就眼下的三大条件，某种意义上，还是“拼爹时代”的一个缩影——父母没有房子，没有固定工作，没有上保险，没有待在一个被需要的城市，随迁子女也就无法享有在这座城市的高考权利。

Will the three conditions,A sense,or"Spell dad age"A miniature of the parents - without a house,No regular work,No insurance,No stay in a city of need,SuiQian children cannot enjoy the right to the city college entrance examination.

　　◎文/CBF记者 费一妍

Money text/CBF reporter fee a yan

　　8月的最后一天，传闻已久的“异地高考方案”迈出了第一步。 8 month of the last day,Hearsay already a long time of"Different college entrance examination scheme"Take the first step.

　　国务院办公厅转发了一份由教育部等四部门提出的文件给各省、自治区、直辖市——《关于做好进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试工作的意见》，要求在因地制宜的方针指导下，各地原则上应在2012年年底前出台有关随迁子女升学考试的方案。

The general office of the state council forwarding a by the ministry of education put forward four department documents to all the provinces/Autonomous region/Municipality directly under the --[The preparation for migrant workers SuiQian children receive compulsory education after the local attend school entrance examination opinions],Requirements in adjust measures to local conditions policy guidance,In principle all should be before the end of the year in 2012 issued relevant SuiQian children eleven-plus solutions.

　　这份文件一经批准，拍手叫好者有之，抗议反对的声音也甚嚣尘上。

This document is approved,JiaoHaoZhe clap your hands is,Protests against the sound of the narrative.

　　看似讲条件 实则“拼爹” Seemingly speak conditions in fact"Spell dad"

　　一周之后，风波尚未平息，教育部部长袁贵仁的一番讲话如火上浇油一般，再度将“异地高考”推向了风口浪尖。

A week later,Storm has not calm,The ministry of education minister of yuan guiren indicated a speech such as add fuel to the flames general,Will again"Different college entrance examination"To in the teeth of the storm.

　　对于“异地高考”的门槛，他提出了三大条件：家长基本条件、学生本人条件以及城市条件。家长需是迁入地的常住人口，有稳定的工作、稳定的住所和稳定的收入，并且交了各种保险。学生需在迁入地城市就读。此外，迁入地城市发展对行业群体的需求也是条件之一。各地根据学生本人条件和城市发展需要及承载能力，提出具体的解决办法。

for"Different college entrance examination"threshold,He put forward three conditions:Parents basic conditions/Student conditions and urban conditions.Parents need to be the permanent population areas,Have a steady job/Stable residence and stable income,And made all kinds of insurance.Students should study areas in the city.In addition,Urban development areas of industry groups of demand is one of the conditions.According to all the students I conditions and urban development needs and bearing capacity,It proposes the concrete solution.

　　袁贵仁的话音刚落，名为“沪【1】关爱随迁子女”的QQ群瞬间炸开了锅，纷纷指出这三项条件对于普通的外来务工者而言实在太过严苛，“闵行-7-二师兄”用户大声疾呼，“我们争取的是教育公平，不是又一轮的拼爹。”

Yuan guiren indicated voice just fell,called"Shanghai[1]Love SuiQian children"QQ group of instant blasted away the pot,Have pointed out that the three conditions for the average of migrant workers who work in was too harsh,"Minhang - 7 - two seniors"User outcry,"We strive for is education fair,Not another spell dad."

　　而一直反对“异地高考”的人群则认为，针对政策中没有具体定义“稳定”，这三大条件难以具体界定，但毫无疑问，能够满足“工作稳定、有房、上保险”这三项，庞大的农民工，这个最需要关照的群体，断然是被排除在外了。

And have been opposed to"Different college entrance examination"The people think,According to the policy without specific definition"stable",These three conditions difficult to specific definition,But there is no doubt that,Can satisfy the"stable/Has the room/insurance"The three,Large migrant workers,The most in need of care group,Flatness is ruled out the.

　　一直针锋相对的双方，这一次出现了相同的观点：这三大“条件”实质上是“门槛”，隐藏着“拼爹”逻辑！

Have been on both sides of the tit for tat,This time in the same point of view:These three"conditions"Is essentially"threshold",hidden"Spell dad"logic!

　　一如当初教育部社会科学委员会委员、复旦大学图书馆馆长葛剑雄所预料的，“如各校都按分数或自定指标录取，老少边穷地区的学生还能照顾吗？如全面放开异地高考，那里的多少家庭有条件提前送孩子去发达的异地读高中？”一场为了“公平”的改革并不能如人意料地达到最初的目的。

As at the beginning the ministry of education and social science committee/Fudan university library director GeJianXiong predicted,"If all the schools according to the grades or custom index admission,LaoShaoBianQiong area students also can take care of?Such as comprehensive let go of different college entrance examination,There many family conditional advance send their children to developed different high school?"A field in order to"fair"Reform and not as one who unexpectedly to achieve the purpose of the first.

　　就眼下的三大条件，某种意义上，还是“拼爹时代”的一个缩影——父母没有房子，没有固定工作，没有上保险，没有待在一个被需要的城市，随迁子女也就无法享有在这座城市的高考权利。

Will the three conditions,A sense,or"Spell dad age"A miniature of the parents - without a house,No regular work,No insurance,No stay in a city of need,SuiQian children cannot enjoy the right to the city college entrance examination.

　　“门槛必然存在。”复旦大学国际关系与公共事务学院熊易寒从事多年农民工子弟教育研究，他告诉《中国经贸聚焦》记者，“从学生长远发展来看，我认为门槛的设定应先看学生本人条件，其次是家长条件。”

"Threshold there must be."Fudan university international relations and public affairs college XiongYi cold for many years engaged in education research of migrant workers,He told[Focus on China's economic and trade]reporter,"From students to see the long-term development,I think the threshold setting should be see students I conditions,The second is the parents conditions."

　　他进一步解释道，“不设立家长条件，在现阶段是不可能的，否则受益面太宽，难以控制外来务工者的人口流动，无法保障本地居民的权益。但既然是以学生利益为核心，那么更应该注重学生本人条件，例如他有可能在上海读了小学、初中、高中，也可能只是高中才来，也有可能高中一年在这里，这需要政府来决策判断什么样的学生与本地生是一样的。”

He further explains,"Don't set up parents conditions,At the present stage is not possible,Otherwise benefited range is too wide,Difficult to control the population of migrant workers who work flow,Is unable to safeguard the rights and interests of the local residents.But since the basis of students' interests as the core,So more should pay great attention to the student conditions,For example, he could read the primary school in Shanghai/Junior high school/High school,Also may be high school just come to,May also be high school a year here,This requires the government to decision judge what kind of students and native is the same."

　　现今出台的“三大条件”，虽然不乏当初良好的初衷和善意，但依然以父辈们的成就作为主要依据，有失公平。中国流动人口更多的是一种候鸟式的生存，依然有大量的随迁子女会因为父母的漂移不定而失去“异地高考”的机会，于农民工子女而言，更像是画饼充饥罢了。

Now on the introduction of the"The three conditions",Although there is no lack of had good original intention and kindness,But still with their parents' generation achievements as the main basis,Is unfair.China's migrant population is more of a HouDiaoShi survival,There are still a large number of SuiQian children will because of his parents' drift indefinite and lose"Different college entrance examination"opportunity,For the children of peasant workers in,More like just pie in the sky.

　　熊易寒向记者透露，现在各地政府的确压力很大，每周上海市教委都会出现两拨人，一拨多是外来务工者，要求“异地高考”，另一拨则多是上海本地居民，反对“异地高考”。

XiongYi cold has revealed,Now the local government is under a lot of pressure,Shanghai municipal education commission, a week will appear two dial the people,Is appealing to migrant workers who work,requirements"Different college entrance examination",The other is more appealing to the Shanghai local residents,against"Different college entrance examination".

　　针锋相对 沸反盈天 Tit for tat raise hell

　　外来务工者与本地居民，双方的针锋相对早已不是什么新鲜事儿了。

Migrant workers who work with local residents,Both sides of the tit for tat no longer a fresh thing.

　　从2010年7月到2012年8月，随迁子女家长们连续26个月去教育部呈请呼吁取消户籍对受教育权的限制。2011年1月撰写《取消高考户籍限制可行性研究报告》，发布在“我要高考网”网站上，向社会进行公示。至今几易其稿，并每月向相关教育部门提交。

From July 2010 to August 2012,SuiQian children parents continuous 26 months to go to the ministry of education called for an end to the limitation of census register to education.In January 2011, writing[Cancel the university entrance exam the feasibility study report of census register restrictions],Published in"I want the university entrance exam net"Web site,To the society public.So far a few easy its stalk of grain,And to relevant education department for a month.

　　《报告》提到，“新移民作为输入地的纳税人，在为当地经济社会发展做出巨大贡献承担市民义务的同时，却无法享受与输入地市民相同的权利。”他们呼吁，现在是时候取消高考户籍限制，解决新移民子女的受教育问题了。

[The report]mentioned,"New immigrants as input fields of the taxpayer,For the local economic and social development made great contribution to assume the obligation of citizens at the same time,But can't enjoy the same rights as citizens and input fields."They call for,Now is the time to cancel the university entrance exam census register restrictions,To solve new migrant children by education problems.

　　而同时，另一个群反对开放异地高考的人们也不曾停止他们的行动。今年7月26日，5名上海网友结伴前往上海市教育委员会，递交了《反对上海开放异地高考》建议书。建议书图文并茂，详细列举上海资源被外来务工者大量占用的数据，“作为一位遵守计划生育法规的家长，对于要和外来超生者分享这有限的资源，而感到强烈的遗憾与不满！”

At the same time,Another group of against open different college entrance examination's people never stop their actions.July 26,,Five Shanghai net friend companion to Shanghai education committee,Submitted the[Shanghai open against different college entrance examination]proposal.Proposal excellent pictures and texts,Detailed list Shanghai resources are migrant workers who work occupied a large number of data,"As a abide by family planning laws and regulations of parents,For want and exotic super living person share the limited resources,And feel strong regret and dissatisfaction!"

　　尽管上海已经透露将采用积分制，综合考虑外来务工者在沪的职业情况与其随迁子女的就读年限，出台“异地高考”实施方案，但这依旧没有阻止上海市民反对该项政策的决心。9月15日，网友们再次聚集在上海市教委的门口，举着“保障本地生源公平入学”、“合理分配教育资源，严格异地中高考准入标准”的标语。

Although Shanghai has revealed JiFenZhi will be used,Comprehensive consideration of the migrant workers who work in Shanghai professional situation with its SuiQian children attend fixed number of year,issued"Different college entrance examination"Implementation plan,But that still did not stop the Shanghai citizens against the policy determination.On September 15,,Net friends again gathered at the door of the Shanghai municipal education commission,holding"Secure the local germ fair entrance"/"Reasonable distribution education resources,Strictly different ZhongGaoKao access standard"slogan.

　　上海市教委副主任尹后庆透露，目前在沪接受义务教育的外来务工者随迁子女超过50万人。上海将统筹考虑随迁子女父母在上海的合法稳定工作、合法稳定住处、按国家规定缴纳社会保险的年限，以及随迁子女在当地的就读年限等情况，通过综合积分，确定其是否达到在沪参加中高考的条件。

Deputy director of the Shanghai municipal education commission after Yin a revealed,Currently in Shanghai to receive compulsory education of migrant workers who work SuiQian children more than 500000 people.Shanghai will consider to plan as a whole SuiQian children parents in Shanghai legal stable work/Legal stable habitation/According to the provisions of the state pay society insurance fixed number of year,And SuiQian children in local studying fixed number of year, etc,Through the comprehensive integration,Determine whether it is in Shanghai to attend ZhongGaoKao conditions.

　　“上海异地高考方案设计的核心问题，是城市人口过快增长与城市承载力的矛盾。”按国务院的通知要求，上海根据城市功能定位、产业结构布局、城市资源承载能力等确定“异地高考”方案。目前，上海正抓紧建立健全外来务工人员管理制度。“在此基础上才能制定与之相衔接的随迁子女中高考方案。”

"Shanghai college entrance examination different scheme design of the core problem,Is the city the rapid population growth and the bearing capacity of city contradiction."According to the notice of the state council requirements,According to the Shanghai urban function orientation/Distribution of industry structure/The city resources carrying capacity and sure"Different college entrance examination"scheme.At present,Shanghai is to establish and perfect the management system of migrant workers."Based on this to the formulation and the coherent SuiQian children ZhongGaoKao scheme."

　　同样承受着大量外来务工者的北京，其教委新闻发言人线联平表示，北京的“异地高考”方案目前还在研究中，具体推出日期暂时还不能确定。

The same under a large number of migrant workers who work in Beijing,The education commission spokesman line league ping said,Beijing"Different college entrance examination"Plan is still in the study,Specific launch date temporarily not sure yet.

　　势在必行 开口不大 It is imperative to open is not big

　　山东、福建分别在今年2月和5月发布相关规定，从2014年起，凡在山东、福建高中段有三年完整学习经历的非户籍考生，均可就地报名参加高考，与当地考生享受同等的录取政策。对于在当地就读的随迁子女而言，心中的石头落了地，历史悲剧不再上演。

shandong/Fujian respectively in February and may release the relevant provisions,Since 2014,And in shandong/Fujian high school section has three years complete learning experience of the census register examinee,All can in situ register to attend the university entrance exam,With the local students enjoy the same admission policy.In the local attended SuiQian in children,The stone fell from his heart,Historical tragedy is no longer stage.

　　钮盛（化名）与妻子在上海做生意已经十年有余，他们的孩子小钮在上海出生，也在上海读小学、初中，但是必须回家乡参加高考。

NiuCheng(alias)And his wife have been doing business in Shanghai more than ten years,Their children small button was born in Shanghai,Also in Shanghai primary school/Junior high school,But must come back to my hometown to attend the university entrance exam.

　　老家的上课教材和考试内容与上海有很多不同，为了提前适应，小钮不得不孤身一人回到陌生的家乡读高中。“十年寒窗啊，最终换来这个结果。” 钮盛无奈地摇摇头，有时接到孩子哭诉的电话“心如刀割，家乡话听不懂，家乡的风俗不适应，学习上的压力非常大，对这个孩子来说太难了！”

Their hometown class teaching materials and examination content and Shanghai has a lot of different,In order to advance to adapt to,Small button to return to the hometown alone strange high school."Ten years learning ah,For the final results." NiuCheng reluctantly shook his head,Sometimes received child SOB telephone"joey,When listening to don't understand,Hometown custom does not adapt,The pressure in study is very large,To the child too difficult!"

　　“来上海那么多年了，一直盼着有个上海户口，即使不能落户，也想着能给孩子在上海考试的资格，毕竟她从小就是在上海长大的呀。” 钮盛的言谈里透露着太多的无奈。

"Come to Shanghai for so many years,Have been looking forward to a Shanghai registered permanent residence,Even if can't settle,Also thinking of can give children in Shanghai exam qualification,After all she usta grew up in Shanghai of ah." In NiuCheng speech that too many helpless.

　　现今，“异地高考”终于要开口了，但是这口子能开多大，所有人的眼睛都牢牢盯着。

now,"Different college entrance examination"Finally the mouth,But this cut how can open,All eyes are firmly staring at.

　　在熊易寒看来，“异地高考”的确势在必行，但是，作为一项改革，尤其是关系到每一户家庭的重要改革，先易后难、循序渐进，追求稳妥是必然的。“现在，地方政府应该会在保护本地居民的高考权利基础上，再进行适当的开口。”

In XiongYi seems cold,"Different college entrance examination"Indeed, it is imperative,but,As a reform,Especially relates to every household important reform,After the first easy to/Step by step,The pursuit of sound is inevitable."now,The local government should be in protecting local residents college entrance examination based on the right,Then to the appropriate open."

　　各地地方政府不仅要考虑到本地居民对于“高考移民”的顾虑，还要考虑每年高考人数周期性等问题。“2012年上海高考人数仅5.5万人，比6年前缩水了一半，但并不意味着之后的高考人数逐年递减，而是呈周期性变化，地方政府必须做好充足的预案。”

All local governments should not only consider the local residents to"College entrance examination immigrant"concern,Consider the college entrance examination each year the number of problems such as periodic."Shanghai college entrance examination in 2012 the number of only 55000 people,More than 6 years ago shrunk half,But this does not mean that the college entrance examination after the number of decreasing year by year,But to a periodic variation,The local government must make full plan."

　　自主招生 建立多元体系 Independent recruit students to establish multivariate system

　　就在人们纷纷议论“异地高考”政策之时，21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇在接受《中国经贸聚集》记者采访时，语出惊人：“在现行高考制度框架下解决异地高考问题，问题会越来越多，因此，我建议将异地高考问题的解决与高考制度改革相结合。”

The people murmured"Different college entrance examination"Policy of,The 21st century education institute, vice President of the XiongBingJi in accepting[China's economic and trade together]A reporter to interview,Something outlandish:"In the current college entrance examination system under the framework of the university entrance exam to solve different problems,Problems will more and more,therefore,I suggest that the college entrance examination will be different solutions of the problem of college entrance examination system reform with combination."

　　在他看来，在分省按计划集中录取的制度框架下开放异地高考，各地方政府出台的“异地高考”相关方案，尤其是京沪两地，必然会根据经济、社会发展和教育资源情况，设定相对较高的门槛。

In his view,In points province according to plan concentrated admission system framework of different Open University entrance exam,The local government on the introduction of the"Different college entrance examination"Related scheme,Especially just two,Will according to the economy/Social development and education resources situation,Setting the threshold of the relatively high.

　　因此，要根本解决异地高考问题，必须打破现行高考录取制度，与高考改革相结合，放权给学校。熊丙奇提出，一方面，高职高专实行“注册入学，申请入学”，取消报考的户籍限制，另一方面，高水平大学自主招生，打破分省按计划集中录取，深入解决异地高考问题。

therefore,To fundamentally solve different problems the college entrance examination,We must break the current college entrance examination enrollment system,The college entrance examination reform and combination,Decentralization to school.XiongBingJi put forward,On the one hand,Higher vocational practice"matriculated,Apply for admission",Cancel enter oneself for an examination of census register restrictions,On the other hand,High level of university autonomy enrollment,Break points province according to plan concentrated admission,Further to solve different problems the college entrance examination.

　　熊丙奇进一步解释说，既要推进“异地高考”，又要维护现行高考制度，保证地方高考利益，“异地高考”就变得十分复杂。而如果从根本上改革按计划集中录取制度，问题也就迎刃而解。

XiongBingJi further explained,Should promote"Different college entrance examination",And to maintain the current college entrance examination system,Ensure that place the university entrance exam interests,"Different college entrance examination"Will become very complex.And if fundamentally reform plan concentrated enrollment system,Problems will be readily solved.

　　2010年颁布的《国家教育规划纲要》中明确提到，推进“学校自主招生，学生多次选择”的高考改革，如果切实落实，实现就地高考、就地录取并不难。而且，这也符合中国高考改革的方向，可以打破一考定终身格局，并落实学校的办学自主权。其次，高校在录取中，可以结合考生统一考试成绩、中学学业成绩、大学面试考察和地区教育因素进行综合评价录取，尤其是可以通过地区教育因素，校正各地的教育质量差异，实现地区间的高考录取实质公平。

Introduced in 2010[National education planning outline]Expressly mentioned,propulsion"The school autonomy enrollment,Many students choose"College entrance examination reform,If earnestly implement,Realize local college entrance examination/In situ admission is not difficult.and,It also accord with the direction of the reform of China's college entrance examination,Can break a lifelong pattern discovery,And carry out the school autonomy.secondly,In colleges and universities in the admission,Can combine the examinee unified exam achievement/Middle school academic performance/University interview investigation and regional education factors comprehensive evaluation admission,Especially can through the area education factors,Correction around the education quality difference,To realize regional college entrance examination admission essence fair.

　　目前，中国已有80所高水平大学实行自主招生。熊丙奇指出，国内高校的自主招生是嫁接在集中录取上的伪改革，结果还是政府部门掌握投档权，分数的重要作用继续体现，学生的选择权没有增加，负担更加沉重。国外大学自主招生也看统一测试成绩，但同时建立多元评价体系，并不是由政府部门投档，不是放在某个批次，也不要求学生只能拿到一张录取通知书。

At present,China had 80 high-level university recruitment of students autonomously.XiongBingJi pointed out that,Domestic university autonomous enrollment is grafting in concentrated admission of pseudo reform,Results or government departments to master cast archives right,Score the important role of continue to reflect,Students' option did not increase,More heavy burden.Foreign university autonomy enrollment also see unified test scores,But at the same time establish multivariate evaluation system,And not by government departments to cast archives,Not in a batch,Also does not ask students can only get a letter of admission.

　　众说纷纭之际，《人民日报》官方微博也发声了——异地高考进入实质操作，议论和担忧纷至沓来。这就是当下改革面临的现状：利益主体各有诉求，社会舆论各执一词，得过且过的逃避和乌托邦式的苛求并存。对于改革者而言，既需要精巧平衡的智慧，更需要锐意进取的担当。转型中国，问题矛盾不能击鼓传花。

The opinions vary,[People's Daily]The official micro bo also voice - different college entrance examination into the essence of operation,Discussion and concerns as thick as hail.This is the current situation faced to the present reform:Benefit main body each have appeal,Public opinion each sticks to his argument,Perfunctory escape and utopian demanding coexist.As for the reformers,Needs not only the wisdom of exquisite balance,More need to forge ahead of the bear.Transformation China,Problem a conflict is not playing music ball.