盲目衔接透支学生的学习兴趣 Blind cohesion overdraw the learning interest of the students

　　所谓衔接班，是为了使升入下一学年的学生顺利适应，而提前进行相关知识和能力方面的培训。近年来，各学段甚至各年级间的衔接班大量涌现，成为教育培训市场的一大新特点。

The class cohesion,In order to make to next year's students to smoothly,And advance knowledge and ability training.In recent years,The study section and even each grade between join class emerge in a large amount,Education training market become a great new characteristics.

　　衔接班为何如此火爆？一方面，从幼儿园到小学、从小学到初中、从初中到高中，教育环境变化很大，课程内容跨度很大，学习方法调整很大，学生如何适应新学校新环境、实现平稳过渡是个难题，引起家长与学生的关注。另一方面，各级各类学校的衔接教育始终是个薄弱环节，传统而简易的入学教育时间短促、方法陈旧、效果堪忧，无法实现衔接教育的理想效果，需要用新的形式和载体来弥补和超越。探究其深层原因，高考升学压力已经从高中教育向前延伸至初中、小学，甚至幼儿园，加上当前就业形势严峻，叠加形成“绝不让孩子输在起跑线上”的社会心理，致使众多家长不得已选择衔接班，试图让学生接受超前教育，抢先学习。各大教育培训机构正是依赖于这种“向前看、不服输”的心态，打造了庞大的衔接班市场。

Cohesion class why so hot?On the one hand,From kindergarten to primary school/To acquire the junior middle school/From junior middle school to high school,Education environment changed a lot,Course content span,A learning method adjustment,Students how to adapt to the new school new environment/To realize smooth transition is a difficult problem,Cause parents and students' attention.On the other hand,Schools of various levels of cohesion education is always a weak link,Traditional and simple entrance education time short/Methods the old/Effect is,Unable to realize cohesion education ideal effect,Need to use new form and carrier to make up and beyond.To explore the deep reasons,The university entrance exam pressures upon their schoolwork has from high school education forward extend to junior high school/Elementary school,Even the kindergarten,Combined with the current employment situation grim,Stack formation"Never let the children lose in the starting line"Social psychological,Many parents choose to the class cohesion,Try to let students to receive advanced education,Beat learning.Each big education training institutions is dependent on this"Look forward/No doubt"mentality,Make a huge cohesive class market.

　　依照功能定位，衔接班主要解决学生各学段转换之间的知识、方法、心理等各方面的衔接问题。因此，衔接班不仅要衔接高一学习阶段的学习内容，而且要让学生提前了解、熟悉新阶段的学习方法和规律，更好地适应新的学习生活环境。因而，衔接班的内容不应该只注重知识，还应包括习惯、方法、能力以及心理诸多方面的内容。

In accordance with the function orientation,Cohesion class mainly to solve the students learning period of converting between knowledge/methods/Psychological and so on various aspects of the connection.therefore,Cohesion class not only to join a learning phase of learning contents,But also to let the students know in advance/Familiar with the new phase of the learning methods and laws,To better adapt to the new learning living environment.therefore,The content of the class cohesion should not only pay attention to knowledge,Should also include the habit/methods/Ability and psychological content of many aspects.

　　当前的一些衔接班针对以上方面进行培训，对于帮助学生在升学期平稳过渡起到了一定作用。然而，我们也应清醒地看到，不少衔接班的主要内容就是让学生提前学习高学段或高年级的课程内容，开设难度较大的课程，这种变了形的衔接违背教育宗旨、僭越教育规律，最终成为扰乱正常教育秩序、危及教育公平的“影子教育”。事实证明，盲目追求知识的超前学习，透支了学生学习的兴趣、动力和愿望，使其成为应试工具，最终会影响学生今后的学习态度和效果，乃至终身的发展，后果严重。

The current some cohesion class according to the aspects of training,To help the students in the study period smooth transition and play a certain role.however,We also should see clearly,A lot of linking the main content of the class is to make students learn in advance of high learning segments or senior course content,Open difficult course,This changed shape goes against the education purpose/Arrogation education law,Eventually become disturb the normal order of education/Endanger education fair"Shadow education".Facts have proved,Blind pursuit of knowledge advance learning,Overdraft up students' learning interest/Power and desire,Make it a exam-oriented tool,Will ultimately affect the students future learning attitude and effect,And lifelong development,The consequences are serious.

　　对于这种变了味的“超前教育”，我们必须坚决反对和取缔。但当前各类衔接班层出不穷，已形成一个庞大的市场，不可能靠简单的“禁”和“堵”彻底解决问题。对于衔接班，我们不能盲目推崇，也不能断然阻止，而应多管齐下，有效引导，分类治理，才能促使衔接班走向健康发展，为基础教育的发展营造良好环境。

For this kind of change of taste"Advance education",We must firmly oppose and ban.But the current various cohesive class emerge in endlessly,Has formed a huge market,Could not rely on the simple"forbidden"and"plugging"Thoroughly solve the problem.For the class cohesion,We can not blindly praise highly,Also can't positively prevent,But should be multi-pronged approach.we,Effectively guide,Classification management,To make the class cohesion to healthy development,As the foundation education development to create a good environment.

　　为此，教育行政部门要进一步规范中小学的办学行为，严禁学校举办各种名目、以收费为目的的衔接班，严禁学校教师参与各类培训机构的教学活动，确保学校正常的教学秩序。同时尽快出台有关政策法规，约束相关教育培训机构开展衔接班培训业务，严防“越界”干扰中小学正常的教育教学活动。

therefore,Education administrative departments should further regulating the behavior of primary and middle schools,It is strictly prohibited to school held all kinds of names/For a fee for the purpose of the class cohesion,It is strictly prohibited to school teachers' participation in training institutions of all kinds of teaching activities,Ensure the normal teaching order.At the same time introduced the relevant policies and regulations as soon as possible,Constraint related education training institutions to carry out training business class cohesion,Take strict precautions against"Beyond the mark"Interference middle and primary school normal education teaching activities.

　　同时，学校要做好衔接教育，把衔接教育内容纳入课程体系。若有可能，学校可在正式开学前举办衔接主题教育活动，让学生提前了解、熟悉未来学校的学习和生活。例如，初高中在知识系统、学习心态、学习方法等方面都存在差异，因此，初高中衔接教育的三大关键问题可定为“教材知识点查漏补缺”、“调整心态适应高中学习”、“学习习惯和方法”。学校还要在帮助学生适应新的学习和生活的同时，作好学习规划。

At the same time,The school to do join education,The cohesion education contents into the curriculum system.If possible,The school can be in official before the start of the theme education activities held cohesion,Let the students know in advance/Familiar with the school of the future study and life.For example,Junior in the knowledge system/The study psychology of/Learning method there is difference,therefore,Junior education cohesion of the three key problems as can be"Teaching material knowledge leak fill a vacancy"/"The adjustment point of view to adapt to high school"/"Learning habits and methods".The school also is to help students adapt to the new learning and life at the same time,Make learning planning.

　　家长要学会根据孩子的年龄和身心特点抓住衔接的重点，勿受培训机构的宣传误导。即使家长想要选择衔接班，也要注意甄别培训机构和授课老师的资质，并有针对性地为孩子选择科目。家长应该明白，无论是幼小衔接，还是小初衔接、初高中衔接，学习习惯与方法是最重要的。家长应该关注孩子生理与心理方面的变化，多和孩子沟通，培养孩子自主学习的能力，引导孩子发现、提出并解决问题。若有可能，学校也应面向家长开展一定的衔接教育。(作者系中国教育科学研究院基础教育研究中心主任、研究员 -陈如平)

Parents should learn to according to the child's age and physical and mental characteristics seize the focus of cohesion,Don't be training institutions propaganda misleading.Even if parents want to choose the class cohesion,We have to pay attention to identify training institutions and the class the teacher's qualification,And pertinently for the children choose subjects.Parents should understand,Whether young cohesion,Or small initial cohesion/Junior cohesion,Study habit and method is the most important.Parents should pay attention to children physiological and psychological changes,Many children and communication,Cultivate children to their autonomous learning ability,Guide children found/Put forward and solve the problem.If possible,The school also should be facing parents carry out certain cohesion education.(The author is the Chinese education scientific research foundation education research center director/The researchers - ChenRuPing)