受访专家/中山大学附属第一医院病理科主任 王连唐教授 Interviewed experts/sun yat-sen university first hospital affiliated department director WangLianTang professor

　　中山大学附属第一医院妇产科副主任 何勉副教授 The first affiliated hospital of sun yat-sen university, deputy director of the department of gynaecology and obstetrics HeMian associate professor

　　近日，世界健康基金会(美国)(Project HOPE)携手广东省病理质量控制中心在中山大学附属第一医院举办“宫颈癌筛查病理和临床技能学习班”，作为为期3年的世界健康基金会(美国)———BD中国 “妇女健康—宫颈癌预防项目”(公益项目)系列活动之一。记者从学习班中了解到，宫颈癌是女性生殖系统最常见的恶性肿瘤之一，发病率仅次于乳腺癌而高居女性肿瘤第二位，近年来在年轻女性中发病率有明显上升趋势。

recently,The world health foundation(The United States)(Project HOPE)Hand in hand to guangdong province pathological quality control center in sun yat-sen university affiliated hospital held the first"Cervical cancer screening pathological and clinical skills classes",As a three-year world health foundation(The United States)--, BD China "Women's health - cervical cancer prevention programs"(Public welfare projects)One of the series of activities.Reporter from understanding to the class,Cervical cancer is the female reproductive system is one of the most common malignancies,After breast cancer incidence of a disease and tumor at the second women,In recent years the incidence of a disease in young women have obvious rising trend.

　　到底何时开始筛查？多久筛查一次？医学专业人士建议，有性生活3年后就应该每年筛查宫颈癌，连续2到3年均正常，可以拉长筛查间隔。对于已经接种了宫颈癌疫苗的女性，有了性生活后，同样需要定期筛查。

Exactly when to begin screening?How long a screening?Medical professional personage suggests,Sexual life three years should be screening cervical cancer each year,Continuous 2 to 3 annual average normal,Can pull a long screening interval.To have been given cervical cancer vaccine of women,After a sex life,Also need regular screening.

　有性生活3年就应每年筛查 Sexual life three years should be screening every year

　　很多单位体检的宫颈癌筛查的条件是女性结婚后、且年龄超过35岁。中山大学附属第一医院病理科主任王连唐教授介绍，其实只要女性开始有性生活后就有感染HPV(人类乳头状瘤病毒，宫颈癌主要致病因素)的可能，所以有性生活后就应每年定期筛查宫颈癌。以细胞学筛查为首选，现在很多单位宫颈癌筛查都做传统巴氏涂片。这种检查方法问世于60年前，主要用于检查宫颈病变，曾经为宫颈癌的防治做出了巨大的贡献，但是该技术敏感性和特异性不高，细胞保存质量不好，有一定的假阴性，也就是说会漏诊一些病人。而液基细胞检测能克服传统巴氏涂片的局限性，有效解决巴氏涂片因细胞丢失、涂片质量差等造成的诊断不准确的问题，有效地避免癌前病变的漏诊。所以，对于个人来说，如果有经济能力的话，建议最好选择液基细胞检查，如果连续2到3年的检查结果均正常，则可以延长筛查的时间间隔。

A lot of unit medical examination of cervical cancer screening condition is women after marriage/And over the age of 35 years old.The first affiliated hospital of sun yat-sen university professor, director of the department WangLianTang is introduced,In fact as long as women started having sex with HPV infection(The human papilloma virus,Cervical cancer main pathogenic factor)may,So after sexual life should be regular screening cervical cancer each year.With cytology screening is first selection,At present many units cervical cancer screening do traditional papanicolaou smear.This kind of examination method in the advent of 60 years ago,Mainly used for check cervical lesions,Once for the prevention and control of cervical cancer has made great contribution,But the technology sensitivity and specificity is not high,Cell preservation quality is bad,Have certain false negative,That miss some patients.And liquid base cell detection can overcome the limitations of traditional pap smear,Effectively solve the pap smear for cell loss/Smear quality caused by poor diagnosis inaccurate problem,Effectively avoid precancerous lesion of misdiagnosis.so,For the person,If there are words of economic ability,The proposal had better choose liquid base cell check,If continuous 2 to 3 years of test results are normal,The screening can extend the time interval.

　接种了宫颈癌疫苗仍需筛查 The cervical cancer vaccine inoculation still need to screening

　　据了解，有高达75%的女性在一生的某一阶段都会感染HPV；但这些女性感染后普遍没有任何的症状，其中九成人感染该病毒后会依靠自身的免疫力清除病毒获得自愈，但仍有一成人感染持续存在并可能进展为宫颈癌前病变甚至宫颈癌，此时治疗难度大，费用高，治疗效果也不好。那么，如何有效地预防？目前，在香港9岁至45岁的女性可以通过注射宫颈癌疫苗对HPV病毒进行有效预防，前提是没有发生性行为者。由于大陆尚未引进宫颈癌疫苗，有部分人会带着女儿到香港去接种。

It is understood,As many as 75% of women in the life of a certain stage will HPV infection;But these women after infection generally don't have any symptoms,The nine adults infected the virus will rely on its own immunity clear the virus get self healing,But there are still a adult infection persist and may progress for cervical cancer lesion before even cervical cancer,The treatment is difficult,The high cost of,Treatment effect is bad also.so,How to effectively prevent?At present,In Hong Kong nine years old to 45 years women can through the injection of cervical cancer vaccine for HPV virus for effective prevention,Premise is no sexual doer.Since the mainland has not been introduced cervical cancer vaccine,Some people might have brought with her daughter to Hong Kong to inoculation.

　　接种了HPV疫苗，是否意味着有性行为后就不需要进行宫颈癌筛查了？王连唐教授认为HPV疫苗目前只有2价和4价疫苗，只针对常见的HPV16，18型，而与宫颈癌相关高危型HPV目前已知有十多种，这就是为什么即使接种了HPV疫苗的女性，有性生活后仍需定期筛查宫颈癌。

The HPV vaccine inoculation,Does that mean sexual behavior after they don't need to cervical cancer screening the?WangLianTang professors think that HPV vaccine currently only two price and 4 price vaccine,Only to common HPV16,18 type,And and cervical cancer related high-risk type HPV at present are known to have ten many,This is why even given HPV vaccine women,After sexual life still need regular screening cervical cancer.

　查出癌前病变没那么可怕 Detect precancerous lesions not so terrible

　　有些女性在宫颈癌筛查中发现有癌前病变。知道这样的诊断后，有些女性觉得天都要塌下来了，认为这意味着自己迟早会得宫颈癌。其实并不是这样。该院妇产科副主任何勉教授解释，查出癌前病变是好事，早期宫颈癌通常一点症状都没有，等到出现分泌物多、白带多、接触性出血，多半已是宫颈浸润癌。如果女性能定期做宫颈筛查，就可以在癌前病变阶段发现问题，并施以合理治疗。

Some women in cervical cancer screening volation of precancerous lesions.Know that after diagnosis,Some women think days is coming down,Think this means that his will sooner or later to cervical cancer.In fact it was not so.In the department of obstetrics and gynecology hospital, deputy director of HeMian professor explanation,Detect precancerous lesion is a good thing,Cervical cancer is usually a little early symptoms are not,Wait until appear more secretion/Leucorrhoea much/Contact hemorrhage,Most is cervical infiltrating carcinoma.If a woman can do regularly cervical screening,Can in precancerous lesions stage found that the problem,And with reasonable treatment.

　　王连唐教授进一步解释，并不是所有的宫颈癌癌前病变都需要治疗的。宫颈癌癌前病变(CIN)分I，II，III级，I级患者只需要定期观察；II级有50%的患者通过及时治疗不会进展，即CIN III级患者通过及时、规范、有效地治疗也不会进展，所以对宫颈癌防治的正确态度应该是“早期筛查，早期诊治”。(记者 陈辉)

Professor WangLianTang further explanation,Not all cervical precancerous lesions need treatment.Cervical precancerous lesions(CIN)Points I,II,Level III,I stage patients need only regular observation;Level II 50% of patients through the timely treatment will not progress,Namely CIN III patients through the timely/standard/Effective treatment will not progress,So for cervical cancer prevention and control the right attitude should be"Early screening,Early diagnosis and treatment".(Reporter ChenHui)