70多所世界名校云集奥科会 More than 70 of the world's famous gathered science

　　特派记者 孙嘉晖 SunJiaHui correspondent

　　本报格拉斯哥7月22日电 The Glasgow July 22 (xinhua)--

　　退役运动员生活潦倒、无钱治病；青少年运动员文化课教育缺位；竞技体育和群众体育孰轻孰重？中国体育如何回归健康和教育功能的本位……

Retired athletes and life、No money；Young athletes absence of literacy class education；Athletic sports and mass sports or light or heavy？Chinese sports how to return to health and education function of the standard……

　　中国体育军团虽然在2008年北京奥运会上夺取51枚金牌，首次占据奥运金牌榜头把交椅，但上述问题一直困扰着中国体育的发展，而且在近年来演化为日益突出的社会问题。

The Chinese sports community although in 2008 Beijing Olympic Games take 51 gold MEDALS，The first Olympic gold head up the current campaign，But the problem has been bothering the Chinese sports development，And in recent years has evolved into the growing social problems。

　　在正进行的格拉斯哥奥科会上，首都体育学院校长钟秉枢教授主持了主题为《21世纪儿童体育》的研讨会，特邀英国贝德福德大学大卫·科克教授、美国耶鲁大学医学院教授布鲁斯·韦克斯勒和北京大学人文体育研究基地董进霞教授一起“会诊”中国青少年体育，试图破解竞技体育和群众体育脱节、训练和学习冲突等亟待解决的问题。

In the Glasgow, Obama is meeting，The capital sports institute President ZhongBingShu professor had presided over the theme《21 century children sports》seminar，Invited British Bedford university professor David cook、Yale university medical school professor alex Bruce wei, and humane sports research base of Beijing university professor DongJin xia together“consultation”China youth sports，Trying to interpret athletic sports and mass sports apart、Training and learning to the problems of the conflict。

　　奥科会“风向标”在变 Mr Secco will“vane”Changes in

　　作为国内体育科学界的“领军人物”，钟秉枢在最近两届奥科会上都扮演着双重身份，一方面是组委会成员，另一方面自己还会拿出比较尖端的课题和研究成果，与与会者分享，因此在世界体育学术界有较高的知名度和影响力。

As a domestic sports science“leader”，ZhongBingShu in the recent two th Olympic families play at double identity，One is the organizing committee members，On the other hand oneself still will take out more sophisticated topic and research，And share，So in the world sports academic circles have higher visibility and influence。

　　“广州奥科会的影响一直延续到现在。”钟秉枢告诉记者，本届奥科会共有80多个国家和地区的学者参加，其中包括70多所大学，美国耶鲁大学等世界名校也派学者参加，“实际上，好多与会者并非专门研究体育的，而是其他学科的代表，这也反映出奥科会发展的一个新动向。”

“Guangzhou Mr Secco will influence has been extended to the now。”ZhongBingShu told reporters，The Mr Families will more than 80 countries and regions in the scholars，Including more than 70 university，Yale university school also send scholars to participate in the world，“In fact，Many participants is not devoted to the study of sports，But other representatives of the subject，This also reflects Mr Secco will of the development of a new trend。”

　　钟秉枢告诉记者，像本届大会第一个主报告就是围绕健康展开的，第一个分论坛则是讲运动员保障的，“在国际体育科学研究方面，原来只专注于为竞技体育服务，如今的研究则更多地为运动员的长远发展、未来生活福祉服务，而不单纯是要提高竞技成绩。”

ZhongBingShu told reporters，Like the first Lord of this conference is on the report on health，The first points BBS is about the security of the athletes，“In the international sports science research，The original focus on service for competitive sports，Today's research is more for the long-term development of the athletes、The future life welfare services，And not only is to improve the competitive results。”

　　在广州奥科会之前，奥科会的学术研究重点是，从生物力学、运动医学等方面研究如何提高运动员竞技水平，而现在更多的是围绕健康、发展的主题展开，这个动向也跟国内发展全民健身、体育为大众服务、关注运动员的长远发展很契合。

In guangzhou, before he will，Mr Secco will academic research focus is on，From the biomechanics、Sports medicine in research how to improve the competitive level athletes，And now more revolve around the health、Development of topics，This trend with domestic development and national fitness、Sports for the public services、Attention to the long-term development of the very fit。

　　中国体育“转型”关键要回归校园体育 Chinese sports“transformation”The key to return to campus sports

　　钟秉枢向记者介绍，他和合作伙伴做了中国与加拿大运动员培养过程的差异分析研究，发现加拿大既重视文化学习也重视体育运动，如果文化成绩不好，运动员是不能参加运动训练的。

ZhongBingShu introduces to the reporter，He and his partners do the Chinese and Canadian athletes training process analysis of the differences of research，Found that Canada paid attention both culture study also pay attention to sports，If culture result is bad，Athletes not to take part in sports training is。

　　在此问题上，中国运动员刚好相反，竞技成绩优秀的甚至可以直接顶替学分，以这一途径培养出来的运动员显然无法满足社会对人才的需求。

In this，Chinese athletes is just the opposite，Competitive with the outstanding achievement can even directly replace credits，In this way the athletes certainly cannot be developed to meet the demands of the society for talents。

　　不过，中国已经发现了这个问题，并逐渐加强运动员文化教育，更加关注运动员的长远利益和全面发展，当然这需要一段时间。

but，China has found this problem，And gradually strengthen athlete culture education，Pay more attention to the long-term interests of the athletes and their all-round development，Of course this over a period of time。

　　一直以来，中国运动员培养走的是“举国体制”路线，由国家、高校和业余体校等几种方式培养。如今，网球、足球和篮球等体制以外的培养模式（职业化）诞生，这也是新课题。

Has been，Chinese athletes training to be on the way“The system”route，By the state、Universities and amateur who several ways such as training。now，tennis、Football and basketball, etc system outside of the training mode（professional）Was born，This is a new topic。

　　当然，在学术研究领域破解中国体育的“症结”似乎困难不大，但实际操作性怎样，如何让相关规划和方案落地才是关键。

Of course，In the academic research fields cracked Chinese sports“crux”What seems to be the trouble is not big，But the actual operation，How to let the relevant planning and scheme is key, be born。

　　钟秉枢认为，现在存在的问题包括以下几个方面：一是教育和体育抢时间；在温总理的倡导下，中小学生逐渐减负，节约的时间从事体育运动，确保兼顾文化和体育。二是在“三从一大”政策下训练时间过长、过早专业化训练；国家体育总局局长刘鹏强调，要系统认识体育运动规律，不能拔苗助长。乒乓球名宿徐寅生讲过：“如果减少了训练时间就不能取得好成绩，那不是训练时间不够，而是训练质量不高。”三是运动员培养方式要转变，改变原来体育系统本身办教育的模式，让教育回归中小学校。

ZhongBingShu think，Now the problems including the following respects：One is the education and sports a fight against time；In the premier wen's under the sponsorship，Gradually the burden of primary and middle school students，Save time engaged in sports，Ensure that both the culture and sports。Second, in the“Re-understanding the”Under the policy training time too long、Early professional training；State general administration of sports liu peng stressed，To know sports law system，Can't haste makes waste。Table tennis legend XuYinSheng said：“If reduced training time can get good grades，That's not the training time enough，But the training quality is not high。”Three is to change the way athletes training，Change the original sports education pattern do system itself，Let education return to middle and primary school。

　　据透露，北京已提出“振兴三大球计划”——“1、2、8计划”，即一个运动项目依托2所大学，下面有4个中学和8个小学开展。实际上，这就是让体育回归校园的具体操作方法。

It's said，Beijing has proposed“The three big ball plan”--“1、2、8 plan”，That is a sports rely on 2 university，Below are four middle school and eight in elementary school。In fact，It is time for sports back to school the specific operation method。

　　三国专家共同探讨 Three experts to discuss

　　体育与智力的关系 Sports and intellect

　　在2008年北京奥运会后，中国体育将走向何方成为大家热议的话题。

In the 2008 Olympic Games in Beijing，Chinese sports where everyone will become a hot debate topics of conversation。

　　从广州奥科会开始，研讨会改为由全球的学者自己出题目、写报告书和方案，并组织研讨，经国际体育科学与教育理事会审订，选出主席和发言者，进行公开演讲、交流。

From guangzhou Mr Families will begin，Instead of the global conference on by scholars yourself out questions、Write report and plan，And organize seminars，The international sports science and education council revised it，Elected President and the speaker，Public speech、exchange。

　　“研讨会把全球学者的智慧整合起来，共同探讨全球面临的重大问题，集思广益，”钟秉枢说，“我今年做的是一个体育和儿童的项目，邀请了中、美、英三国的专家共同探讨。”

“The international conference on global scholars wisdom together，To discuss the major problem we are facing，brainstorm，”ZhongBingShu said，“I this year do is a sports and children's programs，Invited in、beauty、The Three Kingdoms of experts to discuss。”

　　英国贝德福德大学大卫·科克教授表示，体育本身就有教育功能，如今全世界越来越重视体育文化教育的问题，在儿童的成长过程中，参加体育运动绝不仅仅是为了锻炼身体，还有对儿童人格、文化的塑造功能等。

British Bedford university professor David cook said，Sports itself to have education function，Now the world pay more and more attention to sports culture education problem，In the growing process of children，For sports are not just in order to exercise，And on children's personality、Cultural shaping function, etc。

　　而美国耶鲁大学医学院教授布鲁斯·韦克斯勒则尝试用计算机开发游戏软件，将体育运动对大脑开发的影响结合起来加以研究。

And the United States Yale university school of medicine professor Bruce wei cox is try to use of computer games software，Will the sports of exercise on the brain development to study the effect of combined。

　　北京大学董进霞教授则分析了在中国面对应试教育这么大压力的情况下，儿童应该如何进行思想解放、智力开发。

Beijing university professor DongJin xia is analyzed in China to face should try education so great pressure，Children should how to carry on the ideological liberation、Intelligence development。

　　“三个人相辅相成，把体育运动和儿童智力发展有机地结合，来解决这个问题。”钟秉枢说，这对于中国体育的长期发展有现实意义。 (本文来源：大洋网-广州日报 )

“Three people can complement each other，The sports and the organic integration of the children's intelligence development，To solve the problem。”ZhongBingShu said，The long-term development of sports in China is of practical significance。 (This paper source：The nets-guangzhou daily )

　　扩展阅读： Extended reading：

　　中国体育文化转型摆脱“非主流” Chinese sports culture transformation get rid of“non-mainstream”

　　中国在奥运会上的非凡成绩引来惊叹，但金牌集中在举重、体操、乒羽等国际上非主流的项目；在足球、田径等主流大项上，中国成就寥寥，足球更成为千夫所指的反面教材。

China in the Olympic Games from the exceptional success here，But the gold medal focus on lifting weights、gymnastics、PingYu and other international on outside the mainstream of project；In football、Track and field sports in the mainstream, etc，China's achievement very，Football more become the opposite of maudlin teaching materials。

　　中国有无数奥运冠军，但获得过"体育奥斯卡"劳伦斯体育奖的只有姚明和刘翔。身为劳伦斯奖评委的邓亚萍称，这说明中国在世界体坛还不占"主版"。专家认为，在后北京奥运时代，中国正努力从"体育大国"走向"体育强国"，这种战略转型就是要积极同国际主流体育文化接轨，抛弃"唯金牌论"，大力发展群众体育和职业体育。

China has countless Olympic champions，But won"Sports Oscar"Lawrence sports award only yao and liu xiang。As Lawrence award panel of judges deng yaping said，It shows that China is not in the world of sports"The Lord version"。Experts say，In the era of the Olympic Games in Beijing，China is trying to from"Sports powers"to"Sports power"，This strategy transformation is to actively with the international mainstream sports cultural norms，abandon"WeiJinPai theory"，Vigorously develop mass sports and professional sports。

　　郝勤称，国际主流体育文化的核心之一，就是"以人为本"的草根体育；而由于历史的原因，中国体育文化在很长一段时间内，是一切以国家和民族荣誉为指向的竞技体育，形成了"体育＝奥运＝金牌"的观念，甚至出现了"以金牌为本"的错误意识。

HaoQin says，International mainstream sports culture is one of the core，is"It is with the person this"Grassroots sports；But for historical reasons，Chinese sports culture in a long time，Is everything with countries and national honor to point to the sport，formed"Olympic sports = = the gold medal"concept，Even appeared"For the gold medal in"Mistake consciousness。

　　两人都认为，未来的中国体育文化首先要抛弃以"唯金牌论"为代表的功利主义，确立"以人为本"的指导思想。"要充分意识到，体育是一种生活方式，和教育一样，终极目的是为了培养人，是为了提高人的素质和生活质量，而不是为了夺金牌或考高分"。【详细】

Both said that，The future of the Chinese sports culture first to abandon"WeiJinPai theory"As a representative of utilitarianism，establish"It is with the person this"Guiding ideology。"To fully realize，The sports is a way of life，And education as，The ultimate aim is to cultivate people，In order to improve the quality of people, and the quality of life，Not to take gold MEDALS or take an examination of high marks"。【detailed】