尽管国家三令五申禁止统一征订教辅书，但依旧未能斩断教辅资料伸向学生的捞钱“黑手”。

Although the national unified teaching assistants rectification unlawful to subscribe to the book，But still fail to take teaching assistant material to the students' money“Black hand”。

　　《经济参考报》记者在安徽调查时发现，学生并没有真正减轻负担，书包依旧被多种多样的辅导书占据。事实上，在行政力量的推动下，各个学校仅仅用家长签字的一张订书单，就可以顺理成章的继续进行着“统一征订”。除了各教辅出版社外，当地教育行政部门、新华书店、学校也在理所应当的分食着其中高额利益，在清晰可见的教辅书暴利产业链条下，本应干净的义务教育产业，正面临着被蚕食和破坏的巨大危机。

《Economic reference quote》The reporter survey found that in anhui province，Students and not really reduce burden，Bag were still a wide variety of coach book occupies。In fact，In the push of administrative power，Each schools only in the parents of a single sign books ordered，Can the matter to“Unity to subscribe to the”。In addition to the teaching assistant press outside，The local education administrative department、Xinhua bookstore、Schools are well-deserved cent eats its high interest，In a clear reference book profits under the industry chain，This should be clean the obligation of the education industry，Are faced with is eating into the great crisis and destruction。

　　学生 students

　　被强迫下的“自愿购买” Forced under the“Voluntary buy”

　　早在2001年6月7日，新闻出版总署、教育部关于印发《中小学教辅材料管理办法》的通知第三条规定：禁止将一切形式的教辅材料编入《中小学教学用书目录》。各级教育行政部门和其他有关部门不得以任何形式强迫学校订购、中小学校不得组织学生购买、发行部门不得向学校征订或随教材搭售一切形式的教辅材料。从此以后，教育部几乎每一年都要联合其它部委下发一次禁止任何单位或个人进校统一征订教辅的文件。

As early as June 7, 2001，Press and publication administration、Issued by the ministry of education about《Primary and middle school teaching auxiliary materials management approach》Notice of the provisions of article 3：Ban will all forms of teaching assistant materials into《Primary and middle school teaching book catalog》。At all levels of education administrative department and other relevant departments must not with any forms to force schools to order、Small and medium-sized school shall not organize students buy、The school authorities shall not issue or subscriptions with teaching material sell all forms of assistant teaching materials。From then on，The ministry of education almost every year to jointly issued by other ministries once it is forbidden for any unit or individual to subscribe to the unity of the interpretive teaching assistants documents。

　　尽管国家三令五申，但是各地都继续上演着“进校统一征订”的戏码。

Although the national SanLingWuShen，All over but continue to be played“They subscribe to the united”repeat。

　　合肥市的几位家长向记者反映，他们最近收到了学校发的短信，通知他们不要把教辅材料装在孩子的书包里，因为上级教育部门要来检查。

Hefei several parents reflect to the reporter，They recently received of the school, a text message，They don't notice the assistant teaching materials into the child's bag，Because education department at a higher level to check。

　　这些见不得光的教辅材料包括基础训练、大考卷等，其中有学校统一订购的，也有老师“建议”学生购买的。

The light's teaching assistant materials including gross based training、Big examination papers, etc，There are the school uniform of the order，Also have the teacher“suggest”The students buy。

　　“是自愿的！”合肥市小学四年级学生丁微(化名)特意提高了嗓门。这名学生的家长告诉记者，一个学期除了统一向学校交的140多块钱书本费，老师还建议购买80多块钱的教辅书。老师会给学生家长发一个名单，让他们在上面打勾，而且反复强调说这是自愿购买。

“Is voluntary！”Fourth grade students in hefei DingWei(aliases)Specially raised his voice。The student's parents told reporters，A semester in addition to hand in school uniform more than 140 dollars of textbook，The teacher also suggest to buy more than $80 in teaching assistants of the book。The teacher will give parents send a list，Let them above tick，And repeatedly said it is voluntary purchase。

　　“敢讲不自愿吗？”安徽桐城市的一名学生家长说，现在老师都在教辅书上布置作业，如果不买指定的教辅书，老师可能连作业都不改，甚至把小孩的座位调到最后面去，家长根本没有讨价还价的余地。

“Dare to speak not voluntary？”Anhui TongChengShi student parents said，Now the teacher is teaching assistants book in homework，If not specified reference books to buy，The teacher may not work does not change，Even the child to the seat to the rear，Parents have no bargaining room。

　　明知学校和老师这样做是有问题的，但是大部分学生和家长都选择了沉默。

Knowing that the school and teacher is doing a problem，But most of the students and parents choose silence。

　　据了解，2009年4月30日，教育部、国务院纠风办、监察部、国家发展改革委、财政部、审计署、新闻出版总署出台《关于2009年规范教育收费进一步治理教育乱收费工作的实施意见》(教监20095号)明确规定：严禁将教辅材料纳入《教学用书目录》、印发教辅材料《推荐目录》、搭售教辅材料以及强迫学生购买教辅材料等违规行为。

According to understand，April 30, 2009，The ministry of education、The state council JiuFengBan、The ministry、The national development and reform commission、The Treasury、the、General administration of press and publications issued《About 2009 standard education management education collects fees in disorder further charges the implementation opinions》(Teach the prison number 20095)Specific provision：It is strictly prohibited to assistant teaching materials will be enrolled《Teaching book catalog》、Assistant teaching material issued by the《Recommend directory》、Assistant teaching materials and forced to sell students buy assistant teaching materials and illegal activities。

　　实际上，各地教辅书“统一征订”现象肆虐背后正是行政力量的推动。记者在安徽省采访时发现，安徽省教育厅定期向全省公布《安徽中小学学生作业目录》。此目录系安徽省中小学教材审定委员会审查通过，其中对中小学各年级可以使用的教辅目录进行了统一规定。省教育厅要求各市、县(区)教育局须在此目录范围内自主选用，其他一律不得进校入班。

In fact，Teaching assistants books all over“Unity to subscribe to the”Raging phenomenon behind it is administrative power pushed。In an interview with reporters in anhui province found，Anhui provincial announced regularly to the province《Anhui primary and middle school students assignments directory》。This directory in anhui province of middle and primary school authorized committee review through，In middle and primary schools of each grade can use's teaching assistant directory are united regulations。Guangdong provincial cities requirements、county(area)Education bureau in this directory must be within the scope of the independent to choose，Other are not allowed into the class they entered。

　　这一份安徽省教育厅“推荐使用”的《安徽中小学学生作业目录》实际成了教辅图书“进校统一征订”的“尚方宝剑”。上述安徽某市第二中学的校长向《经济参考报》记者坦言，教辅看上去是自愿购买，实际是行政性的。因为省教育厅多次发文要求征订通过了审定的教辅，学校为了稳妥起见，原则上都会选择通过了审定的教辅，不然上级来检查会很麻烦。

This is a department of education in anhui province“recommended”of《Anhui primary and middle school students assignments directory》The actual became a teaching assistant books“They subscribe to the united”of“ShangFangBaoJian”。The second city in anhui province to the school principal《Economic reference quote》The reporter said，Teaching assistants look is voluntarily buy，The actual is administrative。Because the guangdong provincial postings to subscribe to the requirements through many times the validation of a teaching assistant，The school to be on the safe side，In principle can choose the examination and approval by the teaching assistant，Or superior to check will be trouble。

　　安徽省教育出版社办公室主任李绍红在接受记者采访时也表示，主管部门的态度从来都很明确，教辅是经过严格编写和内容审查后，推荐给学生自愿购买和使用的。因此下面的主管部门和学校也形成共识，书目内的教辅书征订就是合理合法的。

Anhui province education press, director of the office LiShaoGong when accepting a reporter to interview also said，The attitude of the competent department never clear，Assistant teaching through strict to write and content after examination，Recommend to students volunteer to buy and use。So the department and the school also form consensus，Within the book to subscribe to the teaching assistants bibliography is legitimate。

　　“统一征订” “Unity to subscribe to the”

　　搞定教育局、搞定学校 Fix education bureau、Fix schools

　　据统计，近几年，全国教材和教辅的出版产值达500多亿元。统计数据显示，仅义务教育小学阶段，2008年我国小学学校的30.09万所，在校人数10331.51万人，每个人在教辅书上的花费总数加起来无疑是一个天文数字。

According to the statistics，In recent years，The output value of teaching material and reference published more than 500 yuan。Statistics show that，Compulsory education only primary school，In 2008, primary school by 300900，The number of people in 103.3151 million，Everyone in the reference book add up the total cost is undoubtedly a astronomical figures。

　　“现在的教辅市场，出版社做，新华书店做，还有大量的书商在做，这是一块肥肉。”李绍红说，一般图书大都只能发行两三千册，根本赚不了钱，而教辅市场能够规模化，整体上也不会出现大起大落。

“Present's teaching assistant market，Press do，Xinhua bookstore do，And a lot of the bookseller，This is a piece of fat。”LiShaoGong said，General books 23000 copies issued mostly can，Fundamental don't make money，Can the market scale and tutors，They won't whole drastic fluctuations。

　　谁能想到，在学生和家长被强迫“统一征订教辅书”的同时，书店正在轻而易举的获取着高额利润。

Who can think of，The students and their parents were forced to“Unified teaching assistants to subscribe to the book”At the same time，The bookstore is easily get the high profits。

　　一位在安徽从事多年教材工作的王先生向《经济参考报》透露，新华书店因为有独家经营教材发行的渠道，不仅教辅发行量非常大，而且其中大部分都是通过“统一征订”的方式进行的。

A in anhui teaching material in the years of work to Mr. Wang《Economic reference quote》revealed，Xinhua bookstore because have the sole business teaching material issue of the channel，Not only teaching assistant circulation is very big，And most of them are through“Unity to subscribe to the”Fashion。

　　记者采访中了解到，作为安徽省最大的教辅代理商，安徽新华教育图书发行有限公司成立于2005年，但根据安徽省新华书店对外公布的数据显示，2006年、2007年、2008年连续三年，安徽省各级新华书店每年进校统一征订教辅图书的总金额分别是3.18亿元、5.10亿元、7.40亿元，平均每年递增为2亿多元人民币。值得注意的是，其进校统一征订教辅图书的比例从2006年的48.6%上升到2008年的86.6%，也就是说门市部零售图书的比例越来越小，进校统一征订的教辅比例越来越大。

Reporter interview to understand，As the largest teaching assistant agent in anhui province，Anhui xinhua education the publishing Co., LTD. Was established in 2005，But according to xinhua bookstore in anhui province published data shows，2006 years、2007 years、2008 three years in a row，At all levels in anhui province, xinhua bookstore unified teaching assistants to subscribe to the books they each year the total amount is 318 million yuan respectively、$510 million、$740 million，An average annual increase for 200 million yuan。Note the，It to enter the school teaching assistants to subscribe to the unity of the rose from 48.6% in 2006 to 86.6% in 2008，That is the proportion of retail sales department, the more and more little，Subscribe to the unity of the interpretive teaching assistants ratio is more and more big。

　　“到2009年就已经超过了8亿元，我们公司只有30多个人，负责全省的业务，2010年的销售计划是要达到10.6亿元。”记者暗访期间，安徽新华教育图书发行有限公司总经理谢正平这样说。

“To the 2009 already more than 800 million yuan，Our company only more than 30 people，Responsible for the business，2010 years of sales plan is to reach 1.06 billion yuan。”Reporters during investigations，Anhui xinhua education book publication, general manager of XieZhengPing said。

　　据知情人士称，这家公司对外公布的2009年度进校统一征订的教辅图书总金额为8.10亿人民币，占2009年度安徽省新华书店一般图书销售的比例超过90%以上。

According to people familiar with the matter said，The company announced the 2009 year's teaching assistant to subscribe to the unity they entered the total amount is 810 million yuan，Of the 2009 annual general books in anhui province, xinhua bookstore sales proportion than 90% above。

　　记者在安徽了解到，每名中小学生一年在教辅上的平均花费大约为300元，以该省近1000万的中小学生人数来计算，每年的教辅销售额能够达到30亿元。

Reporter in anhui province to understand，Every name in a primary and middle school students in teaching assistants spend an average of about 300 yuan，In the province of nearly 10 million small and medium-sized students to calculate，Every year's teaching assistant sales to reach 3 billion yuan。

　　“这就意味着，谁能够抢到市场谁就能赚钱，除了新华书店外，其他发行机构的竞争也非常激烈。”安徽省合肥市一位老师向记者坦言，教辅市场的竞争手段一是低折扣，二是采取不正当的行为，说白了就是拉关系。

“This means that，Who can grab market who can make money，In addition to the xinhua bookstore，The other issue institutions competition is very tough。”Anhui province hefei a teacher to the reporter said，Teaching assistant market competition means is a lower discount，2 it is adopted improper behavior，Spoken parts in an opera is making advances。

　　有人给记者举了一个例子，比如有个县100万人口，中小学学生起码有15万人，如果一个书商能把该县的教育局搞定，按照学生人手一册教辅来算，一次性赚几百万并不是难事。

Someone give reporters for an example，Such as a county population of 1 million，There are at least 150000 primary and middle school students，If a bookseller can get county bureau，According to students beginning to be teaching assistants，One-time earn millions and is not hard。

　

　分配 distribution

　　出版、审定、发行、进校，各环节利益均沾 published、authorized、issue、interpretive，Each link the took interests

　　如此巨大的教辅书产业链条中的利益，究竟是如何分配呢？

Such a great reference book industry chain of interest，What is the allocation？

　　“教辅书市场巨大，但是想要赚钱还需要懂得其中的规矩。”安徽一位不愿意透露姓名的出版商向记者坦言。在一个多小时的谈话中，他向记者勾勒出了基于教辅书市场下的庞大产业链条。

“Reference books a huge market，But want to make money also need to know the rules。”Anhui an anonymous publishers to the reporter said。In more than a hour conversation，He told reporters outlined a book based on teaching assistant off the pitch the huge industry chains。

　　第一层是教辅书的编写和出版。一般而言，教材编写的出版社也会同时出版配套的教辅书，以及相应的试卷，数量和其发行的教材差不多。另外一种，就是其他出版社自发组织编写出版的教辅书。

The first layer is a teaching assistant and the writing of the book and published。Generally speaking，Compiling teaching materials of press also published the book supporting teaching assistants，And the corresponding test paper，The issue of the teaching material quantity and almost。another，Is other press spontaneous organizations published book writing teaching assistants。

　　教辅书出版后并不意味着卖得出去。在安徽教辅分为两类，一类教辅是安徽省中小学教材审定委员会审定通过的，二类教辅是指没有经过审批、出版社自主出版的。

Assistant teaching the book was published does not mean that sell out。Teaching assistants in anhui province are divided into two classes，A teaching assistant is the anhui province teaching material of middle and primary school authorized committee approved through，Second assistant teaching is to point to did not pass the examination and approval、Press the independent publishing。

　　上述人士告诉记者，因为安徽省教育厅定期都要向全省公布《安徽中小学学生作业目录》，并规定目录之外的教辅资料一律不得进校入班。因此能否通过审查并登上“目录”对教辅书出版商显得非常重要，而这个前提是必须由安徽省中小学教材审定委员会审查通过。

The sources told reporters，Because the department of education in anhui province to released the whole province on a regular basis《Anhui primary and middle school students assignments directory》，And catalog stipulated in the teaching assistant material are not allowed outside the interpretive into class。So if I can pass the examination and boarded“directory”Book publishers to assistant teaching is very important，And this premise is must by anhui middle and primary school authorized committee review through。

　　“表面看是为了选择更加优质的教辅书，但实际上就是一些省教育厅下属的教研机构利用自己的权力分了一杯羹。”该人士告诉记者，想要通过审查，教辅书名义上必须是安徽本省的出版社和安徽省教育厅下属的教育科学研究所合作来编写的，代价就是出版社要付出大约5%的利润给上述研究所。

“In order to choose more surface is high quality reference book，But the fact is some guangdong provincial research institutions subordinate of using their power points for a glass of beer。”This personage told reporters，Want to through the examination，Assistant teaching book must be anhui province in the name of the press and the department of education in anhui province education scientific research institute subordinate to write，Price is to press to pay about 5% of the profits to the above research institute。

　　他给记者看了一份安徽省教育科学研究所和安徽某出版社签订的《编写、出版发行协议书》，上面清晰地写明：由安教所负责相关教材配套用书(教辅)的组织编写，并依据教辅在安徽省内每学期的实际销售数量，由出版社按实际结款码洋的5%向安徽省教育科学研究所支付版税。

He sent the journalist read a anhui province education institute of science in anhui province and a sign of the press《write、Publication agreement》，Clearly indicated above：By Ann teach are responsible for relevant material supporting 'book(Teaching assistant)Compiled the，Teaching assistants in anhui province and on the basis of the actual number of sales per semester，According to the actual "by the press of the tax to 5% in anhui province education scientific research institute to pay royalties。

　　接下来就进入发行环节，也是这个产业链条上最关键的部分。记者在安徽采访时了解到，出版社作为教辅产业的上游，一般以5折向安徽省新华书店供货。据了解，目前新华书店在全省地市、县区及主要乡镇都设有门市部，其他乡镇也有专人负责征订教辅。

The next issue into the link，The industry is also a key part of the chain。In an interview with reporters in anhui province to know，Press as a teaching assistant industry upstream，General with 5 fold in anhui province to supply the xinhua bookstore。According to understand，At present in the cities, xinhua bookstore、The main towns and counties with sales department，Other towns also have the specialist is responsible to subscribe to the teaching assistant。

　　因为在出版行业打拼多年，上述业内人士深知其中的“潜规则”。他告诉记者，按照常规来说，安徽省新华书店拿到50%的发行折扣之后，会分出大约25%左右的折扣利润给各地市、县区教育局及乡镇学校三级教育部门(地市约为5%，县区约为5%，乡镇学校约为15%)作为发行宣传费，以达到让各级教育部门帮助其大力推广统一进校征订教辅的目的。

Because in the publishing industry to fight for many years，The industry knows it“Unspoken rules”。He told reporters，According to conventional for，Xinhua bookstore get 50% of anhui province issued after the discount，Will tell about 25% discount profits to every city、County education bureau and township school level 3 education department(City of around 5%，County is about 5%，Township school is about 15%)As a campaign where issuance，In order to achieve education departments at all levels to help the promoting unity to subscribe to the purpose of the interpretive teaching assistants。

　　记者杨烨白田田

Reporter YangYeBai lines