进入21世纪以来，大学生创业成为高校的一个热门话题。据统计，“十一五”期间，浙江从事自主创业和自由职业的应届毕业生超过两万人。

In the 21st century,University student's pioneering work in university is a hot topic.According to the statistics,"11th five-year plan"period,Zhejiang engaged in independent business and free professional graduates more than twenty thousand people.

　　这些创业的大学生现状如何？他们在创业过程中有些什么困难？高校、政府部门针对大学生创业出台的扶持政策有没有起到作用？昨日，宁波工程学院对媒体发布了一份学生调查报告，从这份报告中发现，近几年宁波高校在校大学生创业积极性总体较高，但是在发展中仍存在不少瓶颈。

These venture of college students how is the situation now?They are in the process of business what difficulties?the/Government departments according to university student's pioneering work on the introduction of the supporting policies have play a role?yesterday,Ningbo engineering institute of media released a student survey report,From this report found,In recent years the university students enthusiasm venture ningbo general higher,But in developing still exist many bottlenecks.

　　通讯员 谭超华 记者 章萍 实习生 高文婷

Reporter correspondent TanChaoHua ZhangPing interns GaoWenTing

　　

创业劣势 Venture disadvantages

　　

项目定位不准确，缺乏管理、法律方面知识 Project positioning inaccurate,Lack of management/Legal knowledge

　　据了解，这份调查是宁波工程学院学生处副处长易后余带领12名学生，调查了宁波大学、宁波大学科学技术学院、浙江纺织服装学院、宁波工程学院等4所高校34名在校创业的学生和指导创业的教师后，共同完成的。从调查看，大学生尤其是在校大学生创业普遍存在四大劣势：

It is understood,This survey is ningbo engineering college student affairs with vice director easy lead after more than 12 students,Investigation of the ningbo university/Ningbo university institute of science and technology/Zhejiang textile college/Ningbo engineering college and universities and in school business student and guidance of business after the teacher,Do together.From the survey to see,College students, especially college students entrepreneurial widespread four big disadvantage:

　　1.创业的出发点缺乏理性基础。从调查看，超过50%的大学生创业的出发点是为了挑战自我，还有近25%的受访者则是为了寻求刺激，这就说明他们创业出发点缺乏一定的理性基础。

1. The starting point of the lack of a rational basis for business.From the survey to see,More than 50% of the students in business starting point is to challenge themselves,And nearly 25% of people is to seek stimulation,This means they venture starting point the lack of certain rational basis.

　　2.创业项目定位不准确。调查发现，许多在校大学生对创业的认识还只停留在一个美好的想象中，创业项目的选择往往没有经过市场调研就仓促上马。

2. Venture project positioning inaccurate.Survey found,Many college students in the understanding of the business just stop at a good imagination,Venture project choice often without market research is haste to build.

　　3.综合素质弱，缺乏经验。虽然多数大学生在大学期间也学了一些有关基础管理方面的知识，但对于人事管理、资金财务管理、生产管理、经济法、税务、知识产权法等知识仍比较缺乏。

(3) comprehensive quality weak,Lack of experience.Although most college students during the university also learn some of the relevant basic knowledge of management,But for personnel management/Fund financial management/Production management/Economic law/tax/Knowledge of intellectual property law is still lack of comparison.

　　4.与学业冲突矛盾。在创业过程中，每个创业项目都需要花费很多时间和精力去管理经营，而作为学生，又需要根据学校安排的课表准时上下课，完成相应的课后作业和进行各种考试。许多大学生往往会顾此失彼，有的同学甚至学业不成功，创业也不顺利。

4. And academic conflicts.In the business process,Each venture projects need to spend a lot of time and energy to management,But as the student,According to the school and the need to arrange the schedule adding and dropping classes on time,Finish the corresponding assignments and exams.Many college students tend to attend,Some of my classmates even school is not successful,Entrepreneurial also not smooth.

　　

超过八成的创业学生不了解创业补助政策 More than eighty percent of the venture students don't know venture subsidy policy

　　为支持、鼓励大学生创业，从中共中央办公厅、国务院办公厅到当地政府部门，相继出台了多项扶持政策，其中包括提供小额贷款、减免税收、员工聘请和培训享受减免费优惠等。高校也纷纷推出鼓励扶持举措，宁波大学、宁波工程学院、宁波大学科技学院及浙江纺织服装学院均成立了创业指导中心，对学生开展创业教育，鼓励学生参加各种类型的创业计划竞赛。针对学生创业普遍存在的经验经费不足、场地缺乏及学业与创业的矛盾等问题，四大高校均开创了大学生创业孵化基地，孵化园不仅免费开放，而且在网络、电费、水费方面也有学校实行了全免制度。

To support/Encourage the students in business,From the general office of the CPC central committee/The general office of the state council to the local government department,Have issued a number of supporting policies,Including provides small loans/Tax reduction and exemption/Employee hiring and training JianMianFei enjoy preferential, etc.Universities have also launched encouraging and supporting measures,Ningbo university/Ningbo college of engineering/Ningbo university science and technology college and zhejiang textile and garment college are established entrepreneurial guidance center,For the student to carry out the business education,Encourage students to participate in various types of business plan competition.In view of the student venture widespread experience insufficient funds/Site deficiency and academic and business problems such as contradictions,Four universities are opened the students in business incubation base,Incubation park not only open for free,And in the network/electricity/Water also have a school implemented all free system.

　　但从调查看，超过半数的被访问者表示对政策偶尔关注，约30%的被访者表示不太愿意去了解，只是知道一点；只有不到20%的被访者经常关注且比较清楚地了解相关政策。

But from the survey to see,More than half of the interviewee expressed concern policy occasionally,About 30% of the respondents said they don't want to understand,Just know a little;Less than 20% of the respondents often concern and a better understanding of the relevant policy.

　　以创业资金为例，尽管从中央到地方专门为大学生创业出台了小额贷款政策，但调查显示：有超过半数的创业者（52.94%）选择与合伙人融资从而获得创业资金，47.06%的创业者来自于家庭的支持。

In venture capital, for example,Although from central to local specifically for college students' venture issued a small loan policy,But the survey:More than half of the entrepreneurs(52.94%)Selection and partner financing to get venture capital,47.06% of entrepreneurs from family support.

　　

应对措施 measures

　　

高校多提供创业培训，学生最好选择合伙创业 University provide entrepreneurial training,The students had better choose partnership entrepreneurship

　　采访中，易后余指出，目前大学生在创业方面还存在着诸多问题，要解决这些问题，最关键的是要培养大学生形成正确的自主创业意识。在这过程中，高校、社会、政府层面要对大学生加强自主创业的菜单式培训，提高大学生自主创业的综合能力、市场洞察能力。学校要引导学生正确认识社会，了解社会需求，积累创业经验，逐渐形成正确的自主创业意识与准确的市场定位；大学生自己则应塑造良好的创业心理素质，并通过各种渠道广泛获取创业经验。

interview,After yi yu said,At present in the business college students still have many problems,To solve these problems,The key is to cultivate college students to form the correct independent pioneering consciousness.In the process,the/social/The government level to the college students to strengthen the independent venture menu type training,To improve the comprehensive ability of the graduates to set their own business/Market insight ability.School should guide students to a correct understanding of the society,To understand the social demand,Accumulated experience,Gradually formed the right on their own consciousness and accurate market positioning;Students shall be his shape good psychological quality of entrepreneurship,And through various channels for extensive experience.

　　还有一点也比较重要，同校创业的学生可以多进行沟通、交流。为了减低创业风险，优化利用资源，在校大学生最好能合伙共同创业。“一根筷子很容易就被折断，十根筷子绑在一起就不会轻易被折断了。”易后余告诉记者。 It is also more important,Opposed to business student can communicate/communication.In order to reduce the risk of business,Optimizing use of resources,College students can best partnership to start a business together."A piece of chopsticks very easy to be broken,Ten root chopsticks tied together will not easily be broken."Easy more than after told reporters.