近几年，甲状腺癌发病率快速增长，引起了人们的广泛关注。日前，北京市卫生局发布消息称，北京市的甲状腺癌已经成为增长速度最快的恶性肿瘤，且中青年患者比例较高，特别是女性发病率一路飙升。有哪些因素与甲状腺癌的发病有关？如何早期发现甲状腺癌呢？针对公众关心的问题，北京市卫生局副局长雷海潮给出了详细解答。

In recent years,The fast growth of thyroid cancer incidence of a disease,Caused the people's extensive concern.a,The Beijing health bureau said in a news release said,Beijing thyroid cancer has become the fastest growing malignant tumor,And the young and middle-aged patients with higher proportion,Especially women incidence soared.What are the factors and thyroid cancer related?How to the early detection of thyroid cancer?The public concern,Deputy director of the municipal bureau of health LeiHaiChao gives detailed answers.

甲状腺癌更“青睐”女性 Thyroid cancer more"favour"women

　　“据北京市肿瘤研究所统计，2010年，北京市共报告甲状腺癌新发病例1099例，占恶性肿瘤的2.9%，发病率为8.78/10万，比2001年的2.70/10万，增长225.2%，年平均增长14.2%。”雷海潮指出，甲状腺癌较其他肿瘤的显著区别之一，就是发病年龄明显偏早。其他肿瘤多在50岁后为高发年龄，甲状腺癌高发年龄要提前10年-20年。

"According to the Beijing cancer institute statistics,In 2010,,Beijing were reported new cases of thyroid carcinoma in 1099 cases,Accounted for 2.9% of malignant tumor,Incidence was 8.78/10,More than 2001 years of 2.70/10,Growth of 225.2%,Average annual growth of 14.2%."LeiHaiChao pointed out that,Thyroid cancer is one of the marked differences between the other tumors,The age is obviously quite early.Other tumors in more than 50 years after high age,Thyroid cancer high-risk age to ten years earlier - 20 years.

　　“值得注意的是，甲状腺癌发病的男女性别比为30︰100。”雷海潮介绍说，10年间，男性甲状腺癌在恶性肿瘤发病顺位中变化不明显；女性甲状腺癌发病率由2001年的4.21/10万，上升至2010年的13.63/10万，增长223.8%，年平均增长率为14.6%，顺位由2001年的第10位升至2010年的第5位。可见，甲状腺癌更“青睐”女性。

"It is important to note that,Thyroid cancer pathogenesis of men and women sex ratio for 30:100."LeiHaiChao said,10 years,Men of the thyroid carcinoma in malignant tumor in the sequence does not change significantly;Women thyroid cancer incidence from 2001 in 4.21/10,Up to 2010 years of 13.63/10,Growth of 223.8%,Average annual growth rate of 14.6%,By 2001 the sequence of a 10 to 2010 in fifth.visible,Thyroid cancer more"favour"women.

射线辐射已证实为致病因素 Ray radiation has proved pathogenic factor

　　哪些因素与甲状腺癌的发病有关呢？雷海潮表示，多种因素都与甲状腺癌的发病相关，但是射线辐射，如：放射治疗用的放射线、自然界天然的放射源、高压电线的辐射线等是目前甲状腺癌仅有已明确的致病因素。有统计显示，约有9%的甲状腺癌与射线暴露、接触史有关。辐射剂量与发生甲状腺癌的风险呈线性增长，若接触剂量超过20戈瑞，甲状腺体将发生不可逆的损伤。

What factors and thyroid cancer about it?LeiHaiChao said,Many factors have with thyroid cancer related,But ray radiation,if:Radiation therapy use of radiation/The nature of natural radioactive source/High pressure wire radiation etc is currently the only thyroid cancer has clear pathogenic factor.Statistics show,About 9% of the thyroid carcinoma and ray exposure/Contact history about.Radiation dose and the risk of thyroid cancer happen a linear growth,If contact dose more than 20 gray,Thyroid body will be irreversible damage.

　　“甲状腺癌的发生还与接触辐射时的年龄有关。”雷海潮强调，儿童期电离辐射接触史是发生甲状腺癌一个重要危险因素，因此，包括婴幼儿和青少年在内的所有人群，应当尽量减少和避免各种射线辐射，远离辐射源。使用辐射源的单位要在明显的位置给予标记和提醒。

"The occurrence of thyroid carcinoma with contact radiation age related."LeiHaiChao emphasize,Childhood ionizing radiation exposure occurs thyroid cancer an important risk factors,therefore,Including infants and young children and teenagers in all the crowd,Should try our best to reduce and avoid all kinds of ray radiation,Away from the source.Use of radiation source units in the position of the obvious to mark and remind.

　　另外，激素水平及饮食中碘、维生素C、E的摄入量等都可能与甲状腺癌的发生有关，但仍需进一步研究证实。

In addition,Hormone level and dietary iodine/Vitamin C/E intake may and the occurrence of thyroid cancer related,But needs to be studied further confirmed.

90%的甲状腺癌可手术治疗 90% of the thyroid carcinoma can surgery

　　当前，早期发现甲状腺癌已不是难事。雷海潮介绍说，目前以超声为代表的影像技术，极大提高了甲状腺癌的检出率，为临床更多更早期的发现甲状腺癌患者提供了可能。尤其是近几年，体检的日益普及和体检中甲状腺超声的广泛运用，发现了更多的甲状腺癌患者。而且，发现甲状腺肿物的患者也无需忧虑，应及时到具有诊疗能力的医院检查，专科医师和超声的检查，可基本确认80%左右的甲状腺癌患者。必要时，还可进行甲状腺肿物穿刺，做病理检查来确诊。

The current,The early detection of thyroid carcinoma has not be difficult.LeiHaiChao said,At present by the ultrasonic as a representative of image technology,Greatly improve the detection rate of thyroid cancer,For clinical more early found that thyroid cancer patients to provide the possibility.Especially in recent years,The rising popularity of physical examination and physical examination thyroid ultrasonic widely used,Found more thyroid cancer patients.and,Found that thyroid neoplasm patients also need not worry,Should be in time to have the ability of diagnosis and treatment hospital inspection,Specialist and ultrasonic inspection,It can basically confirmed that 80% of patients with thyroid cancer.When necessary,But also for thyroid neoplasm puncture,Do pathologic examination to diagnose.

　　此外，雷海潮提醒广大公众，约90%的甲状腺癌可以通过手术治疗，手术切除干净的患者无需再进行化疗和放疗，但仍需进行内分泌治疗。经过规范治疗的患者预后较好，45岁以下非晚期甲状腺癌患者，20年生存率可达85%-90%，治疗效果较好。(记者 田雅婷)

In addition,LeiHaiChao to remind the general public,About 90% of the thyroid cancer that is curable with surgery,Surgical resection in patients with clean without further chemotherapy and radiation,But still need to undertake endocrine therapy.After standard therapy of the patients prognosis is good,Under the age of 45 patients with thyroid cancer is not late,20 years of survival rate can amount to 85% - 90%,Treatment effect is good.(Reporter TianYaTing)