有人很不理解我为什么有时会忍不住批评人大附中，甚至猜测有什么私怨。其实我与人大附中没有任何“过节”，与重点学校也没有深仇大恨。我本人毕业于上海市上海中学，也是一所著名的重点学校。

Someone is not understand why I sometimes can't help but criticism National People's Congress attached middle school,Even guess what SiYuan.Actually, I don't have any affiliated with the National People's Congress"The feast",And the key school also have no deadliness.I graduated from Shanghai Shanghai middle school,Is also a famous key school.

　　作为一名教育公共政策、教育公平的研究者，我除了关注农村教育、农民工子弟教育，也关注大城市义务教育阶段炽烈的择校竞争，奥数培训、应试教育等乱象，这些公众最不满意的教育问题，也是国家促进义务教育均衡发展整治解决的重点问题。因此，就不能不关注人大附中了。人大附中的辉煌业绩众所周知，每年的“北清率”是其他名校的数倍，今年约160名左右。但在大约十年前，人大附中与其它名校还是平起平坐的，“北清率”远低于北京四中。人大附中崛起的“秘密”是什么呢？

As a education public policy/Education fair researchers,I in addition to focus on rural education/Education of migrant workers,Also pay attention to big cities obligation education stage fiery school competition,Aoshu training/Exam-oriented education and the mess,These public least satisfactory education problems,It is also the national compulsory education to promote the balanced development of regulation to solve key problems.therefore,It must pay attention to the school of National People's Congress.The National People's Congress with brilliant performance as is known to all,Every year"North clear rate"Other school several times,This year about 160 or so.But in about ten years ago,National People's Congress attached middle school and other schools or the same status in her acting career,"North clear rate"Far below Beijing 4.The rise of National People's Congress attached middle school"secret"? What is?

　　90年代末，为了维护义务教育的正常秩序，教育部要求示范性高中必须与初中脱钩。人大附中和另外5所高中以进行教育实验之需，申请保留初中部。这便成为“噩梦”的开始。人大附中创办仁华学校，率先举办面向小学生的奥数培训，从小学三年级开始，每周考试排名，一轮轮淘汰，为初中选拔高分学生。这一“教育模式”为其余名校效仿，小学生奥数培训、“占坑班”、择校费等等逐渐火爆，从海淀走向北京，从北京走向全国，人大附中的作用功不可没。

At the end of the 90 s,In order to maintain the normal order of the compulsory education,The ministry of education requirement model high school must and junior high school trip.National People's Congress attached middle school and other five high school for education experiment need,Apply to keep ChuZhongBu.This will become"nightmare"start.National People's Congress was affiliated RenHua school,Take the lead in the mathematical olympiad held for elementary training,Start from the primary school is grade three,Weekly exam ranking,Round wheel selection,For junior high school students select high marks.this"Education mode"For the rest of the school to follow,Pupils aoshu training/"Accounted for pit class"/ZeJiaoFei etc gradually popular,From haidian to Beijing,From Beijing to national,The role of National People's Congress attached contribution.

　　今天，上海、江苏、浙江等绝大多数地方，仍然遵守示范性高中不得举办初中的规定，并作为评价示范性高中的前提条件。而北京大多数重点高中，包括四中、八中，为了能够与人大附中“公平竞争”，纷纷恢复已经取消的初中，从而在义务教育的初中阶段形成一批重点学校。这就是为什么北京市的小升初竞争特别激烈的制度原因。

today,Shanghai/jiangsu/Zhejiang, the majority of the country,Still keep model high school shall not hold the provisions of junior high school,And as evaluation model high school premise condition.And the Beijing most of the key high school,Including 4/BaZhong,In order to be able to school and people's congress"Fair competition",The junior high school in succession recovery has been cancelled,Thus in the compulsory education of the junior middle school stage to form a number of key schools.This is why Beijing's another special competition fierce system reason.

　　评价一所学校的价值、功能，首先需要区别义务教育和非义务教育。因为义务教育是用国家财政举办的保障性的基本公共服务，是非选拔性、非淘汰性、非竞争性、必须一视同仁的教育。人大附中如果仅仅是高中，它或许可以算是一所优秀学校。但是它同时举办初中，初中入学又是高度选拔性的，违反了《义务教育法》的规定。它作为公办学校的合法性应当如何体现？

Evaluation of the value of a school/function,First of all need to difference between education and obligation is not compulsory education.Because the compulsory education is to use national finance at the indemnificatory basic public services,Are selected/Non TaoTaiXing/noncompetitive/Must equal education.National People's Congress attached middle school if is only high school,It may be a good schools.But it also host the junior middle school,Junior high school entrance is highly selected the,Violates the[Compulsory education]regulations.It as the legitimacy of public school should be how to reflect?

　　推而广之，人大附中是一类学校的缩影。任何一个地区，集中资源打造一二所金光灿灿的“牛校”都并非难事，这种巨无霸式的“超级中学”正在成为令人担忧的现象。这些重点学校之所以不太令人尊重，因为其“做大做强”是靠特殊政策“掐尖”，将本地所有优秀教师和高分学生全部纳入彀中，用优秀学生为自己贴金。将“群雄竞起”变为“一枝独秀”，“竖起一个杆，倒掉一大片”，这样的成功往往是以破坏一地的教育生态、损害学生整体的教育利益为代价的，一些地方已经出现了“县中沦陷”的现象。北京的名校还有一个最缺德之处，就是它已经占尽了各种优势，还要到处去挖外省的特级教师、高级教师。人家培养一个优秀教师容易吗？这难道不是不择手段的损人利己、不是在继续扩大教育差距？这样的学校这样的做法，其示范性、公益性究竟何在？

Apply broadly,National People's Congress attached middle school is a kind of the epitome of the school.Any one area,Focus resources make two gold by himself"Cow school"Are is not a very difficult task,The big MAC type"Super high school"Is becoming a worrying phenomenon.These key school is not a respect,Because of its"Bigger and stronger"By special policies"QiaJian",Will the local all outstanding teachers and the students were all high marks in shooting range,With excellent students for their gold.will"Every race up"into"Outshine others","Prick up a rod,Outwell a large",This success is often destroyed a land ecological education/Damage students overall education interests as the price,Some places have already appeared"County fall in"phenomenon.Beijing school of one of the most wicked place,Is it has accounted for all the various advantages,Everywhere even dig provincial super teacher/Senior teacher.The somebody else cultivate a good teacher easily?Isn't it by hook or by crook of the Roman holiday/Not in continue to expand the education gap?This school of such a practice,The demonstration/What is public welfare?

　　因此，单独成就一所学校的辉煌，其意义是有限的。记得几年前在我们举行的一次研讨会上，刘彭芝校长介绍人大附中的成就，说学校开设十多门外语，包括西班牙语、意大利语等。在座的普通学校、农村学校校长忍不住了，说我们连一门英语都开不全，这并不说明你教育办得特别好，只不过说明你特别有钱。如果我有那么多钱，也可以开13门外语。刘校长显然不能理解这种批评的价值，委屈流泪，说我把学校办好还成反革命了。

therefore,Individual achievement a school's brilliant,Its significance is limited.Remember a few years ago when we held a conference,LiuPengZhi President introduced the achievement with National People's Congress,That school set up more than ten foreign language,Including Spanish/Italian.Our ordinary school/The rural school principal could not bear it,Say we even a door open English not complete,This doesn't mean you education do it very well,Just explain you special rich.If I have so much money,Can also open and foreign language.LiuJiaoChang obviously can't understand the value of the criticism,Wronged tears,The school said I do good to return into the counter-revolution.

　　人大附中仍然有机会超越“牛校”，而成为一所真正令人尊敬的学校。它需要超越只计较一校之得失的狭隘的校际竞争，具有更大的胸怀、关怀和社会责任。其前提，首先是依法办学。

National People's Congress attached middle school still have an opportunity to ascend beyond the"Cow school",To become a real respected school.It requires only a school beyond dispute the gain and loss of the narrow inter-school competition,Have a great mind/Care and social responsibility.The premise,The first is running in accordance with law.

　　人大附中的初中，是否应当遵守《义务教育法》的规定，实行免费、免试、就近入学？能否公布就近入学学生的比例？退一步说，可以开展创新人才培养的试点和超前选拔，而天资聪慧的儿童在不同阶层的分布应当是大致相同的。人大附中能否公开生源的家庭背景和阶层分布，看其是否符合公办学校保障教育公平的价值，能否回应社会关于“权贵化”的质疑？

National People's Congress in the junior middle school attached,Whether they should abide by the[Compulsory education]regulations,For free/An exemption/Came near to the entrance?Whether the proportion of released nearby enter a school students?Step back and said,Can carry on the innovative talent cultivation of pilot and advance selection,Talent and intelligence of children in different strata distribution should be roughly the same.National People's Congress attached middle school students can open the family background and strata distribution,See its compliance with public school security education fair value,Can respond to the public about"Crony change"questions?

　　人大附中声称没有收取过捐资助学费。我们的好奇心在于，它巨额的教育成本、超高的教师待遇是如何实现的，难道是来自政府或大学的超常投资？为什么其他的学校开不出13门外语？作为一所公办学校，其财务状况能否公开并接受社会检验？

People say that no school charge over donated tuition funding.Our curiosity is,It huge education cost/Ultra high teacher treatment is how to achieve,Is it from the government or university supernormal investment?Why do the other school could not open and foreign language?As a public school,Its financial status can be open and accept social inspection?

　　还有，作为公办的示范性高中，人大附中能否率先执行《教育规划纲要》提出的将部分招生名额下放至普通初中（教育部要求是不低于30%），以及开展教师交流的要求？

and,As a public demonstration senior high school,National People's Congress attached middle school can take the lead in execution[Education plan for]The proposed part of student enrollment down to the ordinary junior middle school(The ministry of education requirement is not less than 30%),And to carry out the requirements of teachers' communication?

　　放眼望去，国内许多重点学校已经走出了校际竞争、应试教育的狭窄轨道，最近的例子是杭州、成都的重点学校，在促进义务教育均衡发展、促进教育公平和教育创新的大局中履行职责，发挥作用。北京的重点学校也需要这样的转型和变革。

look,The domestic many key school has gone out of the inter-school competition/Exam-oriented education narrow track,Recent example is hangzhou/The key school of chengdu,In promoting the balanced development of compulsory education/To promote the education fairness and education innovation in the overall situation of perform their functions and duties,Play a role.Beijing's key school also need such transformation and change.