近年来，中国成功的奥运冠军生产线在带来巨大荣誉的同时，也带来了争议。

In recent years，China's successful Olympic champion production line in the enormous honor at the same time，Also brought controversial。

　　许多人质疑，算下来合几亿元一块的金牌到底值不值？从小的集中训练，会不会影响运动员的健康成长？冠军沦为搓澡工，是不是运动员培养体制的失败？而北京奥运赛场上崭露头角的“学生军”，则给暴露出许多问题的中国运动员培养体制带来了一些新的启示。

Many people question，Several hundred million yuan is down and a gold medal worth it？Since the childhood of intensive training，Will affect the healthy growth of the athletes？The champions to rub zao work，Athletes training system is the failure？And the Beijing Olympic Games back on the rising“Students army”，Some problems is the Chinese athletes training system bring some new revelation。

　　退役运动员为何当搓澡工 Retired athletes why when rub zao work

　　邹春兰一度曾成为了中国最知名的运动员之一，但这不是因为她的成绩有多么优秀，而是因为昔日的冠军，却沦为了搓澡工。

ZouChunLan once became one of the most famous athletes in China，But it's not because of her how good grades，But because the former champion，But fell to be rub zao work。

　　邹春兰的遭遇让民众深为惊讶：原来在那些光环耀眼的冠军背后，还有像邹春兰这样的失意者。他们在退役后，不仅没有获得多少利益，而且由于长期训练，耽误了掌握其他生存技巧，导致一无所长，最后沦落到比一些弱势群体还可怜的悲惨境地。邹春兰1987年6月成为吉林省第一体工队的正式运动员，最好成绩是在1990年获得全国女子举重冠军并打破全国纪录，但她退役后却无人再关心她的处境。

ZouChunLan experience let people feel surprised：For in the aura of dazzling behind champion，And as ZouChunLan such the frustrated。They in retirement，Not only didn't get much benefit，And because the long-term training，The delay master other survival skills，Lead to have no special skill，Finally reduced to than some vulnerable groups also poor tragic situation。ZouChunLan in June 1987, be the first of jilin province they officially athletes，Best results is received the 1990 national women weightlifting championship and break the national record，But she retired but there was no one to care for her position again。

　　事实上，邹春兰只是中国众多处境不佳的退役运动员的一个典型而已，在中国这种运动员培养机制下，许多运动员都在退役后遭遇出路困境。据这次在北京奥运会上夺冠的中国女子举重运动员陈艳青的教练曹新民透露，中国从事专业举重训练的运动员多达万人，如果算上业余体校的运动员，这个数字可能接近两万人。国外在举重方面则完全没有中国这样的优势。曹新民说，一些国家从事举重的运动员仅有几十个人。像泰国的举重队仅有二十来人，这样的规模和中国相比简直是天壤之别。

In fact，ZouChunLan just the numerous poor situation of retired athletes of a typical just，In China the athletes training mechanism，Many athletes retire from difficulties encountered a way out。According to the Beijing Olympic Games of the Chinese women's weightlifting athletes won the CaoXinMin coach Chen yanqing convincingly won revealed，China is engaged in professional the weight lifting training athletes as many as ten thousand people，If you include the amateur athletes who，This number may be close to twenty thousand people。In weightlifting, foreign completely without China such advantage。CaoXinMin said，Some countries engaged in weightlifting athletes only dozens of men。As Thailand's JuChongDui only two months，Such scale and it's a big difference between China compare。

　　在中国这种举国体制下，有关部门以世界大赛的冠军为最高目标，统一动员和调配全国有关的力量，来夺取比赛的好成绩。然而，在这种体制下，既能产生陈艳青这样光彩夺目的冠军，也可能导致出现邹春兰这样的搓澡工。毕竟一万多的举重运动员中，能够站到奥运冠军领奖台上的只有寥寥几个人。

In China the under the system，The relevant departments to the world series champion for the supreme goal，Unity and allocate the relevant national mobilization strength，To gain good results of the game。however，In such a system，Can produce such Chen yanqing convincingly won the brilliant champions，May also lead to ZouChunLan such rub zao work。After all, more than ten thousand lifter，Can stand to Olympic champions winner only a few people。

　　高校在培养运动员上“可持续” College athletes in training“sustainable”

　　“像邹春兰那样的出路，有点不负责任”，天津商业大学副校长魏胤亭评价说。

“Like ZouChunLan that way，A little irresponsible”，Tianjin university, vice President of business WeiYin pavilion evaluation said。

　　他认为，目前中国的这种运动员培养模式难以可持续发展。魏胤亭说，一方面，我们很多项目都是举国体制，成本很高，“每个项目都要成立中心，比如举重中心、游泳中心等，每个项目还需要大批的管理人员来维持，这样不仅机构庞杂，而且功能单一”。“另一方面，也不利于运动员的个人可持续发展”，他说，大部分运动项目都是在“吃青春饭”，如果长期集中训练，那么，运动员将错过学习生存能力的最好年龄，“他们除了退役后在本项目当个教练，没有什么别的选择，这将是对运动员终身发展的巨大限制”。

He thinks，At the moment the athletes training mode to sustainable development。WeiYin pavilion said，On the one hand，Many of our projects are the system，Cost high，“Each project shall set up a center，Such as weight lifting center、Swimming center，Each project also need a large number of management personnel to maintain，So not only confused institutions，And the function is a single”。“On the other hand，Also go against athletes personal sustainable development”，He said，Most of the sports are in“Eat rice youth”，If long-term intensive training，so，Athletes will miss learning the ability to survive the best age，“Besides retirement in the project as a coach，There are no other choice，This will be great for athletes life-long development limited”。

　　魏胤亭认为，从长远来看，如果把运动项目放到高校，会更有发展的前景，“北京理工大学的足球就是一例”。2006年10月底，北京理工大学足球队以第一名的身份从中国足球乙级联赛中成功晋升甲级，成为一支著名的“学生军”。魏胤亭认为，将体育项目放到高校，可以使这些项目呈现相互竞争和百花齐放的景象，走上可持续发展的道路。天津工业大学党委副书记李克敏也认为，将高水平运动场馆建在高校，更有利于这些场馆得到有效合理的利用，因为高校有那么多青年学生，他们是开展体育运动的主力军。“场馆交由高校维护，也可以减少维护费用”。

WeiYin pavilion think，In the long run，If the sports in college，Will have even more development prospects，“Beijing university of science and technology of the football is an example”。The end of October 2006，Beijing university of technology to the identity of the first football team from China football success in serie b promotion to serie a，Become a famous“Students army”。WeiYin pavilion think，Will sport in college，Can make these projects competition and flowers on sight，On the path of sustainable development。Tianjin university, vice secretary of party LiKeMin also think，High level sports venues will be built in college，More favorable to the venues get effective and reasonable use，Because colleges have so many young students，They are the main force in sports。“Venues to college maintenance，Also can reduce maintenance costs”。

　　让体育成为教育的一部分 Let the sports become part of education

　　事实上，“学生军”的出现，也说明了中国体育人才的培养在朝着多元化方向发展。国家体育总局副局长崔大林就曾表示，随着中国经济水平不断提高，中国培养高水平竞技体育人才的途径也逐渐变得多元化、多渠道，政府行政部门不再是唯一培养高水平运动员的机构。

In fact，“Students army”appear，Also showed the Chinese sports talent cultivation in the diversified development direction。State general administration of sports, deputy director of the CuiDaLin had said，With China's economy level increases，China train high level sports talents way becoming diversification、multi-channel，The administration department of the government is no longer the only training high level athletes institution。

　　他说，现在通过社会力量、俱乐部化也能产生高水平运动员，“台球的世界级高手丁俊晖就是很好的例子。”

He said，Now through the social power、The club also can produce high level athletes，“The billiards world class performers DingJunHui is a good example。”

　　高校无疑是培养高水平竞技体育人才的理想场所，美国一直是奥运霸主，其实力就主要来自大学体育。

University is undoubtedly training high quality athletic talents of ideal place，The United States has been is the Olympic overlords，Its strength is mainly from college sports。

　　旅美学者薛涌就发现，美国人把体育当作教育的核心，一边上大学一边参加运动队是非常普遍的现象。美国的大学运动员中，不仅出了奥运冠军、NBA(微博)明星，还出了总统、议员、教授、CEO。“体育没有替代他们的教育，而成为他们教育的一部分。”薛涌感叹道。

Commenting XueChong scholars found，America as the core of the physical education，On one side to side university sports teams are very common phenomenon。American university in athletes，Not only out of the Olympic champions、NBA(Micro bo)star，Also out of the President、senator、professor、CEO。“Sports no alternative their education，And they become part of the education。”XueChong sighed。

　　而中国也认识到了高校培养高水平运动员的可能性。教育部副部长章新胜在2008北京国际新闻中心举行的新闻发布会上就表示，各级各类的学校是一个培育各种竞技优秀人才的基础性的场合。

China also realized to university training high level the possibility of athletes。Deputy minister of education ZhangXinSheng in 2008 Beijing international news center at a news conference said，Various and of all kinds school is a breeding all kinds of sports of outstanding talent basic occasion。