[网络对话]吃爆米花会引起肺病吗？专家解“爆米花肺”成因 [network dialogue] eat popcorn can cause lung disease?Experts solution"Popcorn lung"causes

　　据报道，美国一男子患上一种被称为“爆米花肺”的疾病，该男子称他几乎每天都食用爆米花。吃爆米花会引起肺病吗？针对网友关心的问题，新华网记者近日采访了中国医师协会呼吸医师分会副总干事、中日友好医院呼吸内科医生张永明博士和南京同仁医院营养科主管渠慎强。

According to the report,The United States a man suffering from a are called"Popcorn lung"disease,The man said he eat popcorn almost every day.Eat popcorn can cause lung disease?According to the net friend concern,Xinhuanet reporter recently interviewed the Chinese medical doctor association breathing surgeon branch deputy managing director/The sino-japanese friendship hospital respiratory physician dr ZhangYongMing and nanjing tongren hospital nutrition division director canal in strong.

　　新华网记者：“爆米花肺”是一种什么样的疾病？它是怎样形成的？

Xinhuanet reporter:"Popcorn lung"A kind of what kind of disease?How does it formed?

　　张永明：2007年美国职业安全和卫生研究所公布的调查报告称，一些人因长期食用微波炉烘制的爆米花吸入所产生的烟雾后会患上肺病，这种肺病与哪些在爆米花厂工作的工人所患肺病一样，主要原因可能是在爆米花制作过程中使用了联乙醯等添加剂，引起细支气管疾病。

ZhangYongMing:In 2007 the United States institute of occupational safety and health survey published the report says,Some people for long-term edible microwave oven to bake popcorn suction generated smoke suffer from lung disease,This kind of pulmonary disease and which in the popcorn factory workers as lung disease,Perhaps the main cause is the popcorn production process using the diacetyl and additive,Cause bronchi disease.

　　爆米花制作过程中可能会使用添加剂联乙醯，烘制过程中挥发出来后被人体吸入就可能引起“闭塞性细支气管炎”，俗称“爆米花肺”。“闭塞性细支气管炎”的病理基础为细支气管的损伤、炎症、纤维化及管腔狭窄，患者常见症状为发热、干咳、喘息、呼吸困难，活动后加重 ，伴有周身不适、畏寒和体重下降；严重者可引起呼吸衰竭甚至死亡。

Popcorn production process might use additive diacetyl,In the process of baking volatile out inhaled by human beings might cause"Bronchiolitis obliterans",Commonly known as"Popcorn lung"."Bronchiolitis obliterans"Pathological foundation for bronchi damage/inflammation/Fibrosis and stenosis,Patients common symptoms are fever/Dry cough/gasp/Difficulty breathing,Activities increase after ,With general malaise/And cold and weight loss;Serious can cause respiratory failure and even death.

　　呼吸系统与体外环境相通，成人每天有超过10000升的气体进出呼吸道进行气体交换。外界环境中的有机或无机粉尘微粒，包括各种病原微生物、过敏原、有害气体等，都可能随着呼吸过程进入人体呼吸道。吸烟、汽车尾气、空气污染等导致PM10(可吸入颗粒物)、PM2.5(可入肺颗粒物)超标；职业暴露吸入二氧化硅、煤尘、棉尘等粉尘或者工业废气等因素会导致慢性阻塞性肺疾病、尘肺、肺癌等呼吸系统疾病；地毯、布质窗帘的广泛应用使室内尘螨数量增多；猫、鸟、狗等宠物导致动物皮毛过敏原增多；空调机内滋生的真菌、花草的花粉孢子等导致支气管哮喘和过敏性鼻炎发病率增高。

Respiratory system and external environment mutually,Every day there are more than 10000 liters of adult gas in respiratory exchange gases.External environment the organic or inorganic dust particles,Including all kinds of pathogenic microorganism/allergens/Harmful gas,May with the breathing process into the human respiratory tract.smoking/Car exhaust/Air pollution and so on lead to PM10 readings - which were taken(pm10)/PM2.5(Can into the lung particles)overweight;Occupational exposures inhaled silica/Coal dust/Cotton dust and dust or industrial waste gas factors can lead to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease/pneumoconiosis/Lung and respiratory system disease;carpet/The wide application of curtain cloth to make indoor dust mites quantity increase;The cat/bird/Pet dogs to animal fur allergens increase;In the air conditioner breeding of fungi/The pollen of the flowers such as spores cause bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis in incidence.

　　新华网记者：我们日常食用的爆米花含有哪些有害物质？

Xinhuanet reporter:Our daily eating popcorn which contain harmful substances?

　　渠慎强：据我了解，我们日常进食的爆米花中会加一些甜味素、香精，为增加酥脆感还会添加一些反式脂肪酸(也叫植物奶油、人造黄油、氢化植物油)。经过这种脂肪加工过的食物口感香酥脆，常见的酥皮面包、饼干、方便面、奶油蛋糕都含有些反式脂肪酸。

Canal in strong:I understand,Our daily eating popcorn will add some sweet monosodium glutamate/essence,To increase the crisp feeling will also add some trans fatty acid(Also called plant cream/margarine/Hydrogenated vegetable oil).After this kind of fat processed food taste sweet crisp,Common icing bread/cookies/Instant noodles/Cream cakes are including some trans fatty acid.

　　反式脂肪酸摄入后对人体有害无益，对于青少年来说，反式脂肪酸会影响必须的脂肪酸吸收，导致中枢神经系统的发育不良。对于成年人来说，可能引起不孕不育、肥胖、心脑血管疾病、老年痴呆、糖尿病等问题。

Trans fatty acids after intake to human body harm,For teenagers,Trans fatty acids can affect must fatty acid absorption,Lead to central nervous system dysplasia.For adults,May cause infertility/obesity/Disease of heart head blood-vessel/dementia/Problems such as diabetes.

　　玉米在加工为爆米花的过程中，水分流失与营养素流失情况为：100克玉米粒中胡萝卜素为100微克，而100克的爆米花胡萝卜素基本为0；钙49mg/100g、爆米花为2mg/100g。同样100克的爆米花中与100克的玉米相比碳水化合物的量、脂肪含量会增高。

Corn in the process of machining for popcorn,The loss of water and nutrients for the drain:100 grams of corn carotene for 100 micrograms,And 100 grams of popcorn carotene basic is 0;Calcium 49 mg / 100 g/Popcorn is 2 mg / 100 g.The same 100 grams of popcorn with 100 grams of corn compared with the amount of carbohydrate/Fat content increases.

　　新华网记者：对于食用爆米花的网友您有何建议？

Xinhuanet reporter:The net friend to eat popcorn what you suggest?

　　张永明：不应过量食用爆米花，如果使用微波炉加热的爆米花，要适当远离加热区，加热后打开包装袋放在通风处散发气味后再食用。街头“转炉”式爆米花因“转炉”中含有铅，在高压加热时，锅内的铅有一定量会熔化吸附在疏松的米花上，食用后可能发生慢性铅中毒，会危害神经、造血和消化等系统，影响儿童发育。

ZhangYongMing:Should not be excessive edible popcorn,If you use the microwave popcorn,To appropriate away from heating zone,After heating open bags in ventilated place smell after edible.street"converter"Type popcorn for"converter"Contains lead,In the high pressure heating,Pot of lead have a certain amount will melt adsorption in loose rice spend,Eating might take place after chronic lead poisoning,Will harm nerve/Hematopoietic and digestive system,Affect child development.

　　一些小商贩在制作爆米花时会使用氢化植物油制成的植物奶油代替黄油，其中含的反式脂肪酸会升高血液胆固醇水平，增加冠心病的发病风险。(新华网记者 姜春媛)

Some vendors in making popcorn will use made of hydrogenated vegetable oil plant cream instead of butter,Contain trans fatty acid increases blood cholesterol levels,Increase the risk of deelopment of coronary artery disease.(Xinhuanet reporter JiangChunYuan)