院士为代表的中国科学界最高精英“老龄化太严重”。李侠根据“两院”官网的数据统计，现任“两院”院士年龄主要集中在70—89岁之间，而40—49岁年龄段的院士比例非常低。年龄在70—79岁间的中国科学院院士占全部709名院士的四成以上，而中国工程院765名在职院士的平均年龄就高达74．3岁。

In the bowen,LiXia analysis of the Chinese academy of sciences and Chinese academy of engineering after the age of that,to"senate"As a representative of Chinese science of highest elite"Aging too serious".LiXia according to"senate"Official statistics,The current"senate"Academician age mainly concentrated in the 70-89 years old between,And forty - 49 years old of age ratio is very low.In 70-79 - year - old age between the academician of the Chinese academy of sciences academician of all 709 more than forty percent,And the Chinese academy of engineering in 765 the average age of up to 74.3 years.

　　长期从事科学史研究的李侠早先在分析1500—1950年有重大发现的科学家学术成就后得出这样的结论：随着时代发展，科学家发表学术著作的年龄在逐渐提前，年轻化趋势在加强。

Engaged in the research of the history LiXia earlier on the analysis of 1500-1950 have significant academic achievements of scientists found that such a conclusion:With the development of The Times,The age of the academic works published by scientists in advance gradually,Younger trend in strengthening.

　　据李侠统计，16世纪科学家发表重要学术著作的平均年龄是50．1岁，而20世纪上半叶已降到了34．9岁，相当于提前了15年。李侠据此推测21世纪和22世纪科学家发表著作的平均年龄应为32．73岁和30．06岁。

According to LiXia statistics,The 16th century scientists delivered an important academic works in the average age is 50.1 years,And twenty century has dropped to 34.9 years,Equivalent to 15 years in advance.LiXia to infer the 21st century and the 22nd century scientists published works should be the average age of 32.73 years and 30.06 years old.

　　李侠认为，38—45岁是一位科学家最具创造力的工作峰值年龄段。过了这一年龄段，科研能力就会逐渐衰减。70岁之后就很难说有什么创造力了，“任何人，包括科学精英，70岁是一道门槛：思维活跃程度的临界点。”李侠如是说。

LiXia think,And - 45 years old is a scientists the most creative work peak age.After this one age paragraph,Scientific research ability will gradually decay.70 years later it would be hard to have what creativity,"anyone,Including science elite,70 years is a threshold:Thinking active degree of critical point."LiXia said.

　　但中国目前的“两院”院士中，处在38岁—45岁工作峰值年龄段的院士比例很低，绝大部分院士年龄都在45周岁以上。现年43岁的潘建伟和现年45岁的邓中翰分别是中国科学院和中国工程院最年轻的院士。而这两位最年轻的院士也都已经接近或处于工作峰值年龄段的最大临界值了。

But China's current"senate"Academician of,In the age of 45 years old - and work peak age of the proportion is very low,Most of the academician age are more than 45 one full year of life.The 43-year-old PanJianWei and, 45, has DengZhongHan were China academy of sciences and the Chinese academy of engineering of the young.And the two youngest academicians are close to or be in work peak age the maximum critical value.

　　对于目前“两院院士”年龄整体偏大的问题，中国科技大学教师赵明认为，中国特定的历史原因和人均寿命的延长，是目前“两院院士”年龄偏大的主要原因。

For the present"Of both"The whole age too big problem,China university of science and technology teachers think et,China's particular historical reasons and per capita life extension,Is the"Of both"The main reason for the older.

　　“1955年评选一次院士后就停止了，直到25年后的1980年，才进行改革开放后第一次院士评选，当时那次院士评选的人数是历史之最，共283名，占现在院士总数的三分之一强。时隔10年后的1991年又进行一次院士选举，人数也超过200名。”赵明表示，这两次入选的院士经过二三十年的岁月，大部分已到了耄耋之年，再加上人的寿命普遍延长，因此导致院士的严重老龄化。

"1955 years after the selection of a stopped,Until 25 years later in 1980,Before carrying out the reform and opening up of the first selection,When the selection of the number of history is the most,A total of 283,Now accounts for a third of the total number of strong.After ten years later in 1991 and a member of the election,The number is more than 200."Et said,The two selected academician after two hundred and thirty years,Most has reached s,Combined with the life of the people generally extend,Therefore lead to the serious of aging.

　　在李侠看来，院士老龄化的重要原因一方面是中国科学界普遍存在的论资排辈的传统，导致青年学者迟迟不能出头；另一方面是行政的干预，“科技共同体远没有想象的那样自治，因此，不具有免疫力。”

In LiXia seems,Aging of the important reason is China's scientific community the prevalence of the seniority traditional,Lead to young scholars can't s;On the other hand is administrative intervention,"Scientific and technological community is not expected autonomy,so,Do not have immunity."

　　网友“王辉”说：“中国院士的年龄大小本来不是一个问题，而是做到如何像美国科学院院士那样仅仅是学术荣誉，而没有太多的附带利益和权力。如果能做到这一点，年龄大小就不是一个问题。但中国的院士掌握了太多的权力，院士们可以直接影响国家科技资源的分配和科技发展的方向。因此从这个角度来看，院士的年龄就是一个问题。”

Net friend"WangHui"said:"Chinese academicians age was not a problem,But how do like American academy of sciences that is only academic honor,Without too much spinoff and power.If you can do this,Age is not a problem.But China's academician mastered too much power,The member can directly influence the national science and technology in the allocation of resources and the direction of the development of science and technology.So from this perspective,Academician age is a problem."

　　还有不少网友认为，如果院士称号是荣誉性的，那么终身享有并无问题；但如果院士称号能够左右研究方向、课题选择和资金投入，那么对院士就应设计一个退出机制。

There are not a few net friend think,If the title of academician is honourable,So enjoy life and have no problem;But if the title of academician around to research direction/The choice of topic and capital investment,Then the academician should design a withdrawal mechanism.