周云

ZhouYun

　　近日上任的北京外国语大学新任校长韩震向全校师生公开承诺“三不”：担任校长期间，不再做自己的专业（外国哲学）学术研究，不再申请自己原有学科专业的研究课题，不再谋求与教学有关的个人荣誉。此前，湖南大学、北京师范大学校长分别在履职之初做出类似承诺。而华东师范大学党委书记童世骏在上任时更是建议大学校长要跳出“学术山头”。

Recently took office Beijing foreign studies university's new President HanZhen public commitment to the students and teachers“three”：Served as the principal during，No longer do their own professional（Foreign philosophy）Academic research，No longer apply for his original subject research topic，Not seek and teaching about personal honor。after，Hunan university、Beijing normal university President separately in at the beginning of the second five-year terms made similar promises。And east China normal university TongShiJun secretary of the party committee office is President of the university of Suggestions to jump out“Academic hills”。

　　显然，这是具有积极意义的态度与做法。不过目前舆论主要关注的是此举对大学管理的积极意义。事实上，校长跳出“学术山头”，对于学术研究具有同样重要的影响。

obviously，This is a positive attitude and practice。But at present main concern is the move public opinion of university management positive meaning。In fact，The principal jump out“Academic hills”，For academic research has also important influence。

　　有人戏言：有人的地方就有江湖。现在看起来，这话颇有几分道理，一向在人们印象中相对淡泊平静的学术界，当下也有演变成“学术江湖”的趋势。有江湖，就必然会有门派、山头。而各山头的掌门、“山大王”，在中国学术界已经高度行政化的今天，往往由正在或者曾经担任过行政职务的人充当。

Someone, I：Someone, there have river's lake。Now it looks，This is something quite，Always in people think of relative calm of indifferent academia，Then also have evolved into“Academic river's lake”trend。A river's lake，Must have branches、hills。And each of the hill is rated、“Mountain king”，In the Chinese academic circles have high security administration of today，Often by are or who have served as a administrative jobs as。

　　学术山头的形成路径比较复杂，最初还跟学术、教育有一定关系，比如依托一定的学术观点而形成学派，或者师出同门，也比较容易形成小圈子。以前各个山头之间的关系还比较温和，最严重的也就是由学术争议上升到个人恩怨。虽然山头的形成与山头之间的“斗争”也关涉利益，但大抵还是围绕着学术来进行的。

The formation of academic mountain path is more complex，First with academic、Education have particular concern，Such as relying on certain academic point of view and the formation of a school，Or a teacher stuff，Easier to form the coterie。Before each of the relationship between the mountains are relatively modest，The most serious also is the academic disputes rise to a personal enemy。Although the formation of mountains and hills between“struggle”Also involves interests，But mostly or around the academic。

　　但当下的情形已经有了很大的改变。武侠小说中江湖中的种种血雨腥风，无非是各门派争夺传说中宝藏、秘籍、名位等利益。而现实中的学术界之所以会成为江湖，其实也是因为资源分配使然。现在学术界的各种资源，较之于二三十年前，其丰富程度已经不可以道里计，诸如课题、经费、论文发表、奖项、职称、职务，此外还有名目繁多的研究基地、研究中心、重点实验室等等，这些资源如果能够得以合理有序分配，自然能够促进学术事业的健康发展。但资源永远都是供不应求，因此总会有人利用特别的手段，而不是依靠公平竞争来获得这些资源。拜倒在某一山头之下，则是这些特别手段之一。

But the situation has changed。In the novel about swordsmen of all kinds of effective river，It is for the affiliation legend treasure、Kept secret、Flaunt their interests and。The reality of the academic circle will become river's lake，In fact also because of resource allocation design。Now the academic circles all kinds of resources，During the twenty or thirty years ago，Its rich levels have not that plan，Topics such as、funds、Paper presented、awards、title、position，In addition to the various kinds of research base、Research center、Key laboratory, etc，These resources if can be a reasonable and orderly distribution，Natural can promote the healthy development of the academic career。But the resources are always in demand，So there will always be people who will use special means，Rather than rely on fair competition to acquire those resources。Threw themselves at a peak below，It is one of these special measures。

　　通过山头来分配学术资源，已经对学术研究产生了极为不利的影响：首先，学术资源分配不合理。很多资源，往往落到有实力的“山头掌门”或者其同门手中，而不是分配给最有资格获得的人。其次，造成了学术资源分配的“马太效应”。不可否认，各个山头的掌门，大部分是有实力有资格获得学术资源的。但问题是，有些人拿了宝藏还要拿秘籍，拿了秘籍还要当盟主，不厌其烦。一个人做的事情数量太多，质量必然下降，资源就不能发挥其最大的效应。而形成鲜明对比的是，很多研究者，尤其是中青年研究者拿不到什么资源，不能很好地进行研究，又是对他们能力与才智的极大浪费。第三，山头主义影响学术自由。著名历史学者赵俪生先生，就是因为其观点与几个学界大佬意见相左，终身没有拿到博导资格，甚至他带的硕士生也受累多人不能毕业，赵先生一气之下，不再带学生，成为学术界的一大损失。

Through the hills academic resources allocation，For academic research has made very adverse effects：first，Academic resources allocation is not reasonable。Many resources，Often fall strong“Peak supremo”Or the bare-foot hands，Not assigned to the most eligible for the people。second，Caused the academic resource allocation“Matthew effect”。undeniable，Each of the hill is rated，Most have capacity are eligible for academic resources。But the problem is，Some people take the treasure will take kept secret，Take the book even when the champions，repeatedly。A person do number too much，Quality inevitable decline，Resources cannot perform its biggest effect。And contrast，Many researchers，Especially young researchers take less than what resources，Can not very well，And for their ability and intelligence enormous waste。The third，Peak socialist on academic freedom。Famous scholars ZhaoLi Mr Life history，It is because its views and several academic opinions of big brother，Life has not got doctoral qualification，Even his master's involvement with the people also do not graduate，Mr. Zhao flay，No longer take students，Become a great loss to the academic circles。

　　正是由于利益的诱惑，很多研究者将本应该用于学术研究的大量时间、精力用于打入进而依附山头，再而跻身于山头掌门之列，而担任行政领导，便是达到这一目标的快捷之路。行政权力的介入，反过来又固化了山头，戕害了学术。由此看来，韩震等几位校长的做法就有特别的意义，如果行政权力与学术山头撇清关系，山头固然依旧还会存在，但至少可以降低其影响，减少其危害。但愿这是中国学术界告别江湖化、山头化的良好开端。（作者是华南理工大学教授）

It is because of the temptation of interests，Many researchers will this should be used for the academic research a lot of time、The energy used to into the mountains and dependent，And again ranked in the hills in the list of supremo，And as an executive leadership，To achieve this goal is the efficient way。Administrative power intervention，In turn curing the top of the hill，Kill the academic。So it，HanZhen etc. Several of the practice of the President have a special meaning，If administrative power and academic peak leave clear relationship，Peak is still will exist，But at least can reduce its impact，Reduce the harm。I hope this is the Chinese academic circles to say goodbye to the river、Good beginning of the hills。（The author is professor of south China university of technology）

　　周云

ZhouYun