自2011年10月中央政府正式实施“农村义务教育学生营养改善计划”（以下简称“营养改善计划”），拨款160亿元用于解决2600万贫困地区学生“吃”的经费以后，学校的厨房建设便成了进一步落实学生营养餐亟须解决的问题。

Since October 2011 formal implementation of the central government"Rural compulsory education students nutrition improvement plan"(Hereinafter referred to as"Nutrition improvement plan"),Grant of $16 billion for 26 million students to solve the poor areas"eat"Funds after,The kitchen of school construction became further implement its students be solved problems.

　　如何解决学生营养餐“有米无锅”的问题？10月28日，来自教育部、卫生部的官员、民间公益机构的代表、营养专家及教育界人士来到北京的福建大厦，共同为解决“农村义务教育学校厨房建设”的问题献计献策。

How to solve its students"Rice no pot"problems?On October 28,From the ministry of education/Health department officials/Folk public welfare organization representative/Nutrition experts and educators came to Beijing fujian building,Common to solve"The construction of rural compulsory education school kitchen"Problems of zhenhai.

699个试点县的学校传来好消息 699 ShiDianXian school spread the good news

　　第一个发言的教育部财务司义务教育经费保障处处长周为一开始便为大家带来了好消息：国家正在进行的“营养改善计划”目前进展非常顺利，699个试点县的所有学校现已全部开设了学生营养餐。

The first to speak the ministry of education account division obligation education funds safeguard marshal weeks for a start to bring us the good news:The country is"Nutrition improvement plan"Current progress very well,699 ShiDianXian all school has now opened all its students.

　　她用数字进一步证实说，全国学生营养办有个每月进度报表，是由各县直接报上来的。今年秋季开学之前，699个试点学生营养餐的县，覆盖率已达到95%以上。当时报表的时间是8月15日，“我相信到了10月份，学校覆盖率应该是百分之百。”

She used digital further confirmed,National student nutrition do have a monthly progress report,Is by the counties directly up to.This year before the autumn,699 pilot students nutrient food county,Coverage rate reached more than 95%.At that time report time is August 15,,"I believe in October,School coverage should be one hundred percent."

　　中国发展研究基金会“贫困地区寄宿制学校儿童营养改善项目组”项目官员于明潇，在对项目进行跟踪调研的过程中，发现在短短的时间内，农村学校供餐机制得到了明显改善。她说，实施“营养改善计划”以来，在中央和各级政府的共同努力下，新建了很多学校食堂。以贵州省为例，省政府一次性投入6亿元，建立了1万个农村中小学食堂，基本实现了校校有食堂，人人吃午餐。作为营养餐项目试点的宁夏，政府投入4亿元专项资金改建学校食堂，添置厨房设备和用具，保证所有的农村学生能吃上放心的营养餐。

The China development research foundation"Poor area residential school children's nutrition improvement project team"Project officials YuMingXiao,In the project in the process of tracing investigation,Found in the in a short time,The rural school feeding mechanism has been improved obviously.She said,implementation"Nutrition improvement plan"since,In the central committee and all levels of the government's efforts,Because many school dining room.In guizhou province as an example,The provincial government one-time investment 600 million yuan,Set up 10000 rural primary and secondary school canteen,Basically achieved JiaoJiao has a dining room,Everyone eat lunch.As nutrient food project pilot ningxia,The government spent 400 million yuan special funds rebuilding the school canteen,Acquire the kitchen equipment and appliance,Ensure that all rural students can eat trust of nutrient food.

　　今年7月，教育部联合16个部委，对22个省（区）“营养改善计划”的实施情况进行了普查，发现开局很好，进展迅速。世界银行、联合国世界粮食计划署的专家深入青海、广西等地进行考察后认为，中国“营养改善计划”在短时间内准确地覆盖了数量如此之大的弱势儿童，充分证明了中国政府的高效率。

July,The ministry of education combined 16 ministries and commissions,On 22 provinces(area)"Nutrition improvement plan"The implementation of the census,Found that started out well,Progress rapidly.The world bank/The United Nations world food program experts into qinghai/Guangxi investigation that after,China"Nutrition improvement plan"In a short time accurately covered the number so large disadvantaged children,Fully demonstrated the Chinese government's high efficiency.

让孩子吃上热呼呼的“正餐”是件正事儿 Let the children eat on the warm"dinner"Is a positive thing

　　“营养改善计划”所覆盖的学校基本属于西部贫困地区，那里交通不便，加上我国正处于社会转型的特殊阶段，农村大量留守儿童的主要生活空间基本在学校，因而让孩子至少吃上一顿像样的正餐，是必须的，也是必要的。

"Nutrition improvement plan"The school covered basic belong to the poor areas in the western region,There traffic inconvenience,With our country is in the social transformation of the special stage,A large number of rural left-behind children main life space basic in the school,So let the children at least eat a meal a decent meal,Is a must,Is also necessary.

　　在最近召开的“第三届反贫困与儿童发展国际研讨会”上，全国学生营养办副主任、教育部财务司副司长田祖荫介绍“营养改善计划”时说，目前全国农村地区学校基本上有三个供餐模式：学校供餐、企业供餐和家庭或个人托餐。据统计，53%的试点学校采用了学校食堂供餐。在先行一步的宁夏，选择食堂供餐的学校占到了91.4%,企业供餐和农户托餐的学校各占4.3%。

In the recently convened"The third against poverty and child development international seminar"on,National student nutrition to do vice director/The ministry of education account division deputy director general heritage that must never be field is introduced"Nutrition improvement plan"said,At present the national rural school there are basically three meals mode:School feeding/Enterprise for food and family or personal Joe meal.According to the statistics,53% of the pilot schools use the school canteen meals.In the first step of ningxia,Choose the school canteen meals accounted for 91.4%,Enterprise for meal and farmers "meal school each accounted for 4.3%.

　　来自试点学校的经验表明：实施以学校为平台的统一供餐，这样做的好处是既便于学校的统一管理，又可以相对控制和保障食品安全，可以说是最符合当今中国国情的供餐方式。

From the pilot school experience shows that:To realize the unity of the school as a platform for meal,The advantage of this is convenient for unified management of the school,And relative control and guarantee food security,Can be said to be the most accord with the situation of China today for meal way.

　　然而，已经起步的“营养改善计划”遇到的一个实际难题是：许多学校在做“学生营养餐”时却是“有米无锅”。记者今年曾随“九阳希望厨房”、“春苗营养厨房”援助计划的工作人员到广西的马山、湖北的丹江口进行过实地考察，发现当地一些未经改造的农村学校食堂，做熟一顿饭需要三四个小时。

however,Has started"Nutrition improvement plan"With a practical problem is:Many schools in do"Its students"Is when"Rice no pot".Reporters have this year with"JiuYang hope the kitchen"/"ChunMiao nutrition kitchen"Aid program staff to guangxi's masan/Hubei danjiangkou of a field survey,Found that some local without reform of rural school dining room,Cooked a meal need three or four hours.

　　情况还不仅如此。于明潇在作“我国贫困地区农村学校厨房现状”的报告时指出，农村学校普遍存在的主要困难是：没有食堂，学生没有就餐地点、厨房的基础设施简陋、设备不适用、部分地区饮水困难、食堂工作人员的工资待遇没有保证。

Had not only that.YuMingXiao in"Poor rural areas in our country school kitchen status"The report pointed out,Rural schools generally existing main difficulty is:Do not have a dining room,Students have no dining place/The kitchen infrastructure humble/Equipment does not apply/Parts of the drinking water difficulties/The dining room staff salary is no guarantee.

齐心协力解决“有米无锅”难题 Concerted effort to solve"Rice no pot"problem

　　“营养改善计划”可以说是一个最能团结社会各界、实现多赢的社会公益项目。它的开放性，吸引了政府、企业、社会公益组织乃至个人，共同为改善农村学校厨房的建设出力。

"Nutrition improvement plan"Can be said to be one of the most can unite the social from all walks of life/Achieve win-win public welfare projects.The opening,Attracted the government/enterprise/Social welfare organization and individual,Common to improve the construction of rural school kitchen output.

　　周为处长在介绍“政府推进农村学校厨房建设”进程情况时说，目前政府按3年300个亿的专项计划安排落实，争取到2013年实现所有的农村学校都有一个食堂的目标。国家以往实施的一系列关于农村学校的建设项目，其中都包括食堂建设的资金。虽然她认为，民间流传甚广的“有米无锅”的说法“不够准确和全面”，但她也承认，将农村学校食堂建设好还需要一个过程。

Weeks for director in this paper"Government to promote rural school kitchen construction"Said, in the process,The government according to 3 years 300 special plan implementation,Strive for to 2013 implement all of the rural school have a dining room goal.National implementation of the past a series of rural school about the construction of the project,Among them include dining room construction funds.Although she think,The folk spread extensively"Rice no pot"that"Not enough accurate and comprehensive",But she also acknowledged that,The rural school dining room construction good also need a process.

　　许多公益组织成为推动“营养改善计划”最热情、最有活力的力量。九阳公司与中国青少年基金会联合推出的“九阳希望厨房”已建成600个希望厨房。安利公益基金会与中国关心下一代工作委员会在已建成300个“春苗营养厨房”的基础上，开始实施二期计划，今年又将有400个“春苗营养厨房”落地。据不完全统计，包括希望厨房、桂馨厨房、春苗厨房、幸福厨房、免费午餐等公益项目在内，全国已有上千所农村贫困学校因此受益。

Many nonprofit organization to promote"Nutrition improvement plan"The most enthusiasm/The most dynamic power.JiuYang company and China youth foundation jointly launched"JiuYang hope the kitchen"Has been built 600 hope the kitchen.Amway public welfare foundation and Chinese concerns about the next generation of working committee has been built in 300"ChunMiao nutrition kitchen"Based on,Start the construction of the second phase of the project,And this year there will be 400"ChunMiao nutrition kitchen"landing.According to incomplete statistics,Including hope the kitchen/GuiXin kitchen/ChunMiao kitchen/Happiness kitchen/Free lunch, etc, public welfare projects,The country had been thousands of rural poverty school benefit.

　　要将一所学校的厨房真正建设好，并非一件容易的事。“九阳希望厨房”技术总监王运波针对农村地区学校厨房建设，提出7项建议：1.引进市场竞争，实现集中采购统一配送；2.专业评估设备的实用性、节能性；3.多重安全保护措施；4.设备辅件不能掉以轻心；5.规范安装不能马虎；6.减少中间环节不增加物流费用；7.边整改边整合，逐步标准化等。

One school kitchen real construction well,Is not an easy thing."JiuYang hope the kitchen"Technical director WangYunBo in rural areas school kitchen construction,Puts forward seven Suggestions:1. Introduce market competition,To realize centralized purchasing uniform distribution;2. Professional evaluation equipment practicability/Energy conservation;3. Multiple safety protection measures;4. Equipment accessaries cannot treat STH lightly;5. Standard installation cannot careless;6. The decrease of the intermediate links don't increase the logistics cost;7. Edge rectification edge integration,Gradually standardized, etc.

　　中国疾病预防控制中心营养与食品安全所副所长马冠生除了做主题发言外，还主持了一场热烈的讨论：“如何发挥各方力量改善农村学校厨房条件”。知名记者、免费午餐公益项目的发起人邓飞强调学生的营养餐要真正落地没有捷径可走，学校供餐体系的建立与完善必须从一个厨房、一口锅这样的基础设施建设抓起。

China's centers for disease control and prevention nutrition and food security deputy director MaGuanSheng besides do a theme speech outside,Also presided over a heated discussion:"How to play power parties to improve rural school kitchen conditions".Famous reporter/Free lunch public welfare project sponsors DengFei emphasis on students' nutrient food to really be born is no shortcut,School feeding system establishment and the consummation must be from a kitchen/One of the POTS such infrastructure construction grabbed.

　　此次研讨会由中国青少年发展基金会、中国疾控中心营养与食品安全所主办，九阳希望基金承办， 21世纪教育研究院协办。作者：谢湘

This seminar by the China youth development foundation/The Chinese CDC nutrition and food security host,JiuYang hope fund undertaking, The 21st century education institute assisted.The author:XieXiang