联合国2009年公布的《世界儿童状况》报告显示，每年全球约有5亿至15亿儿童遭受暴力。“虐童”现象不仅发生在贫穷、战乱的国家，也发生在发达国家。怎样才能避免孩子的“童年阴影”？对于这个问题，各国都在不断追问并思索。

The United Nations released in 2009[The situation of children of the world]The report shows that,Around the world each year about 500 million to 1.5 billion children suffered from violence."Child abuse"Phenomenon not only occurred in poverty/War country,Also occurred in the developed countries.How can you avoid child"Childhood shadow"?For this problem,Countries are in constant questions and thinking.

西方国家虐童案不断 Western countries continuously child abuse case

　　今年4月，德国法院终于开庭审理了3年前曾引起轩然大波的一起虐童案。2009年4月，萨克森州的两名教师被揭露曾虐待过自己负责照顾的6名5至12岁儿童。他们虐待孩子的方法令人震惊：强迫孩子吃呕吐物；嫌孩子“太吵”，用胶条封住孩子的嘴；不听话就用针扎，把孩子的手放到滚烫的炉灶上……对此，德国媒体将矛头直指监管部门，认为他们对家长的投诉反应太迟，才造成如此严重的恶果。

In April this year,The German court finally open a court session to hear a three years ago the uproar caused child abuse case together.In April 2009,The state of Saxony two teachers be revealed his abuse was responsible for the care of six 5 to 12 years old children.They abused children's approach was shocked:Force children to eat vomit;Too children"Too noisy",To use theblock glue seal the child's mouth;Not obedient with the needle,The child's hand on the hot stove……this,German media will spearhead directed at the supervision department,Think they home long complaints reaction too late,Just cause so serious consequences.

　　据德国媒体报道，每年德国约有1万名儿童遭到虐待。虐待儿童的不仅有幼儿园教师，很多家长也难辞其咎。在家庭中，性格不成熟、缺乏责任感和稳定自我认识的父母往往容易有虐待孩子的习惯。这样的父母特别不能承受压力，而且受教育程度通常较低。

According to the German media reports,Germany every year there are about 10000 children abuse.Child abuse is not only a kindergarten teacher,Many parents also corrupting vibrant traditions.In the family,Character not mature/The lack of sense of responsibility and stable self-awareness parents tend to have the habit of child abuse.So parents special unable to bear pressure,And by the education degree is usually lower.

　　在相对缺乏监管和亲情看护的公共机构如孤儿院内，虐童案更是高发。日本厚生劳动省公布的数据表明，2011年在孤儿院等设施内发生的虐待儿童事件40多件，其中身体虐待34件，心理虐待6件，近亲乱伦2件，性虐待1件。更有数据称，有约5万日本儿童因此遭受摧残。由于严苛的教育理念，日本家庭内的虐待事件也很多，日本媒体称，被发现的虐童案不过是冰山一角。

In the relative lack of supervision and family care of public institutions such as orphans hospital,Child abuse case is high.Hakuo figures show,2011 years in the orphanage facilities such as child abuse event occurred within more than 40 pieces,The physical abuse and parts,Psychological abuse 6 pieces,Inbreeding incest 2 pieces,Sexual abuse one.For allegedly more,About 50000 Japanese children so trouble spots.Due to the severe education concept,Japan in the family of abuse event also many,Japanese media say,Child abuse case was found but the tip of the iceberg.

　　在法国，虐童现象也时有发生。据统计，每年法国约有9.5万虐童投诉，调查后其中约20%属实。这些案件90%以上是自己家庭直系亲属所为，以体罚与心理虐待为主。事实证明，小时候受到虐待的人，长大后虐待孩子的比例很高，法国社会正讨论解决这一问题的办法。

In France,Child abuse phenomenon also happen from time to tome.According to the statistics,Every year there are about 95000 French child abuse complaints,After investigation of which about 20% true.These cases 90% above is his family for immediate family,To corporal punishment and psychological abuse is given priority to.Facts have proved,When I was a child abuse people,Grew up a high proportion of child abuse,The French society is to discuss the solution to this problem.

一旦违规，幼儿园就“关门” Once the illegal,Kindergarten is"closed"

　　虐童案在全球范围内频发，推动了各国保护儿童法律法规的完善和执行。2009年10月，加拿大卑诗省列治文市一名家长发现，自己18个月大的孩子从柏萨尼幼儿园接回后，面部有伤痕，怀疑是摔倒所致，于是向警方投诉。半年后警方调查发现，这个孩子和其他幼儿都曾被老师举起直接摔在地上致伤，71岁的幼儿园经理和两名幼儿园老师均与此有关，警方随即逮捕上述三人，并控以1至3项故意伤人罪。这件事在加拿大社会内部造成巨大影响，当地警方为此特别设置专人接受相关询问。

Child abuse case in the global scope frequent,Promote the countries to protect children's laws and regulations, improve and implement.In October 2009,Canada British Columbia listed to the city a parents found,His 18 months from the kindergarten children SaNi parker after back,Facial scar have,Doubt is caused by the fall,Then complained to the police about.After six months the police investigation found,The child and other children have the teacher held up by direct fell on the ground to injury,The 71 - year - old kindergarten manager and two are related to the kindergarten teacher,The police immediately arrested the three people,And charged with 1 to 3 items intentionally wounding with.This thing in Canada society internal cause great influence,Local police for this special special Settings related to ask.

　　实际上，加拿大一直很重视幼儿管理。为了规范幼儿教育，加拿大推行严格的幼教资格证书制度。幼儿园老师需经过综合培训、考核，专业能力、心理素质和情绪控制水平都在观察、考核之列。不但正规幼教需要接受考核，即便在幼儿园代班打工的小时工，也同样必须“持证上岗”，否则不但违规上岗者会被立即清退，幼儿园也会受到严厉处罚，甚至被勒令关闭。

In fact,Canada has been very pay attention to preschool management.In order to standardize the preschool education,Canada implement strict preschool education qualification certificate system.Kindergarten teacher needs to pass a comprehensive training/assessment,Professional ability/Psychological quality and emotional control level are in observation/Among the assessment.Not only normal preschool education need to accept examination,Even in the kindergarten generation class work hourly worker,Also must"posts",Otherwise not only illegal ShangGangZhe will be immediately to repel,The kindergarten will also be punished severely,Even were ordered to shut down.

　　由于加拿大有专门部门负责受理幼儿家长的各种投诉，一旦被查实存在虐童、不当伤害或过失伤害行为，业者和园方往往会因此丢饭碗甚至关门。因此，加拿大幼儿园对看护责任划定认真到苛刻的地步，孩子送到幼儿园时腿上有个新伤疤，或眼角贴块胶布，园方都会立即声明“和我们无关”，甚至要求家长书面确认。去稍远的地方活动，幼儿园也会让家长事先签署“免责声明”。记者的孩子有一次在家擦伤了眼角，第二天到幼儿园，老师立即让记者确认“伤痕系送来时就有”，园方没有责任，而另一次孩子在幼儿园里被蚊子叮了两个大包，老师也在当晚声明“责任是园方的”。

Because Canada has special department responsible for children of parents accept all kinds of complaints,Once be verify existence of child abuse/Improper damage or negligence injury behavior,Industry and the zoo will often so job even close the door.therefore,Canada kindergarten to nurse responsibility seriously delimit to harsh point,When the child to kindergartens or nursery schools will have a new scar on the leg,Or canthus stick piece of adhesive tape,The zoo will immediately statement"And we have nothing to do",Even written confirmation for parents.Go to a little distance of a local activities,The kindergarten will also let the parents signed in advance"disclaimer".Reporter's children have a bruised canthus at home,The next day to the kindergarten,The teacher immediately let reporters confirmed"Scar system when they have brought",The zoo have no responsibility,And another child in the kindergarten was bitten by a mosquito two bale,The teacher also in the statement"The responsibility is to the zoo".

　　在日本，无论是主要照顾小孩子的保育园，还是3岁以上孩子进的幼稚园，老师也都必须拥有教师资格。一名家长对记者说，她儿子所在的私立幼稚园每天上午9时开始，下午3时结束。她每天送孩子和接孩子时都要和老师聊一聊，孩子回家后她也及时问问在幼稚园都做了些什么，目前还没发现老师有虐待孩子的问题。此外，幼稚园也会把孩子每天的日程发给家长，便于家长监督。如果发现老师有问题，家长可以随时向校长反映，要是得不到解决还可以找当地的教育委员会等。

In Japan,Whether the main take care of children's nursery,Or 3 years old children in kindergarten,The teacher also must have qualifications for teachers.A parents told reporters,Her son in the private kindergarten at 9 at the start of every day,Afternoon 3 when the end.Every day she send children and answering a child will be and the teacher a chat,The children came home she also timely ask in kindergarten all did some what,At present haven't found that the teacher has the problem of child abuse.In addition,Kindergarten will take the children daily schedule to parents,Facilitate parents supervision.If it is found that the teacher has a problem,Parents can always reflect to the principal,If can't be solved also can look for local education committee, etc.

　　近年来，日本妈妈们育儿上的精神压力、生活压力越来越大，虐待儿童的倾向有所增加，日本社会也开始重视这个问题。为了减少虐待儿童事件的发生，日本厚生劳动省把每年的11月份定为“儿童虐待防止月”。

In recent years,Japan mothers on parenting stress/Life is more and more big pressure,The tendency of child abuse has increased,Japanese society also started to pay attention to this problem.In order to reduce the occurrence of child abuse,Hakuo put each November as"Child abuse prevent month".

　　法国社会整体非常重视未成年人的权利，有关法律齐全，最新的保护未成年人法律是2007年更新修正的。从启蒙运动开始，法国在世界上首先提出善待儿童、重视孩子教育的理念。法国家庭一般很少用体罚，学校更是严格禁止教师采用各种惩罚手段。

The French society as a whole attaches great importance to the minors' rights,Relevant laws is complete,The latest law is to protect minors in 2007 update modified.Start from the enlightenment,France put forward at first in the world to children/Pay attention to the concept of children education.The French family general seldom use corporal punishment,School teacher is strictly prohibited by all kinds of punishment.

　　此外，法国人将教师视为社会工作者，对教师资质的控制十分严格，各级学校的教师均是公务员身份，即使是私立学校也是如此。教师最重要的责任就是保护未成年人，如果教师虐待学生，或者发现有学生受虐后没有第一时间向有关部门反映，不仅会被开除教师资格，而且会遭到法律加重处罚。法国每个学校，包括幼儿园、托儿所还设有社会辅助机构，有专人负责，直接向学校校长和上一级社会辅助机构负责。各级学校还必须张贴保护未成年人热线的免费电话号码，让有问题的孩子可以自己及时反映情况，即使是幼儿园孩子也有权使用这样的电话。

In addition,The French people will teachers as a social worker,To teacher qualification control is very strict,Schools at all levels of teachers are civil servants identity,Even private schools is also so.The most important responsibility of teachers is to protect minors,If teachers students abuse,Or found to have students abused after the first time not to the relevant departments to reflect,Not only will be fired qualifications for teachers,And by the law will aggravate punishment.France every school,Including kindergarten/Nursery also is equipped with the social auxiliary mechanism,A specialist is responsible,Directly to the school principal and the level of social auxiliary mechanism responsible for.Schools at all levels must also posted to protect minors hotline free telephone number,Let have a problem child can timely report the situation to them,Even the kindergarten children also have the right to the use of such a telephone.

　　在日本，幼儿园和学校一般都有家长委员会参与学校的活动和管理。

In Japan,Kindergarten and school usually have parents committee to participate in school activities and management.