“诚信”，诚实守信用，曾是中华民族的高尚品德，也是自古就推崇的基本行为规范，如今却渐渐被很多人遗忘。近日，中国社会科学院社会学研究所发布的《社会心态蓝皮书》指出，中国人与人之间的不信任程度在进一步扩大，社会总体信任程度的平均得分为59.7分，进入到“不信任”水平。专家对此提出，社会诚信已经到了警戒线，由此导致社会冲突增加，中国正在面临一场前所未有的诚信危机……

"integrity",Honesty and trustworthiness,Was the Chinese nation's moral character,And since ancient times to esteem the basic code of conduct,But now you have gradually forgotten by many people.recently,The Chinese academy of social sciences by the institute of sociology[Social mentality of the blue book]Pointed out that,China's interpersonal trust level in the further,The whole social trust averaged 59.7 points,into"distrust"level.Experts are put forward,Social credit has come to cordon,Which leads to increased social conflict,China is facing an unprecedented credit crisis...

　七成人不敢相信陌生人 7 adults can't believe the stranger

　　在此次调查中，社科院蓝皮书课题组对北京、上海、郑州、武汉、广州等7个城市的1900多名居民进行了详细访问。结果显示，社会总体信任程度的平均得分为59.7分，进入到“不信任”水平。具体表现为：人与人之间的信任度下降，超过七成人不敢相信陌生人。从行业和部门来看，人们对商业、企业信任度最低。同时，官民、警民、医患等社会关系的不信任程度也在进一步加深。

In this investigation,Academy of his blue book for Beijing/Shanghai/zhengzhou/wuhan/Guangzhou city seven more than 1900 people visit in detail.The results show,The whole social trust averaged 59.7 points,into"distrust"level.The specific performance:Interpersonal trust decline,More than seven adults can't believe the stranger.From the industry and the department to see,Business people/Enterprise credibility minimum.At the same time,Officer people/relationship/The doctor-patient relationship and other social trust degree are also deepen.

　　这次调查反映出中国社会诚信缺失的种种表现，最突出的就是人与人之间出现了信任危机。以前，邻里之间互帮互助，没事串个门儿；年轻时父母工作忙，孩子放学后经常去邻居家吃饭；谁家做了好吃的会和大家一起分享；邻居家来了客人，如果主人没在，其他邻居还会把客人请到自己家里招待，真可谓“远亲不如近邻”。而现在，很多人却是邻里相逢不相识，平时见面不打招呼，甚至连一个微笑都没有。有的人和邻居住了好几年，都不知道他们姓什么。在邻里关系淡漠的同时，还有不少人因为生活习惯、噪音等各种问题，和邻居产生矛盾，甚至大打出手。

The survey reflects China's social credit lack of various performance,The most prominent is the interpersonal trust in the crisis.before,Between neighborhood mutual help,Nothing could string;Young when parents work busy,After school the children often go to neighbor's dinner;Whose do good will and share with everyone;Neighbors to the guests,If the host is not,Other neighbors will also put the guest please her home to entertain,It was really a feast of"Better is a neighbor".And now,Many people meet strangers is neighborhood,Don't say "hello" to meet at ordinary times,Even a smile all have no.Some people and neighbor lives for years,All don't know their name??????.In the neighborhood relationship careless at the same time,There are many people because of life habit/Noise, etc. Various kinds of problems,Neighbors and contradiction,Even dish it out.

　　生活中，越来越多的人感叹：人人都有朋友，但却不敢相信朋友。职场上尔虞我诈，很难交到知心朋友，一旦发生利益冲突，立刻翻脸；生活中的一些所谓好朋友只能“同享乐”，不能“有难同当”，你有困难，其他人可能会以各种理由躲得远远的；有时朋友越熟，越可能上当受骗，很多人做传销等事情时，都先拿“熟人”开刀。中国科学院心理研究所副所长张建新指出，“杀熟”现象的出现标志着社会信任降到了最低点。更有甚者，为了争遗产、房产，不惜和亲生父母、兄弟姐妹反目成仇，把人与人之间的信任降到冰点。

life,More and more people sigh:Everyone has a friend,But can't believe friends.Workplace used cars,It is difficult to make bosom friend,Once produce conflict of interest,Immediately fall out;Some of the so-called life can only be good friends"With pleasure",Can't"blame",Do you have difficulty,Others may be with all sorts of reason far away from;Sometimes the more familiar friend,Is more likely to rise to the bait,Many people do things such as pyramid selling,Have to take"acquaintances"operation.The Chinese academy of sciences institute of psychology, associate director of ZhangJianXin pointed out,"Kill cooked"The phenomenon of the social trust marks into the ground.What is more,In order to for heritage/property,Marriage at his or her parents/Brothers and sisters into beasts of burden,The interpersonal trust to the freezing point.

　　熟人都如此，更别说陌生人了。上海媒体做过一项调查，超过90%的人不敢相信陌生人，仅有2%的人表示可能会让陌生人进家门。陌生的短信、电话不敢相信，站在街头的可怜人不敢帮助，十多岁的孩子出门，家长还得陪同。

Acquaintances are so,Let alone the stranger.Shanghai media do a survey,More than 90% of the people can't believe that stranger,Only 2% said they may let strangers into the house.Strange message/Phone can't believe,Standing on the street of the poor man can't help,More than ten years old children go out,Parents have to escort.

　　记者目前也做了一个实验：在北京市海淀区五道口附近，记者以“手机没电，有急事”为由，随机向10名路人借电话。结果只有两人愿意借，其中一人还要求由他本人拿着手机让记者接听。在随后的街头采访中，有不少人坦言：“现在除了父母，几乎没人能相信。”也有很多人认为：“在当今社会讲诚信就是吃亏。”这两个观点与以下调查结果不谋而合：清华大学媒介调查实验室调查显示，在近三年“最信赖的人”排行中，父母一直高居榜首。在人际交往范围中，41.1%的人只有1—3个可信任的人；上海市政协社会和法制委员会调查表明，诚信成为“吃亏”的代名词，90.2%的人认为诚实守信在不同程度上会吃亏。

Reporters at present also did an experiment:In the haidian district of Beijing wudaokou nearby,journalists"Mobile phone battery,It is urgent"for,Random to 10 l borrow a telephone.Only two people are willing to borrow,One of them also requires by himself with a mobile phone to answer reporters.In the subsequent street interviews,There are many people said:"Now in addition to parents,Almost no one can believe."Also have a lot of people think:"In today's society is a honesty."The two viewpoints and the following results happen to coincide:Tsinghua university media research laboratory investigation shows that,In the past three years"The most reliable man"Ranking in,Parents have been ranked highest.In the scope of interpersonal communication,41.1% of the people only 1-3 person who can trust;Shanghai political consultative conference social and legal committee survey,Integrity become"a"The pronoun of,90.2% of the people think that honesty in different degree will suffer.

　　2009年，“三鹿毒奶粉”事件敲响了食品企业诚信缺失的警钟，随后不断曝光的食品安全事件——染色馒头、皮革奶、地沟油……一次次拉大了消费者与企业之间信任的距离。同时，房地产、教育业、广告业的诚信口碑也在每况愈下。2011年，“郭美美事件”引起轩然大波，让人们第一次强烈地对政府和一些机构产生不信任感。《小康》杂志中国全面小康研究中心曾做过“中国人信用大调查”。在行业榜上，中介服务业、食品业、广告业、房地产业和保健品业被评为“诚信形象不佳的五个行业”。此外，超五成受访者认为，政府或相关机构，组织行为透明度不高，比如财务收支、公车数量不公开等。

In 2009,,"SanLu poisonous milk powder"Events on the food enterprise honesty missing alarm,Then multiply of food safety events - dyeing steamed bread/Leather milk/Trench oil...After the widening consumer and enterprise of trust among the distance.At the same time,Real estate/education/Advertising credit reputation also go from bad to worse.In 2011,,"GuoMeiMei events"Caused a sensation,Let people first strongly for the government and some mechanism has no sense of trust.[well-off]Magazine China all-round well-off research center had done"Chinese credit survey".On the list in the industry,Intermediary service industry/food/advertising/The real estate industry and health products industry is evaluated"Honesty is not good image of the five industries".In addition,Over fifty percent of respondents thought,The government or relevant organizations,Organizational behavior transparency is not high,Such as the financial receipts and payments/The bus Numbers do not open, etc.

　　当所有的不信任集中在一起时，社会氛围就会改变。“最直接的表现就是冷漠。面对诚信危机，很多人觉得个人力量渺小，于是随波逐流，一再放低道德底线，看惯了就不以为然了，于是就出现了‘小悦悦’事件、老人跌倒不敢扶的事情。”北京大学社会学系教授夏学銮告诉《生命时报》记者。

When all the distrust concentrated in together,Social atmosphere will change."The most direct performance is indifferent.In the face of the credit crisis,A lot of people think that personal power small,So the,Repeated low moral bottom line,See be used to it, it will not approve the,So he appeared‘Small jinfenshijia will’events/The old man can't help falling things."Beijing university professor of the department of social XiaXueLuan tell[Life times]reporter.

　　诚信缺失的三大原因 Lack of trust the three main reasons

　　从过去的“信义之邦”到现在的“诚信危机”，中国已建立几千年的诚信体系面临挑战。在各类事件层出不穷的背后，拷问的是诚信缺失的真正原因。

From the past"Faith of the nations"To the present"Credit crisis",China has set up several thousand years of credit system faces a challenge.In all kinds of events behind emerge in endlessly,Torture is the real cause of the lack of trust.

　　1.金钱和利益驱使。夏学銮认为，最根本的原因是人们在金钱和利益的驱使下选择失信。我们国家正处于转型期，金钱、地位成为人们衡量一个人成功与否的重要标准。人们在做一件事情之前，会考虑这件事能给自己带来什么，如果回报大于付出，可能选择做，如果回报小于付出，可能选择不做。在这样的影响下，很多人抛弃道德和诚信，为了利益不择手段，选择欺诈和坑蒙拐骗。近年来频发的食品安全问题，不外乎不良商人在利益的驱使下，放弃了道德标准，失信于社会和百姓。

1. Money and incentive.XiaXueLuan think,The most fundamental reason is that people in money and driven choose break faith.Our country is in transition,money/Position become people to the measure of a man is an important standard of success.People do one thing before,Will consider it can bring you??????,If the return is greater than the pay,May choose to do,If return less than pay,May choose not to do.In under the influence of this,A lot of people abandon ethics and integrity,In order to benefit by hook or by crook,Choice of fraud and KengMeng kidnap.In recent years, frequent food safety problems,Nothing more than bad businessmen in driven by interests,Give up the moral standards,Break faith to the society and the people.

　　2.失信成本低。在张建新看来，失信成本低也是一个重要原因。在人际交往中，如果失信他人，最多就是受到谴责，得到的惩罚也不过是心理上的不安。那些屡犯不改的人，则根本不会有任何愧疚之心。同理，对于失信的个人和机构在制度设计上也存在着很多漏洞。比如，针对不诚信的企业，我国法律惩处力度远远不够，不足以惩戒那些失信的人，造成问题频出屡禁不止。在出现苏丹红、染色馒头等食品安全事件后，几年来，我国食品行业的安全问题并没有得到很好解决，相反更多的食品纷纷陷入到安全和信任危机之中。

2. Break faith with low cost.In ZhangJianXin seems,Dishonest low cost is also an important reason.In personal relationships,If break faith others,The most is to blame,Get punishment is just psychological uneasiness.The recidivism don't change people,It simply will not have any guilt of heart.By the same token,For the promise of the individuals and institutions in the system design, there are also a lot of loopholes.Such as,The integrity of the enterprise,Our country law punishment enough,To punish those who dishonest people,Cause problems PinChu repeated the more than.In case of Sudan red/Dyeing steamed bread and food safety incident,In the past few years,The safety of the food industry in China and didn't get very good solve,Instead more food in succession in security and trust crisis.

　　3.政府带头还不够。专家表示，社会诚信包括政府诚信、企业诚信和个人诚信，其中政府诚信是关键。政府既是社会信用制度的制定者、执行者和维护者，又是公共信用的示范者。如果政府不讲诚信，企业诚信和个人诚信就更无从谈起。“榜样力量是无穷的，积极的如此，消极的更如此。近年来，有些政府部门和官员诚信缺失，表面一套、背后一套，欺上瞒下，对整个社会的负面影响就会放大很多倍。”夏学銮说。

3. The government to take the lead is not enough.Experts say,Social credit including government credit/Enterprise credit and personal integrity,The government credit is the key.The government is not only the social credit system makers/Performer and the defender,Is a demonstation of public credit.If the government do not speak good faith,Enterprise credit and personal credit is more mentioned."Example power is infinite,Positive so,Negative more so.In recent years,Some government officials and lack of trust,Surface a/Behind a,Deceives his superiors and deludes his subordinates,On the whole social negative effects will be enlarged many times."XiaXueLuan said.

　　另外，人们面对弱势群体，抱着多一事不如少一事的想法，比如“小悦悦”事件和老人跌倒无人扶现象，源头都在于道德防线的崩溃，这其中既有大环境的影响，更不乏个人信仰的缺失。

In addition,People in the face of the disadvantaged groups,Hold the less trouble the better ideas,Such as"Small jinfenshijia will"Events and the old man fall no one will help her phenomenon,The source is the collapse of the moral line,This both the influence of the environment,There is no lack of more the lack of personal beliefs.

　从每个人不说谎做起 From everyone start don't lie

　　诚信，对个人是道德问题，对企业是形象和利益问题，对政府则是公信力的问题。“诚信缺失的危害不容小觑。”张建新说，当人们一次又一次被骗，自然就会对所有人提高警觉，从而产生焦虑情绪；或者因为大家彼此互相不信任，从而产生孤独、无助的感觉。对于社会而言，人与人之间信任度降低，焦虑、抑郁情绪弥漫，就一定会导致社会冲突的增加，出现人们一方面收入增加了，另一方面幸福感却下降的局面，最终加大社会运转和管理成本。

integrity,For individual is moral problems,To the enterprise is image and interests,For the government is the problem of credibility."The harm of lack of trust to be reckoned."ZhangJianXin said,When people again and again be cheat,Nature will all be alert,So as to produce anxiety;Or because you don't trust each other,Resulting loneliness/Helpless feeling.In terms of the social,Interpersonal trust reduce,anxiety/Depressed mood permeates,Will lead to the increase of social conflict,On the one hand there people have higher income,On the other hand happiness but decline situation,Eventually increase the social operation and management cost.

　　要想挽回社会诚信，两位专家一致认为，最重要的是依靠建立健全法律法规、严格执法，提高违法成本。在西方社会，维系诚信的力量首先是法律。美国、加拿大、澳大利亚和欧洲等国都颁布了道德法典。在德国，诚信和个人发展息息相关，比如乘车逃票被查到，就会写入个人信用记录，成为终生的污点。新加坡目前实施公务员公积金制度，如果公务员到正常离职或退休时未发生失信于宣誓承诺的行为，可获得一笔可观的公积金；如果在其任职期间诚信出了问题，公积金就必须上缴国库。“在中国，诚信的维系仅仅靠道德约束，法律的威慑力还远远不够！在人们道德和诚信严重缺失的关键时刻，我们应该立刻建立相关法律。”夏学銮说。

If you want to save social credit,The two experts agree,The most important thing is rely on to establish and perfect the laws and regulations/Strict law enforcement,Improve illegal cost.In western society,Maintain good faith strength first is legal.The United States/Canada/Australia and Europe and other countries has issued a moral code.In Germany,Honesty and personal development is closely linked,Such as the train ride was checked,Will write personal credit record,A lifelong stain.Singapore now implement civil servants accumulation fund system,If civil servants to normal resignation or retirement has not occurred when your promise to swear commitment behavior,To receive a substantial amount of accumulation fund;If the term of office in good faith out of the question,Accumulation fund must turn over to the state Treasury."In China,Good faith sustain only by moral restraint,The deterrent threat of law is far from enough!People in moral and credit serious lack of critical moment,We should immediately establish relevant laws."XiaXueLuan said.

　　在企业诚信方面，特别是与人们生活和健康息息相关的食品、药品行业，要加强监管，可以设立企业诚信评级机构，一旦企业出现不诚信行为，应该将其录入黑名单并通报，通过罚款、整改等方法提高企业的品质。政府和相关机构更应该杜绝背信、失信的行为和权力滥用，鼓励人们参与社会监督。西方一些发达国家基本做到权力到哪里，监督就到哪里。钱花在哪里，审计就到哪里，政府权力得到了比较好的制衡。

In the enterprise in good faith,Especially with people's life and health food/Pharmaceutical industry,To strengthen the supervision,May set up enterprise credit rating agencies,Once the enterprise appear dishonest behavior,Should the entry list and report,Through the fine/Rectification method to improve the quality of the enterprise.The government and relevant organizations to more should put an end to breach of faith/Dishonest behavior and abuse,To encourage people to participate in social supervision.Some western developed countries basic do power to where,Supervision and went to where.Where is the money,Audit went to where,The government's power to get a better balance.

　　另外，要树立榜样力量，给做好事者多些奖励，宣扬诚信的人和事，让人们认识到，当今社会上还是讲信求义的人多。当然，每个人要从我做起，从小事做起，对身边的人不说谎、不欺骗，对需要帮助的陌生人伸出援手。既然诚信是中华民族的传统美德，那么就该趁我们还没有偏离轨道太远的时候，转身拾起它。（记者 瞿 晟）

In addition,To give an example to power,To do a snoop more rewards,Promote the integrity of people and things,Let people realize,In today's society or speak letter for the righteous.Of course,Everyone should start from me,Starts from the minor matter,Don't lie to the man beside him/Don't cheat,To help a stranger in need of help.Now that honesty is the traditional virtues of the Chinese nation,Then this while we're not too far away from the track,Turned to pick up it.(Reporter's unique sheng)