大学是什么 What is university

　　“大学是什么，这似乎是一个不言自明的问题，但是恰恰在这个问题上，人们都会犯糊涂。”复旦大学校长杨玉良在开学典礼上表示，社会更应关注大学具有的“永恒的属性”，在他看来，带有永恒性的东西恰恰有时候就是一些简单的常识，“对这个问题我们不需要用很多新的现代的语言来解释。”

"What is university,This seems to be a self-evident problem,But it is precisely this point,People can make foolish."Fudan university President YangYuLiang in the opening ceremony, said,Social more attention should be focused on university have"Eternal attribute",In his view,With immutability the thing just sometimes is some simple common sense,"To this problem we don't need to use a lot of new modern language to explain."

　　杨玉良引用教育大家蔡元培的话表示，“‘大学教育者养成人格之视野，是仅仅为灌输知识、练习技能之作用，而不灌之以理想，则是机械制教育，非所以施以人’。所以教育不是简单地灌输知识，不是训练各位在某一方面的技能，至少它不仅仅是。而在教育当中应该灌予理想在里头。”

YangYuLiang reference education everyone CAI yuanpei words said,"‘University educators form the view of personality,Is only for implant knowledge/Practice skills of the action,Without irrigation with ideal,Is mechanical system education,Not so with people’.So education is not simply to implant knowledge,Not all training in a hand skills,At least it is not only.And in the education of ideal should be irrigation to inside."

　　而这个“理想”，则包括四个方面：调和世界观与人生观、担负起将来的文化、培养独立不惧之精神和培养安贫乐道之志趣。

And this"ideal",It consists of four aspects:Harmonic world outlook and outlook on life/Shoulder future culture/To foster independent dare the spirit and cultivate the eagerness to share common interest.

　　在上海交通大学的开学典礼上，校长张杰同样引用经典对这个问题做出了解答：“蔡元培先生说，‘大学者，研究高深学问者也。’在他心中，大学是学术的象牙塔。美国著名的思想家艾伦·布鲁姆认为，大学是一个以理智为基石的国家的神殿。在他心中，大学是思想的源泉，是国家的智库。”

In Shanghai jiaotong university on the opening ceremony,The headmaster zhang jie also cited classic comment on this question the answer:"Said Mr. CAI yuanpei,‘Great scholars,The higher learning are.’In his heart,University is an academic ivory tower.The famous thinker Allan bloom think,University is a rational foundation for the country's temple.In his heart,University is the source of thought,Is the national think-tank."

　　在此基础上，张杰认为：“今天，大学正日渐成为社会的中心。大学不仅仅是知识的传承者和创造者，更是人类思想、精神和道德的制高点，是社会公平、正义和良心的最后堡垒。”

On the basis of,Zhang jie think:"today,Universities are increasingly become the center of the society.University is not only the inheritance of knowledge of, and the creator,Is human thought/The commanding heights of the mental and moral,Is social justice/Justice and the last bastion of conscience."

　　在华东师范大学的开学典礼上，新任校长陈群则连用了4个比喻：“大学是一道地平线。它的界限在你的视野范围内，却又在你永远不能抵达的地方；大学是滋养理想和人文精神的殿堂，大学固然是社会的一部分，沉淀着现代社会所有的美好与无奈，但大学更应该是文化与人文精神的一个高地，一个标杆；大学还是理性和科学产生的土壤；大学更是与这个世界连接的通道。”

In east China normal university on the opening ceremony,The new President is (iwslt four parable:"University is a horizon.Its boundaries in your field of vision range,But the you can never arrived in place;University is nourishing ideal and humanistic spirit of the palace,University is part of the society,Precipitation with modern society all the good and helpless,But more university should be the culture and the humanities spirit a highland,A mark pole;University or rational and scientific produce soil;University more with the world connected channel."

　　“你们就是大学！”在演讲的结尾，陈群勉励大家“你们今日与未来的创造，就是师大的未来与创造。”

"You are university!"In the end of the speech,Iwslt encourage everyone"Today you and the creation of the future,Is the future of the university and creation."

拒绝科学研究中的“愤青” Refuse to the scientific research"cynical"

为升官发财上大学会受鄙视 For promoting to a higher position in college will be despised

　　在以理工科见长的华东理工大学，校长钱旭红在研究生开学典礼上向研究生们抛出了一个问题：是脚踏实地地做研究，还是愤愤不平地抱怨？他明确要求研究生做科学研究中的“杰青”，而不要做科学研究中的“愤青”。

In science and engineering in the east China university of science and technology,The headmaster QianXu red in the graduate student opening ceremony on graduate students to throw out a question:Is down-to-earth to do research,Or resentfully complain?He is clear about the request of the graduate student to do scientific research"tax",And don't do the scientific research"cynical".

　　在钱旭红看来，做“愤青”还是做“杰青”，已不仅仅是政治活动领域的事情，而是关系着能否发挥创造力、在科学研究上做出成果的因素。他引用了一篇博客文章中的话说：“杰青多脚踏实地，心无旁鹜，潜心妙手著文章；愤青多胸怀世界，爱好广泛，希望铁肩担道义。”

In QianXu red looks,do"cynical"Or do"tax",Is not only a political activities in the field of things,But the relationship can play to creativity/In scientific research achievements made factors.He quoted a blog article in words:"More tax feet on the ground,Heart nothing extraneous,Infiltrator (#) with the articles;More cynical world mind,Hobby is widespread,Hope iron shoulders to moral."

　　钱旭红告诫新生们：许多人都是在抱怨中度过了一生，而抱怨的结果是恶化了他的环境和氛围，同时放弃了自己的责任。一个真正想改变自己、改变世界的人，他会把所受的委屈、所受的压力变成动力，以另外一种方式把它释放出去，而不是用道义来放弃自己对自己的控制。

QianXu red warning freshmen:Many people are complaining about have spent all my life,And complain that the result is worsened his environment and atmosphere,At the same time to give up their own responsibility.A truly want to change myself/Change the world,He will put the wrongs done/By pressure into power,In another way to release it out,And not to give up their moral for their control.

　　钱旭红并不否定年轻人想改变世界的理想的意义，他以广为流传的英国威斯敏斯特教堂旁边的墓志铭引出了这样的结论：如果你想改变一切，从你自己开始。

QianXu red does not negate the ideal of young people want to change the world of meaning,He is widely spread in the British Westminster Abbey next to the epitaph raises such a conclusion:If you want to change everything,Start from your own.

　　在复旦大学，解答了“大学是什么”之后，校长杨玉良接着问：为什么要上大学？他引用了复旦老校长李登辉在上世纪20年代说过的话：如果你是为了升官发财来到复旦学习的话，那么你在学校会受到鄙视。

In fudan university,Solve the"What is university"after,The headmaster YangYuLiang then asked:Why do you want to go on to college?He quoted the fudan old headmaster in the 1920 s, lee said:If you are in order to promoting to a higher position to fudan study of words,Then you in the school will be despised.

　　“当然，我们不可否认的是，浮躁的功利主义的社会心态对今日中国之大学的普遍的侵蚀，使得我们有时很难坚守作为一所大学和作为一个学生的本分。学生的本分是什么？学习。”

"Of course,We can not deny is,Blundering utilitarian social mentality to today's China university of general erosion,Sometimes it is difficult to stick to that we as a university and as a student's duty.What is the duty of the students?learning."

　　之后，杨玉良还与同学们分享了复旦大学中文系教授王安忆今年在复旦研究生毕业典礼上的一段讲话，劝同学们不要急于加入竞争“竞争难免会将你们放置在对比之中，影响自我的客观评定。竞争还会将你们纳入所谓的主流价值体系，这也会影响你们的价值观念。而我希望你们有足够的自信，与主流体系保持理性的距离，在相对的孤立当中来完善自己。”

after,YangYuLiang also and students share the fudan university Chinese department professor wang anyi this year in fudan graduate ceremony of a speech,Advise students don't rush to join the competition"Competition will inevitably will you placed in contrast in,Influence of the objective evaluation of self.Competition will also be you into the so-called mainstream value system,It can also affect your values.And I hope that you have enough confidence,And the mainstream system maintain rational distance,In relative isolation of to the improvement of yourself."

　　在华东师大，校长陈群则告诉同学，世界上有两种疯狂最为可怕，一种是什么都敢做的疯狂；另一种是什么都不做的疯狂。“所以，在华东师大，我希望你们学会脚踏实地做事与做人，有所为，有所不为。同学们，珍重自己，努力创造！”实习生 彭珅 本报记者 周凯

In east China normal university,The headmaster is tell students iwslt,There are two kind of crazy the most terrible,One is what all dare to do crazy;Another kind is what all don't do crazy."so,In east China normal university,I hope you learn to down-to-earth work and person,Something to do,it.The students,Treasure their,Strive to create!"Interns PengShen our reporter chu-kai