李法明 画 Li Faming painting

有的小学5年择校费涨3倍 Some primary school five years ZeJiaoFei up 3 times

　　“我们可能不用花一分钱，孩子就能读重点小学！”3月13日上午，家住重庆上清寺的于成兴奋地给孩子同学的家长打电话。2012年年末，于成孩子所在的幼儿园有20多名家长刚刚集体缴纳了重庆某重点小学的择校费，并已拿到入学通知书。几天前，于成从校方得到消息，这笔择校费可能会退回。“能省6万元当然好，但会不会在退还择校费的同时取消孩子的入学资格呢？”接到于成电话的家长又有些担心。

"We may need not spend a penny,Children can read key primary school!"On March 13 morning,Who lives in chongqing qing temple in into a classmate to the child's parents call excitedly.At the end of 2012,In a child's kindergarten collective of more than 20 parents just pay ZeJiaoFei of some key primary school in chongqing,And has received the letter of admission.A few days ago,To get the message from the school,The ZeJiaoFei might return."Can save 60000 yuan of course good,But at the same time will in return ZeJiaoFei cancel child admission?"Received in a call parents and some worry about it.

　　连日来，随着重庆市被称为史上最严“择校费禁令”的出台，忐忑难安的家长们是几家欢乐几家愁。由于重庆市教委目前尚未出台相关配套细则，家长们反而不踏实了：优质教育资源毕竟有限，好学校差学校一目了然，而且短期内不太可能发生质变，在如此背景下取消择校费，有可行性吗？

连日来,As chongqing is known as history's most severe"ZeJiaoFei ban"Come on stage,Very difficult to Ann's parents were several joy several sorrow.Because of the chongqing city board of education has yet to publish relevant supporting details,Instead, parents not steadfast:High quality education resources limited, after all,Good bad schools be clear at a glance,And chemical changes in the short term is unlikely to happen,Cancel ZeJiaoFei under such background,Is there any possibility?

　　择校费是教育资源配置不均衡下的产物。众所周知，现在的一些学校为了吸引生源可谓是无所不用其极，除了花大量资金投入学校建设，甚至不惜代价从其他学校挖名师优生，但是每年政府对学校的财政拨款远远不够这些支出。

择校费是教育资源配置不均衡下的产物.As is known to all,Now some of the school in order to attract students is nothing,In addition to spend a lot of money into the school building,Even at the cost from other school teacher eugenics,But each year the government financial grants to the school is far from enough of these expenses.

　　重庆市政协委员、重庆实验中学副校长刘邦耀向记者表示，以重庆市实验中学为例，该校一年的运营经费为5000多万元，政府只负责教师基本工资的发放(人均不到2000元)，基本实行自收自支。如果不收择校费，将意味着财政应有更多支出，以维持公立学校的正常运作。而如果继续收取择校费，则会继续制造教育的不公平，使学校与学校之间的差距进一步拉大！

重庆市政协委员/Chongqing experimental middle school vice principal LiuBangYao told reporters,In experimental middle school in chongqing, for example,The operating funds for a year more than 5000 ten thousand yuan,The issuance of government is responsible for the teachers' basic salary only(Less than 2000 yuan per capita),The basic practice to raise.If you don't accept ZeJiaoFei,Will mean that fiscal should have more spending,In order to maintain normal operation of public schools.And if to receive ZeJiaoFei,Will continue to make education unfair,Make further widening gap between the school and the school!

　　但是，现在的择校费是变本加厉，让一些普通家庭苦不堪言。一位重庆某小学不愿透露姓名的教师在接受采访时向记者估算道：“5年前，重庆最有名的小学择校费仅3万元左右，现在已突破10万元，涨幅超过300%。所谓的名校5年前每年顶多收7000万元~9000万元，去年最少能收两三亿。”究竟这些择校费是进了某些人的口袋还是真的投入了教育，谁也不清楚。

but,ZeJiaoFei is even now,Some ordinary families.A chongqing some primary school teachers on condition of anonymity in an interview to the journalists estimates:"Five years ago,Chongqing, one of the most famous primary school ZeJiaoFei only 30000 yuan,Now has reached 100000 yuan,Up more than 300%.The so-called school five years ago at most 70 million yuan ~ 70 million yuan a year,At least can accept 2.3 billion last year."What are these ZeJiaoFei into someone's pocket or really launched into education,Who also don't know.

谁来查处 ？ 谁来监督 ？ Who is going to investigate ? Who is going to supervise ?

　　其实从2007年开始，重庆市就曾先后出台《重庆市义务教育条例》、《关于治理义务教育阶段择校乱收费工作的实施意见》等规范性文件，但择校费仍然屡禁不止。2012年6月，重庆市政府办公厅转发《关于治理义务教育阶段择校乱收费工作的实施意见》，称将于2015年基本消除义务教育阶段择校乱收费现象。这份文件显示，2012年每所公办学校非正常跨区域招生人数比2011年减少50%，2013年每所公办学校非正常跨区域招生人数比2012年减少50%，2014年每所公办学校非正常跨区域招生比例控制在当年招生计划的10%以内。到2015年，全市基本消除义务教育阶段择校乱收费现象。

其实从2007年开始,Chongqing has successively introduced[Chongqing city compulsory education regulations]/[About the management of compulsory education school selection fees work implementation opinion]And other normative documents,But the prohibition ZeJiaoFei still.In June 2012,The chongqing government office to forward[About the management of compulsory education school selection fees work implementation opinion],Said will basically eliminated either compulsory education stage in 2015 to collect fees in disorder phenomenon.The document showed,Every public school 2012 abnormal cross-regional enrollment 50% less than in 2011,Every public school 2013 abnormal cross-regional enrollment 50% less than in 2012,2014 each abnormal cross-regional public school recruitment of students proportion control in the enrollment plan of less than 10%.By 2015,Basically eliminated either compulsory education stage to collect fees in disorder phenomenon in the city.

　　相比之前，在今年年初的重庆两会期间，重庆市教委主任周旭就表示要制定更严格的条令来治理中小学择校乱收费问题。而在2月28日召开的2013年重庆市基础教育工作会议上，重庆教委更是宣布，重庆义务教育阶段从今年起全面禁止收取择校费，并将采取更加严厉的监管措施，从3月1日起，违规收费的校长将一律免职，并要求各小学、初中提前收取的今年秋季入学的择校费应全部退还，此前收取的择校费不予退还。

相比之前,At the beginning of the year in chongqing during the two sessions,Zhou Xu, director of the chongqing city board of education is to develop more stringent regulations to select a school management of primary and secondary schools to collect fees in disorder.And in February 28, 2013 basic education work meeting in chongqing,Education commission of chongqing is announced,Compulsory education phase of chongqing comprehensive charge ZeJiaoFei ban since this year,And will take more stringent regulatory measures,Since March 1,Charge the headmaster will be removed,And ask every elementary school/Junior middle school early for this autumn entrance ZeJiaoFei shall all be returned,After charging ZeJiaoFei will not be returned.

　　随后，一些区县开始推出执行细则。其中，渝东某县还专门出台了《2013年治理教育乱收费工作实施方案》。据了解，此方案是根据市政府相关文件及会议精神制定的，要求就教育收费等问题，做到调查、处理、清退“三到位”，不漏死角，不留盲点，确保治理工作取得实效。《方案》强调，学校校长、幼儿园园长、教管中心主任是治理教育乱收费工作的直接责任人，绝不允许在贯彻和执行上打折扣、做选择、搞变通。

随后,Some counties began to roll out implementation rules.Among them,Some county in the eastern chongqing is specially introduced[Management education collects fees in disorder in 2013 work plan].We have learned,This plan is according to the municipal government related document and the conference spirit,Asked about education fee, etc,做到survey/To deal with/Remove disruptive"Three is in place",Don't leak a corner,No blind spot,To ensure effective control work.[solution]Emphasis on,The school principal/The kindergarten/Teach tube center director is directly responsible governance work education collects fees in disorder,Will never allow a discount on the implementation and execution/To make a choice/Make alternative.

　　“谁来查处？谁来监督？”对于这个号称史上最严的“择校费禁令”，许多市民这样向记者表示他们的疑虑。因为大家都知道，学校的收入、升学率等指标是教育部门政绩的重要体现。也许正是因为教育主管部门与学校形成了这么一个利益共同体，他们对学校乱收择校费的违规行为才会睁一只眼闭一只眼！

"Who is going to investigate?Who is going to supervise?"For the so-called history's most severe"ZeJiaoFei ban",Many city residents told reporters their doubts.Because everyone know,School of income/Graduation rates and other indicators are the important of education department record.Maybe it is because the education departments and schools formed such a community of interests,They for the school while ZeJiaoFei irregularities will turn a blind eye!

择校费真的能急刹车 ？ ZeJiaoFei can really slam the brakes on ?

　　事实上，没有人愿意出高价去读书。但是，又有哪个家长愿意自己的孩子输在起跑线上呢？有些家长在择校费水涨船高的现状下，为了孩子有个优良的学习环境，不得不成为愿意挨打的“黄盖”。

事实上,No one is willing to pay a high price to study.but,And what parents would their children lose at the starting line?Some parents in the presence of ZeJiaoFei increased,Have a good learning environment for the children,Would have to be beaten"Huang gai".

　　家住重庆市渝北区李女士就是其中一个“黄盖”，她的儿子今年4岁半，现在在渝北区一所公立幼儿园上学，明年秋季就要上小学了。由于自己住处附近没有有名的小学，李女士很早就开始为儿子四处联系学校，托了不少关系终于找到江北区某知名小学。“小学已经答应儿子入学了，择校费需要1万多元，现在突然取消了择校费，那我儿子去哪里读书呢？”李女士不解地说。

家住重庆市渝北区李女士就是Among them一个"Huang gai",Her son this year 4 years old and a half,At a public school in YuBeiOu school now,Going to primary school in the autumn of next year.Because their house nearby no famous primary school,李女士很早就开始为儿子四处联Department of学校,托了不少关Department of终于找到江北区某知名小学."Elementary school has promised son entrance,ZeJiaoFei needs 10000 yuan,Now suddenly cancelled ZeJiaoFei,That my son study in where?"Ms. Lee said, bewildered.

　　对于普遍群众都有的这个疑问，重庆市教委相关负责人在接受记者采访时表示，禁收择校费并不等于不能择校，重庆市将系统改革义务教育招生制度，妥善解决办学容量不足和学有余额的中小学招生问题，标本兼治解决好义务教育阶段择校乱收费问题。这位负责人说：“我们将以标准化学校建设为主线，从硬件和软件方面大力推进义务教育均衡发展，在3年至5年内使全市城乡各小学、初中在基础设施、师资力量、学校管理等方面相一致。同时我们去年就出台了教师交流制度，并正在试点一些新举措。”

对于普遍群众都有的这个疑问,The relevant person in charge of chongqing education commission said in an interview,Forbidden to receive ZeJiaoFei doesn't mean can't either,重庆市将Department of统改革义务教育招生制度,Properly solve school-running capacity lack and learn with balance of primary and secondary school enrollment,Administer thoroughly solve the problem of good choice compulsory education stage to collect fees in disorder.The official said:"We will be in a standardized school construction as the main line,From the aspects of hardware and software to promote compulsory education balanced development,In 3 years to 5 years to make the city's urban and rural primary school/Junior high school in infrastructure/faculty/School management, etc.At the same time last year we introduced teacher communication system,And some new measures are pilot."

　　但是有重庆教育界人士向记者透露，重庆主城某区重点小学的择校率在70%左右，重点中学的择校率在60%左右，突然全面强制取消择校，意味着重点学校可能将无法正常运行。“之前各重点学校的免费就读范围划得很小，如果按片区念书，可能一个班都招不满。这是不是意味着很多老师得下岗了？”这位人士发出疑问。

but有重庆教育界人士向记者透露,Of chongqing urban district elementary school selection rate is about 70%,Key middle school of school choice rate at about 60%,Suddenly forced to cancel the choice,The key middle schools means that probably will not be able to run normally."Before the school focus on free range too small,If according to the study area,May to fill for a class.Does this mean that many teachers have laid off?"This person asked.

　　不仅如此，取消择校费后，重点学校的财政运行方式也将面临调整。这不禁让人怀疑：这一切来得太快会不会反而打乱教育发展的节奏？于是，有专家表示，仅靠行政命令难以禁止择校乱收费，应尽快出台相关配套措施，明确招生细则，防止新的不公平；同时，均衡配置优质教育资源是一个庞大工程，需要政府真正下决心、动真格。重庆市教委表示将大力推进教育资源均衡发展，用3-5年时间实现域内义务教育基本均衡。这个想法固然很好，但这又岂是教育部门一家就能解决的问题。

不仅如此,Having canceled ZeJiaoFei,Key school of finance operation mode will also face adjustment.This can not help but let people suspect:Instead, it all came too fast will disrupt the rhythm of education development?so,Experts say,Only by administrative orders to prohibit either collect fees in disorder,Should publish relevant supporting measures as soon as possible,Specific admissions conditions,Prevent new unfair;At the same time,Equilibrium configuration of high quality education resources is a huge project,Need really determined to government/real.Chongqing city board of education says it will vigorously promote the balanced development of education resources,In 3 to 5 years to achieve basic equilibrium in compulsory education domain.The idea is great,But it is an education department can solve the problem.

　　记者在采访中发现，当前，大部分优质教育资源集中在少数重点学校手中，如同垄断一般，让家长不得不接受这些学校制定的“霸王条款”，现在最大的问题就是如何实现教育资源的真正均衡配置。

记者在采访中发现,The current,Most of the high quality education resources concentrated in the hands of a few key school,As a monopoly,Let the parents have to accept these schools"Overlord clause",Now the biggest problem is how to achieve real balance education resources configuration.

　　对这个疑问，重庆市教委主任周旭称，今年将实行校长、教师的流动制，让其他学校也能享受优质资源。至于流动制具体如何操作，流动的范围和数量如何，学校的硬件设施、场地条件如何实现均衡化，至今尚无细则出台。（记者 李国 实习生 王其巍）

对这个疑问,Said Zhou Xu, director of the chongqing city board of education,This year will be the principal/The flow of the teacher,Let the other schools also can enjoy high quality resources.As for the flow system, specific how to operate,The range of flow and quantity,The school hardware facilities/How to realize the equalization site terms,So far there is no rules.(The reporter Wang Jiwei Li Guo intern)