工资不低但生活成本更高 The wages not low but higher cost of living

　　

改善收入分配格局有利于扩大有效需求 Improve income distribution pattern is helpful to expand the effective demand

　　在北京某小区菜市场的夜市里，26岁的周炜华告诉记者，他现在都是下班以后再到菜市场买水果，希望能便宜一些：“只能吃些普通的时令水果，像什么大樱桃之类的，七八十元一斤，根本都不敢想。”

In Beijing a residential area of the market in the night market，26 years old ZhouHuiHua told reporters，Now he is after work to buy fruit vegetable market，Hope to cheaper：“Can only eat some common seasonal fruits，Like what big cherry and so on，The yuan a catty，Fundamental all dare not to think。”

　　为了能获得北京户口，去年刚从武汉某高校计算机专业毕业的周炜华选择到中关村一家民营软件企业工作：“公司是北京市认定的高新技术企业，能够拿到户口指标，但工资就不能指望太高了。”周炜华告诉记者，他很多去外企的同学月收入都在2万元左右，但自己的收入只有5000多元。

In order to be a Beijing hukou，Last year a from wuhan university computer specialized graduation ZhouHuiHua choose to zhongguancun a private software enterprise work：“The company is the recognition of the high and new technology enterprise，Able to get registered permanent residence index，But wages can't expect too much。”ZhouHuiHua told reporters，He many to foreign students month income is in 20000 yuan or so，But their income only 5000 yuan。

　　“虽然公司每年都有10%的工资增长，但感觉根本追不上物价，现在中午在单位周围吃个饭都要近20元钱。”周炜华给记者算了一笔账，现在房租每月1500元，吃饭2000元，再加上水电交通什么的，一个月的收入也就所剩无几了，根本没有闲钱再搞其他消费，“有时候再赶上个同学同事结婚啥的，随份子的钱都快拿不出来了。”

“Although each year, the company has a 10% pay increase，But feel don not overtake price，Now in the unit at noon to eat dinner around to nearly 20 yuan。”ZhouHuiHua give reporters calculate a bill，Now the rent 1500 yuan a month，Eat 2000 yuan，Plus hydropower traffic or something，A month of income also is running out，Don't have extra money to do other consumption，“Sometimes to catch up with a colleague students get married what of，SuiFenZi money are going to get out of。”

　　周炜华表示，当初为了拿到户口指标，他跟公司签订协议，3年内离职要交违约金，所以等工作满3年后，他就准备到薪酬更高的外企工作：“虽然会辛苦一些，但将来结婚生孩子花费会更多，这点钱根本不够用。”

ZhouHuiHua said，At the beginning in order to get registered permanent residence index，He signed an agreement with the company，Three years left to pay liquidated damages，So work full 3 years，He is going to pay higher job at a foreign company：“Although some will be hard，But the future to marry to give birth to the child will cost more，This money don not enough use。”

　　“居民收入增长缓慢和收入分配不合理已经成为制约我国消费扩大的主要因素，现在是富人有钱，但日常消费有限，只能把钱存在银行里，花不出去，而穷人想消费却没钱。”商务部国际贸易经济合作研究院研究员梅新育分析说，合理的收入分配格局之所以有利于扩大有效需求总量，是因为高收入群体边际消费倾向较低，亦即增加的每1元收入中只有较少的部分用于消费，较多的部分用于储蓄；而中低收入群体边际消费倾向较高，亦即增加的每1元收入中有较多的部分用于消费。

“Income growth and income distribution is not reasonable to restrict China's consumption has become the main factor to expand，It is the rich money，But the daily consumption limited，Can only put the money in the bank，Spend not go out，While the poor want to consumption but not money。”The ministry of commerce international trade and economic cooperation research institute researcher MeiXinYu analysis said，Reasonable income distribution pattern is to expand the total amount of effective demand，Due to the high income group is marginal propensity to consume is low，That is increasing every 1 yuan income only less part for consumption，More parts used for savings；But in low and middle-income groups marginal propensity to consume is higher，That is increasing every 1 yuan revenues more parts for consumption。

　　“消费是生产的目的，当前我国很多商品产能已占世界百分之七八十乃至更高，继续依赖投资和出口高增长来拉动经济增长的路子难以为继，扩大消费问题日益突出。”梅新育认为。

“Consumption is the purpose of production，The current our country a lot of commodity production has accounted for of the world and even higher，Continue to rely on investment and export growth to stimulate economic growth way unsustainable，Expand consumption has become an increasingly important issue。”MeiXinYu think。

　　梅新育建议，在减轻消费者负担方面，政策的主攻方向应当集中在占人口绝大多数的中等收入及低收入普通居民所需要消费的商品与服务上，特别是减少流通成本，才能降低普通居民日常消费负担，提高他们在其他方面的消费能力。

MeiXinYu Suggestions，To reduce the burden of consumers，The main attack direction of the policy should be focused on the population accounts for the majority of the middle-income and low-income residents need ordinary consumption of goods and services，Especially reduce circulation cost，To reduce the average resident daily consumption burden，Improve their ability to spend on other things。

　　

购房“挤占”大半收入 buys“occupy”Most of the income

　　

房价上涨严重侵蚀居民购买力 House price rising serious erosion of purchasing power of residents

　　29岁的杨洪涛在北京三元桥附近一家外企从事金融工作，但每天穿梭在高楼大厦间的他依然不敢有大的消费。

The 29-year-old YangHongTao in Beijing sanyuanqiao near a foreign enterprise engaged in financial work，But daily shuttle between the high-rise buildings in he still can't have big consumption。

　　“别看我收入相对不算低，其实都交给房子了。”杨洪涛告诉记者，去年底的时候他看到房价开始松动，就准备抓紧买房。

“Although my income is relatively low，Actually all over to the house。”YangHongTao told reporters，When he saw at the end of last year, prices began to loose，Is ready to take to buy a house。

　　转眼过年以后，他发现原本没跌多少的房价又有上涨的苗头，就赶紧四处找房，最终在四环外选了一套90平方米左右的二手房：“各种费用加起来接近250万元，家里东拼西凑总算交足了首付，可贷款还要100多万。”

After the Chinese New Year in，He found that the original didn't drop how much house prices and rising symptom，Quickly go around to find room，Finally, in the fourth chose a set of 90 square metre of second-hand housing：“Various expenses added up to nearly 2.5 million yuan，Home scrape together finally paid down the，Can loan to more than 100。”

　　自从买了这套房，杨洪涛和远在外地的父母就过上了节衣缩食的生活。他告诉记者：“现在每个月工资发下来，先被银行拿走大半，剩下5000多元的收入，虽然生活花费基本够用，但想到头上顶着百万元房贷，其他消费就先免了。”

Since bought this suite，YangHongTao and far field of parents lived a life of pinch and scrape。He told reporters：“Now every monthly wages hair down，Be bank take most，The rest of the income 5000 yuan，Although the cost of living basic enough，But think of the mortgage on his head one million yuan，Other consumer first from。”

　　“每次有额外的奖金都赶紧存起来准备提前还贷，爸妈也是尽量省出钱来帮我还钱，真是一套房毁掉一个家呀。”杨洪涛对记者说，自己的同学中本科毕业就参加工作的，很多人在2008年房价还算低时就把房子买了，自己因为读研反倒把买房给耽误了，想想挺后悔的，“其实现在有钱没钱跟工作好坏没啥关系，就看谁工作早、买房早。”

“Every time a bonus all hurriedly save ready to advance owing on the loan，Parents also try to save money to help I have money，Is really a suite destroy a home ah。”YangHongTao told reporters，His classmates undergraduate course graduation took part in the work，A lot of people in 2008 house prices still calculate low when he bought the house，His graduate but because the buy a house to the delay，Think of a regret，“In fact have money now have no money and work quality do not have what relation，See who work early、To buy a house early。”

　　“老百姓很大一块购买力都被房价的上涨所侵蚀了，这也是影响消费扩大的重要因素。”梅新育认为，食品和住房是老百姓日常最重要的生活必需品，具有很强的刚性需求，这两项价格走高，将对我国的消费需求和产业发展产生很大负面影响。

“A lot of people purchasing power is the rise in house prices have eroded，This is also the important factor of influence to expand consumption。”MeiXinYu think，Food and housing are the most important People's Daily necessities of life，Has a strong rigid demand，The two prices，Will China's consumer demand and the industrial development have a great negative impact。

　　“根据中国的人地关系，在较长时间跨度内，食品和房价上涨是必然趋势，制成品价格则会相对下降。” 梅新育建议，国家要继续控制房地产市场泡沫，加强保障房的投资建设力度，这样一方面可以改善收入分配格局，另一方面可以让国民收入中更大的份额投向可贸易商品消费，而不是被迫用于住房消费。

“According to the Chinese the relation between human and land，In a long time span inside，Food and rising house prices is an inevitable trend，The prices of manufactured goods will be relative decline。” MeiXinYu Suggestions，Countries should continue to control the real estate market bubble，Strengthen the security room investment construction force，On the one hand, can improve income distribution pattern，On the other hand, it can let the national income to a bigger share can trade goods consumption，And not forced to used for housing consumption。

　　

“海淘”走俏，洋奶粉“吃香” “Tao sea”popular，The milk powder“popular”

　　

当前消费环境仍难以让人放心 The current consumption environment is still difficult to let a person be at ease

　　“现在海淘已经成为各个论坛准妈妈们讨论最热烈的话题。”31岁的准妈妈杨彦已经开始为日后抚养宝宝的生活做准备了，而其中重要一项就是穿梭于各大网络论坛，学习网友们留下的“海淘”经验。

“Now the sea tao has become each BBS mothers-to-be the most hotly contested issues being debated。”31 expectant mother YangYan has started for future baby life do prepared，And the most important one is to move back and forth in each large network BBS，Learning net friends left“Tao sea”experience。

　　所谓海淘，是指通过互联网检索海外商品信息，并通过电子订购单发出购物请求，由海外购物网站通过国际快递发货，或是由转运公司代收货物再转寄回国。近年来，随着国内一些食品安全问题的暴露和人民币国际购买力的增强，海淘逐渐成为很多人购买食品或其他重要商品时的首选。

So-called clean sea，Refers to search through the Internet overseas commodity information，And through the electronic purchase order issued shopping request，By overseas shopping website through the international express delivery，Or by transport company collecting goods forward again return。In recent years，Along with the domestic some food safety problems of exposure and the enhancement of the international purchasing power，Sea tao gradually become a lot of people buy food or other important choice of goods。

　　一边是海淘如火如荼进行，一边是国内洋品牌奶粉价格一个劲地涨。据媒体报道，近日，包括多美滋、美赞臣在内的多个洋奶粉品牌出现年内的第四次涨价。

On one side is the sea like a raging fire in tao，On one side is the domestic brand milk powder price 1 vigorously rise。According to media reports，recently，Including dumex、MeiZanChen, a number of the brand of milk powder in the fourth year rise in price。

　　“洋奶粉的持续吃香，表明从2008年三鹿奶粉事件以来，消费者对国产奶粉的信心一直没有恢复起来，也表明我国当前的消费环境仍然让消费者难以放心消费。” 中国人民大学法学院商法研究所所长、中国消费者协会副会长刘俊海教授认为，近年来持续火爆的中国人海外代购潮流给国内消费环境建设敲响了警钟，没有好的消费环境，扩大内需只能是一句空话。

“The milk powder for be in great demand，Shows that from 2008 SanLu since the case of milk powder，Consumer confidence on domestic milk powder has been no recovery，Also shows that our current consumption environment still let the consumer is difficult to rest assured consumption。” China people's university law school commercial law institute director、Chinese consumers vice chairman of the association LiuJunHai professor thinks，In recent years continuous hot Chinese overseas purchasing trend for domestic consumption environment construction was a wake-up call，No good consumption environment，Expanding domestic demand is only an empty talk。

　　刘俊海介绍，在美国，消费者买到问题商品后，马上就会有律师站出来帮助消费者对商家进行团体诉讼，消费者只要提供自己的购物小票和银行账号，就可以安心在家里等着赔款到账了。“美国法院大多数时候对于侵害消费者权益的行为都会采取巨额惩罚性赔偿措施，所以一次官司就能让律师和消费者赚得盆满钵满，律师和消费者都乐于打这种官司。”

LiuJunHai introduced，In the United States，Consumers buy problems after the goods，Soon there will be a lawyer stand up to help consumers to merchants group litigation，As long as consumers provide their own shopping receipt and bank account，Can be at ease at home waiting for indemnity to the account。“Most of the time the United States courts to infringe upon the rights and interests of consumers behavior will take huge punitive compensation measures，So a case to be able to let the lawyers and consumer earn piles，Lawyers and consumers are willing to play this kind of case。”

　　“反观我国的法律，目前消费者权益保护法仅规定了两倍赔偿措施，三鹿事件之后开始实施的食品安全法,虽然规定了十倍赔偿的措施，但其要求商家明知的法律要件却成为消费者索赔的障碍。”刘俊海说，就算消费者历尽千辛万苦打赢了官司，一罐问题奶粉最多获得几千元的赔偿，可能最后连律师费都付不起。

“In China's law，At present the consumer rights and interests protection law only stipulates two times compensation measures，After SanLu events began to implementation of the food safety act,Although regulation ten times compensation measures，But its require companies to knowing the legal requirement but become consumers claim obstacles。”LiuJunHai said，Even if consumers experienced difficulty won a lawsuit，A can of question powdered milk for the compensation of thousands of yuan at most，May finally even cannot afford legal fees。

　　“以前总说内需不振是老百姓没钱花，现在老百姓有钱了，却都花到国外去了，这凸显了当前我国扩大消费的尴尬。”刘俊海建议，在全面加强对消费环境的行政监管基础上，应该重点通过法律手段帮助消费者维护自身合法权益，惩治不良的消费环境。消费者权益之所以在很多国家都受到特别重视，就是因为它不是只关系到某个个体，而是关系到整个消费环境和全体社会成员利益的社会问题。消费者权益维护好了，和谐的消费环境才能建立起来，才能最终重建消费信心，提振国内需求。

“Before always said of domestic demand is common people does not have money，Now people rich，But spent has gone abroad，That highlights the current our country expand consumption awkward。”LiuJunHai Suggestions，In an all-round way, strengthen the consumption environment based on the administrative supervision，Should focus on through the legal means to safeguard their own lawful rights to help consumers，Punish bad consumption environment。Consumers' rights are in many countries have been paid special attention to，It is because it is not just related to an individual，But related to the consumption environment and the interests of all the members of the society social problems。The consumer's rights well，The harmonious consumption environment can be established，Can eventually reconstruction consumer confidence，Boost domestic demand。