增加单字600个 新增词语3000个 600 new words increase words

　　中国辞书学会会长、《现代汉语词典》第6版修订主持人江蓝生介绍，距离上一版修订已过去7年，新版词典中的新词新义新用法充分反映了中国新时期特别是近几年来涌现的新事物、新概念、社会生活的新变化和人们的新观念。

Chinese dictionaries association、《The modern Chinese dictionary》The revised version 6 LanSheng jiang is introduced，A revised edition on the distance has in the past seven years，The new dictionary of the new new use new meanings reflected the China new time especially in recent years the emergence of a new things、The new concept、The new changes and social life of the people in new ideas。

　　此次修订遵循《现代汉语词典》引导规范的一贯宗旨，并以通用性为原则，吸收了有关专家学者的最新成果，依照规范标准审慎确定了字形、字音；对字头的简繁、正异关系进行了梳理；还增加单字600多个（以地名、姓氏及科技用字为主），共收各类单字1.3万多个。增收新词语和其他词语3000多条，增补新义400多项，删除少量陈旧的词语和词义，共收条目6.9万多条。

The revision follow《The modern Chinese dictionary》The aim has always we guide，And in general for the principle，Absorb the latest achievements of the experts，In accordance with the standards prudent determined the glyph、'；"Jane to bloom、The article is different relations；Also increase more than 600 words（To place、Last name and technology--primarily），The total of all kinds of more than 13000 words。'income to new words and other more than 3000 words，Added more than 400 new meanings，Delete a few old words and meaning，The entry of more than 69000。

　　修订参照国家语委《汉语拼音正词法基本规则》修订课题组和《普通话轻声词儿化词规范》课题组的意见，对条目的注音做了修订；此外，还按类别，针对口语词、方言词、文言词、专科词、外来词、西文字母词等，对释义进行了全面的检查和修订。据专家介绍，第6版还配合释义增补了近百幅古代器物等方面的插图，并根据有关标准和新的研究成果对检字表和附录做了修订。

According to the revised China《Chinese pinyin orthographic basic rules》Revised group and《The word standard mandarin word softly》Our opinions，The entry of phonetic the revised；In addition，Also by category，Spoken words in、Dialect words、Wen words、Specialized subject words、Foreign words、The western language letters, etc，To paraphrase a comprehensive examination and revision。According to expert introduction，6 edition also cooperate with definition a supplement to nearly of ancient artifacts, and other aspects of the illustrations，And according to the relevant standards and new research results to JianZiBiao and appendix the revised。

　　商务印书馆总经理于殿利介绍，为了新版词典以高质量面对读者，编辑部投入了大量的人力，其中校对达到了11个校次。而在印装环节，各印刷企业将《现代汉语词典》视为重大文化工程，不仅设立了专门的生产车间，还确立专门的印装流程，制定专门的管理措施，执行严密的储运计划。

The commercial press general manager in the house is introduced，In order to the new dictionary to high quality face of the reader，The editorial department spent a great deal of human，Among them to 11 school proofreading again。And in jianchang link，The printing enterprise will《The modern Chinese dictionary》As a major cultural project，Not only established a special production workshop，Also establish special jianchang process，Formulate special management measures，Perform strict storage and transportation plan。

　　中央电视台播音员贺红梅说：“我们每天有30人次参与播出，每天翻阅词典的次数大约是12000次，最多的时候是27000次。”据她透露，很多时候播音员在面对新人名、新地名、多音字会有不少困惑，新版词典的到来，让他们有了最新标准答案。

The central television announcer HeGongMei said：“Every day we have 30 people participate in broadcasting，Every day, consult the dictionary is about 12000 times the number of times，Most of the time is 27000 times。”According to her that，A lot of time in the face of new broadcaster、New places、There will be a lot of confusion polyphonic characters，The arrival of the new dictionary，Let them have the latest standard answer。

解读 interpretation

新词收入凸显人文关怀 New income highlight humanistic care

　　《现代汉语词典》如同记录社会生活的晴雨表，和历次修订一样，词典新增词语是最令人关注的一个方面，此次修订的第6版在增收3000条新词的同时，也显现出社会语言发展的新亮点和新特点。尤其令人关注的是，关于“剩男”“剩女”等时尚新词被拒收，更是凸显出这部“国”字牌规范词典的人文关怀之意。

《The modern Chinese dictionary》As records of a barometer of social life，And all previous revision，The dictionary is the most notable new words，The revised version 6 in article 3000 of the new words and income，Presents the development of new social language highlights and new features。Especially a concern is，about“Left male”“Female left”And other fashion new word to be rejected，But also highlights the“countries”Zhong standard of the humanities concern the meaning of the dictionary。

涉及社会方方面面 In the social aspect

代表词汇：廉租房 首付 电子书 Representative vocabulary：Down for the ebook

　　此次新增词语可谓涉及社会生活的方方面面。

The new words is involved in all aspects of the social life。

　　其中，与经济有关的有：产业链、环比、负资产、第一桶金、民营企业、非公有制经济、文化产业等；与社会建设和管理有关的有：医疗保险、医改、民调、首问制、调峰、限行、摇号、调节税等；与大众日常生活相关的有：产权证、房贷、群租、二手房、廉租房、两限房、动车、屏蔽门、高铁、轨道交通、车贷、车险、代驾、酒驾、醉驾等；反映时下新的生活方式的有：首付、拼车、拼购、团购、网购、网聊、瘦身、塑身、茶叙、自驾游、自助游、背包客等；与计算机、互联网有关的有：播客、博客、博文、跟帖、超媒体、电子书、电子政务、内联网、物联网、网评、网瘾、微博、云计算等。

Among them，And the economy：Industry chain、Annulus comparing、Negative assets、First bucket of gold、Private enterprise、Non-public sectors of the economy、Cultural industries；And social construction and management related：Medical insurance、Cure of the、polls、First asked system、Peak shaving、Limit line、Wave number、Such as tax；And the public are related to daily life：Property right card、mortgage、Group of rent、Secondhand the room、Low-cost housing、Two limited room、Move the car、Platform screen door、High iron、Rail transit、Car loan、Car insurance、Generation coming、Drunk driving、Drunk driving etc；Reflect new way of life is now：down、carpooling、Spell purchase、bulk、e-commerce、Nets chat、Thin body、Model body、Tea gathering、ZiJiaYou、self-help、Backpackers, etc；And computer、Internet related：podcast、blog、bowen、reply、Super media、ebook、Electronic government affairs、Intranet、Content networking、Nets evaluation、addiction、Micro bo、Cloud computing, etc。

真实记录社会生活 True record social life

代表词汇：低碳 闪婚 月光族 Representative vocabulary：Low carbon lightning marriages moonlight clan

　　增收新词真实地记录了当代社会生活。

New real income recorded the contemporary social life。

　　像源自西方的“父亲节、母亲节、感恩节、情人节”等词语，反映中西文化的交流与融合；“洋插队、落地签证、申根协定”等条目是众多国民走出国门的写照；“低碳、减耗、减排、减碳、新能源、光伏效应、电子污染、二手烟”等可以看出我国的社会建设正在稳步推进，民众环保意识也大大增强；“北漂、草根、社工、达人、高管、愤青、名嘴、香蕉人、小皇帝、蚁族、月光族、全职太太”等名词直观地反映了一些新的社会群体及其特点；“闪婚、闪离、试婚”等词语反映了传统婚恋观所受到的巨大冲击；“拜金主义、傍大款、买官、贪腐、碰瓷、吃回扣、潜规则、封口费、关系网、冷暴力、霸王条款”等词语反映了进入社会转型期，市场经济在促进生产力发展的同时，也给社会风气和人们的价值观带来一些负面影响。

From the west as“Father's day、Mother's day、Thanksgiving、Valentine's day”words，Reflect the exchange of Chinese and western culture and the fusion；“The cut in line、Landing visa、Schengen agreement”Many items such as is the national out of the country portraiture；“Low carbon、To reduce fuel、emissions、Carbon reduction、The new energy、Photovoltaic effects、Electronic pollution、Secondhand smoke”And can see the society construction in our country is steadily，The people environmental protection consciousness also greatly enhanced；“North drift、grassroots、Social work、da、executives、Anger green、jock、Banana people、Small emperor、Ant family、Moonlight clan、Full-time wife”Terms such as directly reflected some new social groups and its characteristics；“Flash marriage、Flash from、ShiHun”Words reflects traditional marriage has the huge impact；“Worship of the、Alongside big style、Buy officer、corruption、Touch porcelain、ChiHuiKou、Unspoken rules、fee、relationships、Cold violence、Overlord terms”Words reflects the society transformation，Market economy in promoting the development of productivity and at the same time，Also to social atmosphere and people's values has some negative influence。

新词义反映社会变迁 New meaning reflect social change

代表词汇：宅 奴 山寨 Representative vocabulary：Curtilage slave strongholds

　　一些词语的新义新用法体现了词义的发展变化，也反映出社会的变迁和人们对事物认识的变化。

Some new meanings of words new usage reflected the development and change of meaning，Also reflects the change of society and people to know things change。

　　江蓝生说，“宅”增加了新义，即“待在家里不出门（多指沉迷于上网或玩电子游戏等室内活动）”，她认为，在这里当动词用，带点小幽默，感情色彩浓厚。

Jiang LanSheng said，“curtilage”Added new meanings，namely“Stay in the home not to go out（Much addicted to the Internet to play video games or such indoor activities）”，She thought，Here when the verb，With a little humor，Strong emotional color。

　　此外，“奴”的新义有“称失去某种自由的人，特指为了偿还贷款而不得不辛苦劳作的人(含贬义或戏谑意)”，体现了当下不少年轻人的生活状态。“山寨”的新义“仿造的；非正牌的”和“非主流的；民间性质的”，“漂白”的新义“比喻通过某些手段，把非法所得变成合法所得”，反映出市场经济下一些人的生产经营行为；“大使”的新义“借指为推动某项事业的开展而做推介、宣传等工作的代表性人物”，则是一些公众人物影响力的写照。

In addition，“slavery”New meanings of a“Says lose something free people，Especially in order to repay the loan and have to hard work(Contain derogatory sense or an idea)”，Reflect the current many young life status。“strongholds”New meanings of“fake；The proper”and“Outside the mainstream of；Folk properties of the”，“bleaching”New meanings of“Parables through some means，The illegal income into a legitimate income”，Under the market economy reflects some of the production and business operation behavior；“ambassador”New meanings of“Borrow refers to a cause to promote the development of recommendation and do、Propaganda and so on the representative work”，Is some public figures the portrayal of influence。

　　江蓝生认为，有的词虽然出现时间短，但符合语法，表现力强，而且能够在词义和用法上填补汉语词汇系统中的空缺，使表达更加丰富多样，这样的词就应该增收。

Jiang LanSheng think，Some words appear although time is short，But with the grammar，Strong expressiveness，And in the meaning and usage to fill the vacancy Chinese vocabulary system，Make expression is more rich variety，Such words should be income。

二百多个新兴洋词被收入 More than two hundred new words are the income

代表词汇：CPI PM2.5 FTA Representative vocabulary：CPI PM2.5 FTA

　　第6版还收纳230多个对老百姓生活有影响的字母词，它们的面世还真为不少人帮了大忙。

6 edition also receive more than 230 people living in the effect of letters，They come for many people is a big help。

　　2011年，国家语言资源监测与研究中心的一项问卷调查显示，即使是文化程度较高的网民，对12个在媒体上使用频度较高的外语缩略词，如GDP、4S店、3G、ATM、GPS等也远未达到“知道其大概含义”的程度，普通民众对一些外语缩略词的真正含义更是知之甚少。据介绍，最近为媒体所广泛引用的PM2.5等外语缩略词，与人民群众生活及切身利益息息相关，但许多人并不知道其准确含义。

2011 years，The national language resources monitoring and research center of a survey showed，Even if is of higher culture of web users，12 in the media to use frequency higher foreign language acronym，Such as GDP、4 S inn、3 G、ATM、GPS are far from reach“Know about the meaning”degree，Ordinary people for some foreign language acronym is the real meaning of the knowledge。According to introducing，Recently widely quoted for media such as PM2.5 of foreign language acronym，And people's life and the vital interests is closely linked，But many people may not know its precise meaning。

　　而在第6版《现代汉语词典》中，新收了不少这类新兴的洋词儿，并给出了相应的解释。如CPI（居民消费价格指数）、PPI（工业品出厂价格指数）、PM2.5（空气中飘浮的直径小于2.5微米的可吸入颗粒物）、ECFA（海峡两岸经济合作框架协议）、FTA（自由贸易协定）等等。

And in the sixth edition《The modern Chinese dictionary》in，A new charge of this kind of new word the yankees，And the corresponding explanation。Such as the CPI（Consumer price index）、PPI（Factory-gate prices index）、PM2.5（Floating in the air of less than 2.5 microns in diameter of pm10）、ECFA（Cross-strait economic cooperation framework agreement）、FTA（Free trade agreement）, etc。

新外来词方言词写进词典 The new foreign words dialect words written in the dictionary

代表词汇：丁克 嘚瑟 指定 Representative vocabulary：Best wishes dink boxer specified

　　改革开放以来，由于社会的开放和人员的流动，一些外来词、方言词和港澳台地方词大量进入普通话，也让社会语言生活变得丰富多彩。

Since the reform and opening，Because of the open society and the flow of personnel，Some foreign words、Dialect words and Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan place word entered the mandarin，Also let social language becomes rich and colorful life。

　　此次收入《现代汉语词典》的外来词主要集中在英语和日语。其中源于英语的有“博客、微博、丁克、晒、粉丝、嘉年华、脱口秀、舍宾、斯诺克”等；而源于日语的有“刺身、定食、寿司、天妇罗、榻榻米、通勤、手账、数独、新人类、宅急送”等。

The income《The modern Chinese dictionary》Foreign words mainly in English and Japanese。From English among them“blog、Micro bo、dink、Bask in、fans、carnival、Talk show、SheBin、The snooker”etc；And from the Japanese“Thorn body、Set food、sushi、The tempura、Couch couch rice、commuter、Hand accounts、sudoku、The new human、just-in-time”etc。

　　粤港澳地区对普通话影响力持续高涨，据专家介绍，除了第5版已收的“埋单、炒鱿鱼”等以外，第6版又增收了“八卦、搞掂（搞定）、狗仔队、无厘头、手信、饮茶”等。而来自台湾地区的新条目则有“呛声、挺、力挺、糗、出糗、捷运、空中大学、劈腿、软体、硬体、管道（渠道）”以及与选举文化有关的“拜票、谢票、站台”等。

In guangdong to mandarin influence remain high，According to expert introduction，In addition to the fifth edition received“bill、fired”Outside such as，6 edition and income“gossip、final（fix）、paparazzi、wulitou、Hand letter、Drinking tea”etc。From Taiwan region's new entries were there“Choke sound、quite、hard、(、The most、MRT、University of the air、Split leg、software、hardware、pipeline（channel）”With the election and the culture“Worship ticket、Thank ticket、platform”etc。

　　有意思的是，由于赵本山小品和电视剧的广泛影响，东北方言的“忽悠、嘚瑟、指定”等方言词也进了第6版。

Interesting is，Because zhao4 ben3 shan sketch and extensive influence of the TV series，Northeast dialect“suddenly、Lyres best wishes、designated”And dialect words also entered the sixth edition。

　　关于外来词、地方方言新词收入《现代汉语词典》第6版，北京语言大学教授李宇明说：“第6版收入的新词不少具有口语色彩、方言色彩，这是非常有智慧的做法，符合现代语言生活的需要，体现了普通话词汇和方言词汇、口语词汇相互流动的关系。”

Foreign words about、Local dialect new income《The modern Chinese dictionary》Version 6，Beijing language and culture university professor li told said：“Many of the new version 6 income has spoken English colour、Dialect colour，This is very wise practices，Meet the need of modern language life，Embodies the mandarin vocabulary and dialect vocabulary、Oral English vocabulary each other the relationship between the flow。”

增收新词并非见新就收 New words are not accept new income

拒收词汇代表：剩女 剩男 裸官 Rejected vocabulary represents：With the naked man with women

　　此次修订还充分考虑了引导社会的使用和语言自身的规范等因素，并非见新就收。

The revision also considered fully guide social and use of the language of their own standard, and other factors，Not a new will close。

　　江蓝生举例说，第6版收了“宅男、宅女”，没有收“剩男、剩女”；收了“泡吧”，没有收“泡妞”；收了“裸婚”，没有收“裸官、裸奔”；像“哈韩、哈日、犀利哥、虎妈、狼爸”以及“性工作者、同志（同性恋）”一类词语，目前都以不收为宜。“对于因种种原因不能及时结婚的人，他们有各种各样的原因，我们把他们说成‘剩男’、‘剩女’，从某种角度来说是不够尊重人的，所以我们不收。”她还补充道，《现代汉语词典》作为一部规范性的词典也没有收“同志（同性恋）”这个词，“就说明我们不想提倡这些东西，不想聚焦这些东西。”

Jiang LanSheng for example，Version 6 received“Home guy、Curtilage female”，Do not receive“Left male、Female left”；Took the“bar-hopping”，Do not receive“Bubble girl”；Took the“Naked marriage”，Do not receive“Naked officer、streaking”；like“Ha Korea、Ha,、Sharp elder brother、Tiger mother、The Wolf dad”and“Sex workers、comrade（gay）”Kind of words，At present are not accept for appropriate。“For a variety of reasons for not in time to get married，They have various kinds of reasons，We put them into said‘Left male’、‘Female left’，In some ways is not enough respect，So we don't。”She also added，《The modern Chinese dictionary》As a normative dictionary and no charge“comrade（gay）”The word，“Means that we don't want to advocate these things，Don't want to focus on these things。”

　　此外，对于新的用法也视情况而定，例如第6版收了“雷”的动词用法“使震惊”，却暂不收“超、巨”的副词用法。江蓝生解释说，“‘巨好看’、‘超爽’，这些词现在很流行，也很生动，但是它适用的范围是在一部分人当中使用，在正式的媒体当中也很少出现。这些词我们认为还是观察一段，如果它将来确实被绝大多数的群众都使用了，我们再收进来。”

In addition，For new usage also depends，For example the version 6......“ray”Verb usage“Make shocked”，But temporary don't accept“super、giant”Adverbs usage of。Jiang LanSheng explained，“‘Giant good-looking’、‘Super cool’，These words are in fashion now，Also very vivid，But it applicable range is in use in part of the people，In the official media rarely appear among。These words we think or watch a，If it really is the future of most of the people are in use，We will accept to come in。”

　　港澳台地区“有”的副词用法（用在某些动词前面，表示行为动作曾经发生或事情已经完成，如“我有去过上海”），近几年来对内地有一定影响。江蓝生说，考虑到这与普通话语法的规范有关，决定缓收，还是继续观察一段时间再说。

Hong Kong, Macao and Taiwan regions“have”Adverbs usage of（Some verbs used in front，Said actions or things happened has been finished，if“I have been to Shanghai”），In recent years have certain influence to the mainland。Jiang LanSheng said，Consider this the grammar of standard mandarin and relevant，Decided to HuanShou，Or continue to watch a time again。

链接 link

历经5次修订 After five revised

　　《现代汉语词典》1956年7月开始收集资料，1958年初开始编写，1960年印出“试印本”征求意见，直到1978年才正式出版。这是中国首部权威的现代汉语规范型词典，由中国社会科学院语言研究所编纂，商务印书馆出版，著名语言学家吕叔湘、丁声树曾先后主持工作。该词典迄今已印刷400多次，发行5000万册。

《The modern Chinese dictionary》Beginning in July 1956 to collect data，In early 1958, began writing，Printed in 1960“ShiYin this”For advice，Until 1978 the official publication。This is China's first authoritative standard modern Chinese type dictionary，By the Chinese academy of social sciences language institute compilation，The commercial press published，LvShuXiang famous linguist、DingShengShu once successively presided over the job。This dictionary has been printing more than 400 times，Issue 50 million books。

　　《现代汉语词典》正式出版后，先后经历了5次修订，每次都是在保持原有优点的基础上进一步完善，以求精益求精。

《The modern Chinese dictionary》After the official publication，Has gone through the five revision，Every time is in keep original based on the advantage of further perfection，In order to keep improving。

　　第一次修订（1980-1983年），小修，出版后即第2版。收词、注释略做增删调整，着重从思想内容方面进一步消除“文化大革命”的影响。

The first amendment（1980-1983），Minor repairs，After the second edition is published。entries、Comments slightly do original work adjustment，Emphatically from the ideological content to eliminate“Cultural revolution”influence。

　　第二次修订（1993-1996年），大修，出版后即第3版。收录条目61000多条，着力增收改革开放后出现的新词新义，附录中增加了西文字母开头的词，贯彻新的普通话异读词审音规范，同音节字头排列改为按笔画排列，异形词不再采用并列出条的方式。因篇幅原因，正文前删去了四角号码检字表。

The second amendment（1993-1996），overhaul，After the third edition is published。Included more than 61000 entries，Focus on the income after the reform and opening of the new words in the new meanings，Appendix increased in the western letters word，Implement the new YiDou judge standard mandarin words sound，"Arrangement with syllable to press stroke arrangement，YiXingCi no longer for a way of the article。Lack of space reason，The text out before JianZiBiao Numbers。

　　第三次修订（2002年），小修，出版后即第4版。本版增加1200多个新词语，用粉页印刷，附在正文后面。

The third revised（2002 years），Minor repairs，After publishing that version 4。Benban increase more than 1200 new words，Page with pink printing，Attached to the text behind。

　　第四次修订（1999-2005年），收录条目65000多条。对同音同形词、离合词等进行重新审视，贯彻《第一批异形词整理表》，在区分词与非词的基础上全面标注词类。

The fourth amendment（1999-2005），Included more than 65000 entries。With the form of homophones words、Clutch word of reviewing，implement《The first batch of YiXingCi ZhengLiBiao》，Distinguish between the word and the word on the basis of the full mark parts of speech。

　　第五次修订（2008-2012年），大修，出版后即第6版。收录条目69000多条，其中收录单字13000多个（新增的有600多个，以地名、姓氏人名及科技用字为主），按照语言文字规范，调整了注音和多字条目的分连写，按类别对注释进行全面的检查修订，对释义提示词也做了统一修订，配合注释增加了近百幅古代器物方面的插图。

The fifth amendment（2008-2012），overhaul，After publishing that version 6。Included more than 69000 entries，Includes more than 13000 words（There are more than 600 of the new，To place、Last name names and technology--primarily），According to the standard language，Adjusted the phonetic and more note purpose points ligatures，According to the category of comments in an all-round way to see revised，To paraphrase the cue word to do the unified revision，Cooperate with comments increased nearly picture of ancient artifacts illustrations。

见证 witness

不同版本词语串起时代变迁 Different versions of the words change of the time

　　词汇的变迁反映了社会的变迁，《现代汉语词典》在历次修订中对某些词语和义项做了修改，从一个独特视角记录了半个世纪以来人们对某些事物认识的变化，读来别有趣味和深意。

The change of vocabulary reflects society changes，《The modern Chinese dictionary》In many times in the revision of certain words and meanings of the amendment，From a unique perspective record for a half century people some things to know the changes，Read to don't have fun and profound。

　　经济：1978年第1版收录“个体经济、集体经济、小农经济、小商品经济、计划经济、商品经济”，至1996年第3版增收“市场经济、国有企业、民营企业、私营企业”，2012年第6版增收“非公有制经济、三资企业、乡镇企业”。展示了我国从计划经济逐步过渡到社会主义市场经济的经济体制改革历程。

economic：The first edition in 1978 included“Individual economic、Collective economic、Small peasant economy、Commodity economy、Planned economy、Commodity economy”，The third edition in 1996 to income“Market economy、State-owned enterprise、Private enterprise、Private enterprise”，2012 the 6 edition 'income“Non-public sectors of the economy、Three-capital enterprise、Town enterprise”。Show the country from planned economy gradually transition to the socialist market economy, the economic system reform process。

　　住房：1978年第1版收录“公房、私房、民房、平房”，至1996年第3版增收“商品房、套房、危房、塔楼、筒子楼”，2012年第6版又增收“房改房、炒房、单元房、二手房、经济适用房、廉租房、两限房、毛坯房、期房、尾房、现房、样板房、样板间、板楼、写字楼、尾楼”。反映出我国住房制度改革的进程：从福利分房到自购商品房，到房地产的置换买卖，再到政府改善民生、保障低收入群体住房的各类安置住房等。

housing：The first edition in 1978 included“Public housing、private、houses、bungalow”，The third edition in 1996 to income“Commodity house、suite、Dangerous house、tower、Tube-shaped apartment”，2012 the 6 edition and income“Room to room、ChaoFang、units、Secondhand the room、Economy applicable room、Low-cost housing、Two limited room、Semifinished product room、Period room、WeiFang、backlog、Example room、Between example、Board floor、Office buildings、poop”。Reflect our country housing system reform process：From welfare to devote epw commodity house，To the replacement of real estate business，And then to government to improve the livelihood of the people、Ensure all kinds of resettlement low-income housing housing, etc。

　　出行：1978年第1版收录“出租汽车、电车、公共汽车、火车、轿车、卡车、列车、马车、摩托车、汽车、人力车、三轮车、兽力车、自行车、地铁、公路、马路、铁路”，1996年第3版增收了“飙车、打车、电瓶车、塞车、高速公路”，2012年第6版增收“摆渡车、泊车、磁浮列车、磁悬浮列车、动车、堵车、房车、概念车、公车、黑车、旅行车、拼车、私车、洗车、验车、城市铁路、城铁、辅路、高架路、高速铁路、高铁、环路、快速路、轻轨、轻轨铁路、主路”。揭示了随着我国经济和社会的发展，人们生活水平不断提高，交通设施越来越健全，交通出行越来越便捷、越来越多样化，但交通拥堵问题也随之出现。

travel：The first edition in 1978 included“Rental car、tram、The bus、The train、cars、truck、train、carriage、motorcycle、car、rickshaw、tricycle、ShouLiChe、bicycle、subway、highway、The road、railway”，1996 third edition 'income“racing、Taking a taxi、sanya、Traffic jam、highway”，2012 the 6 edition 'income“Ferry vehicle、parking、Maglev train、Maglev train、Move the car、traffic、rv、Concept car、bus、Black car、Station wagon、carpooling、fact、Car wash、Check car、Urban railway、Commuter trains、The auxiliary、road、High-speed railway、High iron、loop、expressway、Light rail、railway、massive”。Reveals along with our country economy and social development，Continuously improve the people's living standard，Traffic facilities are becoming more and more perfect，Transportation more and more convenient、More diverse，But the problem of traffic congestion has emerged。

　　通信：1978年第1版收录“报话机、步谈机、电报、电话、电视电话、电子计算机、计算机、交换机”，1996年第3版增收“传真机、录音电话”，2012年第6版增收“笔记本式计算机、对讲机、固定电话、固话、互联网、局域网、可视电话、平板计算机、视频电话、手机、数字电话、网络电话、网络计算机、无绳电话、物联网、寻呼机、移动电话、因特网”。展现了我国通信设施由简单的电话电报，到手机及网络通信等数字方式的发展过程。

communication：The first edition in 1978 included“His walkie-talkie、步谈机、cable、phone、TV phone、Electronic computer、computer、switches”，1996 third edition 'income“Fax machine、Recording phone”，2012 the 6 edition 'income“Notebook computer type、interphone、Fixed telephone、fixed-line、The Internet、LAN、Video phone、Tablet computer、Video phone、Mobile phone、Digital phone、Internet phone、Network computer、Cordless phone、Content networking、pager、Mobile phone、The Internet”。Show the communication facilities in China by simple telephone cable，To the phone and network communication and digital mode process of development。

　　社会群体：1978年第1版收录“民工、牧民、农民、佣工”，1996年第3版增收“船民、村民”，2012年第6版增收“彩民、单身贵族、工薪族、股民、护工、汇民、基民、啃老族、农民工、上班族、社工、网民、烟民、月光族、蚁族、义工”，见证了我国国民职业性质的多样化及相关从业者心理的变化。（记者 路艳霞）

Social groups：The first edition in 1978 included“Migrant workers、nomads、farmers、helpers”，1996 third edition 'income“boat、The villagers”，2012 the 6 edition 'income“resident、Lone noble、dives、people、Nursing workers、Send people、Base civilian、Boomerang child、Migrant workers、Office worker、Social work、Internet users、smokers、Moonlight clan、Ant family、volunteers”，Witness the China's national professional nature of the diversity and related practitioners psychological changes。（Reporter road colourful xia）