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成都在家上学族现状调查 他们的未来将如何?--亲稳舆论引导监测室
2012-07-13
1855年,8岁的爱迪生被勒令退学。
1855 years,8 years old Edison was asked to leave school。
他满脑子的奇思异想让他无法融入当时的学校教育,自此开始在家学习。老师,是他的母亲。
His head full of strange think different to let him not into the school education at that time,Since then began to study at home。The teacher,Is his mother。
后来的故事众所周知,他成了世界上最伟大的发明家。
Story later as is known to all,He became the greatest inventors in the world。
这个故事给在家上学的孩子提供了最好的理由。时至今日,美国已有超过120万孩子在家上学。而在中国,这一风潮也正悄然兴起。
This story for the home school children to provide the best reason。today,The United States has more than 1.2 million children at home to school。But in China,The fashion is sadly arisen。
这些家长或因孩子不适应集体生活、或不认同传统教育理念、或不满足于千篇一律的培养方式,而选择了一条少有人走的路。然而,在追求个性化教育的同时,孩子也面临着同伴关系缺失、难与现有制度接轨等诸多问题。而根据我国义务教育法规定,适龄儿童都应该接受义务教育,这也让在家上学群体陷入尴尬。
These parents or children don't adapt to life for collective、Or does not agree with the traditional education ideas、Or don't meet in waking cultivation mode,And selecting a few people walk。however,In the pursuit of individual education at the same time,Children also face a peer relationship lacking、Hard to connect with the existing system such problems。And according to China's obligations prescribed by the education law,That school-age children should receive compulsory education,It also let home school group in an awkward situation。
自5岁半时被接出幼儿园起,欣欣就一直跟着父亲李晨在家上学。
Since the age of five and a half is grounded out since kindergarten,Yan yan have followed his father LiChen at home to school。
在成都,像欣欣这样的孩子已不鲜见。在国内在家上学群体最大的聚集交流地“在家上学联盟”论坛上,“成都联盟”是最活跃的部落之一,成员有78人。而就在本月初,通过“在家上学联盟”召集,全国各地的在家上学响应者,还在云南大理进行了一次经验交流会。
In chengdu,Like a child like this has not yan yan rarely seen。In China the biggest home school group learning together“Home school league”BBS on,“Chengdu alliance”Is one of the most active tribe,The member has 78 people。And in earlier this month,Through the“Home school league”called,All over the country bullishness ofrespondents when home school,Also in yunnan Dali conducted a exchange of experience。
这群孩子为什么不去学校?他们在家学什么?未来,他们又将如何融入现实社会?
The group of children why not go to school?They at home studying???????future,And they will be how to blend in realistic society?
教育部门 Education department
目前,幼儿园不属于义务教育,家长可以选择不去幼儿园。教育行政部门一负责人说:“国家义务教育法规定,凡是6岁以上适龄儿童,都应该接受义务教育。当地政府、社区和街道,有责任督促家长将孩子送进学校。有些家长,他不懂教育规律,一味按照自己的想法去教娃娃,拔苗助长,反倒对娃娃的健康成长不利。”这位负责人还担心,在家上学,缺少与同龄人和社会交流的环境,也会给孩子的情感发育和性格形成造成一定影响。
At present,The kindergarten don't belong to compulsory education,Parents can choose not to go to the kindergarten。Education administrative department a chief says:“State obligations prescribed by the education law,All six years old that school-age children,Should accept the obligation of education。The local government、Community and street,Has the responsibility to urge parents to send your daughter to school。Some parents,He did not understand education law,According to oneself idea to blindly teach doll,Haste makes waste,But to the healthy growth of the doll adverse。”The official also worry,Home school,Lack of communication with peers and social environment,Also can give a child's emotional development and character formation cause certain effect。
不过,不少家长也乐观地表示,中国人的教育观念正逐渐多元化,社会对各种教育理念也越加包容。说不定,当孩子面临升学等问题时,在家上学已经司空见惯,也能和教育制度找到契合点。
but,Many parents also expressed optimism,Chinese education idea is gradually diversity,For all kinds of education concept also society more inclusive。perhaps,When children face problems such as entrance,Home school are common,Also can and education system fit。
有收获 harvest
“到小学学什么呢? “Primary school to learn what?
语文?国学经典都读完了,那些小猫小狗的东西还需要读吗?
Chinese?After the reading of the Chinese classic,The kitten doggie things still need to read?
数学?他知道3+5=8就行了,为什么要反反复复做题呢?
mathematics?He know 3 + 5 = 8 will do,Why to want to make a choice screens?
英语?他都能和外教直接交流了。”
English?He can communicate directly and foreign teachers。”
-为什么退学? -why drop out?
“我爸发现他们不教东西,觉得很担心。” “My dad found that they don't teach things,Feel very worried about。”
欣欣今年10岁,5岁半时,爸爸李晨将她领出了幼儿园。“我爸发现他们不教东西,觉得很担心。”欣欣说。
Yan yan 10 years old this year,Five and a half,Dad LiChen will she brought out the kindergarten。“My dad found that they don't teach things,Feel very worried about。”Yan yan said。
在家里,李晨要求欣欣诵读国学经典,态度严厉。结束功课后,“爸爸又变好了,笑眯眯地说,走吧,去吃披萨”。
At home,LiChen required reading classic Chinese yan yan,Tough attitude。End homework after,“My father was better,Smiling and said,go,To eat pizza”。
“后来,爸爸的几个朋友觉得我好像学得不错,便把他们的孩子也送了过来。”如今,李晨干脆办起学堂,成都二环附近一幢居民楼,4楼和5楼上下三套房子都成了他的教室。
“later,Dad several friends feel like I learn well,He also send their children to come over。”now,LiChen simply gardens school,Chengdu near the road building in a dweller building,4 and 5 of the building floors of three sets of house became his classroom。
“来,你给说说。”李晨对一名女孩说。女孩来自山东,1个多月前离开就读的高中,到这里重点学习英语。她希望通过2~3年努力,参加美国SAT考试,进入美国大学学习。
“to,You tell me the。”LiChen to a girl said。The girl from shandong,Over one month ago left in high school,To focus on learning English here。She hopes that by 2 ~ 3 years of hard work,Join the United States SAT exam,To enter the United States university to study。
女孩说,她之所以选择在家上学,是因为觉得学校学不到什么东西,管理制度又太严格。“我们早上5点起床,5点25分上早自习,6点45分开始跑早操,7点吃饭,7点半到教室,11点50分下课……”她说,即便是这样努力,估计最后也只能上一个二本院校。
The girl said,She chose to go to school at home,Because feel that the school can't learn what things,Management system and too strict。“We get up at five in the morning,5 PM on during morning independent study,6:45 began to run morning exercises,7 points to eat,7:30 to the classroom,11 50 points class……”She said,Even if is such efforts,The estimated only a 2 this academy。
李晨在旁边长吁短叹:“学校这条路走不通,就不能走其他路吗?”
LiChen beside ChangXuDuanTan:“The school this road couldn't get through,Can't go the other way?”
如今,李晨招收在家上学的孩子,也招收补课的学生。他按3~6岁、6~11岁、11~15岁分层,各年龄层有不同的学习内容。欣欣也终于有了“同学”。
now,LiChen recruit home school children,When the class has also recruited students。He press 3 ~ 6 years old、6 to 11 years of age、11 to 15 years old layered,Different age has different learning content。Yan yan are finally have the“students”。
星期一上午数学、下午英语;星期二上午国学、下午英语……在欣欣周一到周五的课表里,这三科的出现频率最高。上英语课的是一个西班牙人,“但英语说得很流利”。数学老师也是从外面请来的,会教方程式,也会讲罗素悖论。星期六是书法、绘画和声乐课。“星期天我就可以玩了!”
Monday morning math、English afternoon;National studies on Tuesday morning、English afternoon……In yan yan Monday to Friday in the schedule,The highest frequency of sorted。The English class is a Spanish,“But speak English fluently”。The math teacher is from the outside of, please,WILL teach equations,Speak Russell paradox。Saturday is calligraphy、Painting and vocal music。“On Sundays I can play!”
欣欣说,“我爸送我到小学体验过一天的生活”。“一天才认6个字,好少呀。我在家一天要读几百个字!”她失望地说。最让她想不通的是,语文老师在黑板上写6个字,让大家读好几遍,还要抄写、默写。“我会写啊,为什么还要写那么多遍?”她耸了耸肩,“无聊”!
Yan yan said,“My dad gave me to elementary school experience a day life”。“One day to recognize six words,Good little ah。I was at home one day to read hundreds of words!”She said in a disappointed。The most let her think impassability is,The language teacher wrote on the blackboard six words,Let everybody read several times,Also copy、write。“I'll write ah,Why write so many times?”She shrugged,“boring”!
-在公园里办学堂 -in the park school hall
“出门就是花花草草,环境好,而且文化氛围浓。” “Go out is beautiful flowers and plants,Environment is good,And the cultural atmosphere of strong。”
5岁半的源源百无聊赖地用一根小塑料棍去逗笼子里的鹦鹉,“Will(威尔),don't be so rude(别这么粗鲁)。”涂易轻声呵斥道。
Five and a half with a stream of took root small plastic stick to stir the parrot cage,“WILL(will),Don 't be so rude(Don't be so rude)。”Tu yi whispered word reprimand angrily。
儿子还在襁褓中时,涂易就坚持对儿子说英语。他原本是成都某中学的物理老师,后到澳大利亚维多利亚科技大学取得教育培训硕士学位。回国后,他办起6家幼儿园,还出版过幼儿启蒙教材。 起初,为了“避嫌”,他没有送儿子到自己的幼儿园读书,而选择了住家附近的一所幼儿园。
Son when he was cast aside,Tu yi we said to the son of English。He used to be a middle school physics teacher of chengdu,To Australia after Victoria university of science and technology training has a master's degree in education。Returned home after,He gardens and home to the kindergarten,Also published baby initiation materials。 At first,In order to“Avert suspicion”,He didn't send their son to the kindergarten reading,And chose the residential area of a nursery school。
“他在幼儿园经常生病。后来发现是因为娃娃小,容易尿裤子,老师没能及时发现和更换。”这种事连续发生几次后,他索性让源源回家上学。 除了英语,源源接触最多的是国学经典。涂易坚信,在小孩子记忆力最好、心灵最纯洁的时候,多接触这些经典,慢慢沉淀,终会发芽开花。就像儿子5岁时,忽然自画自题诗一首,让所有人都惊讶。那幅画就挂在客厅显眼处,几处山包,中有花树直立其间,旁有源源自己题的小诗:春山树长绿叶出,白云漫漫伴我读。
“He often sick in kindergarten。Later found because small doll,Easy urine pants,The teacher didn't find and replace。”This kind of thing continuously happen after a few times,He'd just ask are home to school。 In addition to English,Are most of the classical Chinese contact。Tu yi believe,In a child memory is the best、The heart of purity,More in touch with these classic,Slowly precipitation,WILL bud and blossom。That, as a son when 5 years old,Suddenly the painting as a since,That all the people were amazed。The picture was hanging a prominent place in the sitting room,Several ShanBao,In the meantime reflectance upright,A stream near his topic the little poem:ChunShan tree long green leaves out,The long white clouds with I read。
一年半以前,涂易结识了一群志同道合的父母,他们共同在成都一所文化公园内筹办了一所学堂。 “出门就是花花草草,环境好,而且文化氛围浓。”涂易说。
A year and a half ago,Tu yi met a group of like-minded parents,Together they in chengdu a cultural park for an institution。 “Go out is beautiful flowers and plants,Environment is good,And the cultural atmosphere of strong。”Tu yi said。
学堂上午一般教英语和国学,下午是绘画、茶道、插花、武术、书法和舞蹈课。周末,家长会带孩子去田里劳作。 学堂的每位老师在各自的行业里都有一定名气,虽然许多都是友情收费,价格依然不菲。所以,每个孩子一年要缴6万元,才能勉强维持开销。
General teaching English school morning national,The afternoon is a painting、Tea ceremony、Flower arrangement、Martial arts、Calligraphy and dancing lessons。weekend,Parents are always taking children to the field work。 The school each teacher in their respective industry have certain famous,Although many are friendship charges,Prices still does not poor。so,Each child to pay 60000 yuan RMB a year,Can barely keep spending。
源源马上就满6岁了。但涂易并不打算送儿子进小学。 “到小学学什么呢?语文?国学经典都读完了,那些小猫小狗的东西还需要读吗?数学?他知道3+5=8就行了,为什么要反反复复做题呢?英语?他都能和外教直接交流了。”涂易不以为然地说。 有遗憾 “你要明白,孩子在家上学,要比去学校上学学得更好,才会有出路。 回过头来想,我宁愿孩子学习没那么优秀,也要给她一个与同龄人一起成长的空间。”
Keeps'll full six years old。But does not intend to send their son to besmear in primary school。 “Primary school to learn what?Chinese?After the reading of the Chinese classic,The kitten doggie things still need to read?mathematics?He know 3 + 5 = 8 will do,Why to want to make a choice screens?English?He can communicate directly and foreign teachers。”Tu yi disagree。 that “You have to understand,Children at home to school,To go to school than to learn better,Would have a way out。 Turned to want to,I would rather not so good children learn,Also want to give her a together with peers of the growth of the space。”
-过来人的辛酸 -a n experienced person's way
“她本该和同龄人一起蹦蹦跳跳,结果,女儿的童年回忆都是和爸爸在一起。”
“She should have together with the contemporary leap to jump,The results,Her daughter's childhood memories are and father together。”
高成也是在家上学的践行者。他的女儿如今已18岁,正在国外攻读硕士学位。但他认为,现在好些在家上学的家长是盲目的。他说,自己实属被逼上梁山。
GaoCheng is also the home school the practice。His daughter now already 18 years old,Are foreign study for a master's degree。But he thinks,Now many of home school parents is blind。He said,It was their revolt。
高成的女儿小学成绩很好,从一年级跳到三年级,又从三年级跳到六年级,却和新环境格格不入。“同学嫉妒她。我当时忽略了这个问题,以为成绩好就完事了。”无奈之下,高成决定让女儿回家上学,所有教材和课程由他自己安排。
GaoCheng daughter elementary school results were very good,Jump from one grade three grade,And from grade three to six grade,But the new environment and fit。“Classmates envy her。I was ignored the problem,Think well gets the job done。”Helpless under,GaoCheng decided to let her daughter home to school,All the teaching materials and courses by his own arrangements。
回顾女儿的在家上学路,高成只用了一个字来概括:“疼”。
Review the daughter home school road,GaoCheng only a word to summarize:“pain”。
“你要明白,孩子在家上学,要比去学校上学学得更好,才会有出路。回过头来想,我宁愿孩子学习没那么优秀,也要给她一个与同龄人一起成长的空间。”他说:“当孩子一个人孤独地在学习路上攀登时,她本该和同龄人一起蹦蹦跳跳,一起过生日,一起唱喜欢的歌……结果,女儿的童年回忆都是和爸爸在一起。”
“You have to understand,Children at home to school,To go to school than to learn better,Would have a way out。Turned to want to,I would rather not so good children learn,Also want to give her a together with peers of the growth of the space。”He said:“When a child a solitary in learning the way climbing,She should have together with the contemporary leap to jump,Birthday together,Sing like song……The results,Her daughter's childhood memories are and father together。”
高成说,他其实特别反对幼儿园就在家上学。
GaoCheng said,He actually against kindergarten home school is special。
“孩子去幼儿园,就是跟小伙伴玩。学会排队,学会守集体的规矩,学会保护自己———这都是在家没法学的。”
“Children go to the kindergarten,Is a play with。Learn to line up,Learn to keep the rules of the collective,Learn to protect themselves- -this is not the law at home。”
-未来,仍在徘徊 -the future,Still wandering in
“在家自己教,我不知道他以后能不能适应升学,适应学校环境。”
“Taught at home,I don't know that he can adapt to after universities,Adapt to the school environment。”
在家上学,并不是近几年才出现的。成都本地媒体就曾报道过成都女孩蓉榕,在家上学到11岁,去年被美国南加州大学录取的故事。 对这些孩子来说,不沿着现行教育制度的轨迹走,他们的未来又在何方? 涂易说,他没想那么远。如果儿子喜欢在家上学,就一直上下去,如果想进学校,他也会尊重儿子的意愿。
Home school,And not only appeared in recent years。Chengdu local media has reported chengdu girl banyan rong,Home school to 11 years of age,Last year was the university of southern California in the story of admission。 For in these children,Not the current education system along the track of the walk,Their future and in where you are going? Tu yi said,He didn't want to so far。If the son like to stay at home to school,Has been on it,If want to go to school,He will also respect the will of the son。
还有家长仍在徘徊。许丽因对老师的教育方式不满而带6岁的儿子得得离开幼儿园,但她对小学名校仍然向往。“他最终还是要上大学,还是要面对考试。在家自己教,我不知道他以后能不能适应升学,适应学校环境。”
And parents are still in wander。XuLi to the teacher's education way because of dissatisfaction with 6 year old son may have to leave the kindergarten,But she still yearning for elementary school。“He eventually want to go to college,Or to face the exam。Taught at home,I don't know that he can adapt to after universities,Adapt to the school environment。”
“当少年大学生,或是出国。”高成说,这是当下在家读书的孩子最常走的两条路。但他也以过来人的经验劝告,如果孩子不是特别不适应学校,如果家长不是决心在家上学这条路上走到底,那就不要轻易尝试。“我当时让孩子退学,孩子谢我,当孩子大了,因为我助她退学,反而怪我。”
“When a young college students,Or go abroad。”GaoCheng said,This is the children read at home at present the most often go two ways。But he also talked to experience advice,If the child is not especially not adapt to the school,If parents not to go to school at home it their way through to the end,Then do not easily to try。“I had to let the children drop out of school,Children thank me,When a child big,Because I help her to drop out of school,But blame me。”
他说,他一直在思考,有没有可能会有这么一个天空,“让他们可以自由飞翔,又不会窒息”。(成都商报记者 王冕)(文中均为化名)
He said,He has been thinking,Is it possible there will be such a sky,“Let they can fly,And won't suffocate”。(Chengdu shangbao braving the reporter)(This paper are aliases)
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