中学生体质堪忧再敲警钟 Middle school students is constitution to ring the alarm

“每天锻炼一小时”就这么难吗？ "Take exercise an hour every day"Is it so hard??

　　75256名高中生参加体检，完全合格的只有10080人，仅占13.39%。近日，北京市体检中心发布的《2011年度北京市体检统计资料报告》中，这组关于高中生的数据再次敲响了中学生体质健康的警钟。报告显示，近九成不合格的学生中，除了视力不足、超重等“老大难”问题外，脊柱侧弯、高血压等问题也逐渐显现。

75256 high school students to take part in physical examination,Fully qualified only 10080 people,Only 13.39%.recently,Beijing medical center released[2011 annual Beijing medical statistics report]in,This group of data about high school students once again sounded the alarm of the middle school students physical health.The report shows that,Nearly ninety percent of the students in the unqualified,In addition to lack of vision/Overweight, etc"much"The problem,scoliosis/Problems such as high blood pressure also gradually revealed.

　　中学生体质不良引发的问题已在大学显现，最引人注目的是近日西安30多所高校取消长跑，上海一些高校的秋季运动会上没有了女子3000米和男子5000米两个长跑项目，虽然理由是为了避免发生意外“受伤”，但明显也是适应当下学生的体质状况。一些大学生的行为更是出格，学校强制“刷卡锻炼”，他们却只刷卡不锻炼，还有人竟在体能测试时出钱雇人代跑。

Middle school students physical bad cause problems has already appeared in the university,Most notable is the xian has more than 30 universities cancel long distance running,Shanghai of some college autumn sports meeting not the women's 3000 meters and the men's 5000 m two long project,Although the reason is that in order to avoid the accident"injury",But obviously also adapt to the students' physical conditions.Some college students' behavior is outrageous,Compulsory school"Charge exercise",But they only charge don't exercise,Others have in the physical test pay hire more people and run.

　　值得注意的是，就在北京市的体检报告发布前半个月，教育部等四部委刚刚联合发出《关于进一步加强学校体育工作的若干意见》，强调学校体育的重要性，并指出要“积极探索在高中学业水平考试中增加体育科目的做法”。

It is important to note that,In Beijing's physical examination report issued the first half a month,The ministry of education and other four ministries and commissions just a joint[On further strengthening school sports work certain opinions],Emphasize the importance of school physical education,And points out that we should"Active exploration in the high school level exam increase the practice of sports course".

　　中学生体质堪忧与国家政策的尴尬对比，不禁令人反思：“阳光体育”已经实施五年，“每天锻炼一小时”的“阳光”为何依旧未能普照？

Middle school students constitution scores and national policy embarrassing contrast,Can't help a reflection:"Sunshine sports"Five years has been carried out,"Take exercise an hour every day"of"The sun"Why still failed to shine?

现状：时间不够用 锻炼不主动 status:I have not enough time to use exercise not active

　　小丹是知春里中学九年级的学生，每天写完作业已是晚上9点多，课间操和每周3-4节的体育课是她仅有的锻炼时间。偶尔，妈妈想带小丹外出跑步锻炼，小丹反而不愿意，“太累，想歇会儿”。

XiaoDan is ZhiChunLi middle school students in grade nine,Every day after finishing the homework is already more than 9 o 'clock at night,Exercise between classes and every week 3-4 section of the physical education is her only exercise time.occasionally,Mother want to take XiaoDan go out running exercise,XiaoDan but don't want to,"Too tired,Want to have a rest".

　　小丹的情况不是个案。上课、作业、补习班等占据了中学生的大部分时间，体育课和课间操之外，他们很少有空闲时间参加体育锻炼。“平均每天能锻炼半个小时就不错了。”李女士的儿子在北京十三中分校读初一，她告诉记者：“孩子偶尔闲下来，还想休息一下，上个网、打个游戏，对运动并不是很热衷。”

XiaoDan situation is not the case.class/homework/Cram school and middle school students occupied most of the time,Physical education and exercise between classes outside,They seldom have free time for physical exercise."On an average day can exercise the half an hour is good."Ms. Li's son in Beijing at the first ten third reading,She told reporters:"Child occasionally idle down,Still want to have a rest,Last net/Play a game,The movement and not very keen."

　　2011年，教育部的一项调查显示：全国只有22%的小学、初中和13%的高中能够保证学生每天一小时的校园体育活动。

In 2011,,A survey by the ministry of education:The national only 22% of elementary schools/Middle schools and 13% of high school students can make sure that every one hour campus sports activities.

　　“一方面，学校的锻炼时间无法保证；另一方面，许多中学生自主锻炼的意识也不强，而体育运动应该有一个积极主动的态度。”青少年问题专家、中国青少年研究中心副主任孙云晓说，正因为如此，他对于北京市体检中心的报告数据并不感到惊讶，他认为“这是一个必然的结果”，因为“我们的中学生长期以来睡眠不足、缺乏锻炼，又饮食营养不均衡”。中国青少年研究中心的跟踪调查显示，十年前近半数中学生睡眠不足，十年后这个数字已经达到近八成。

"On the one hand,The school exercise time cannot be guaranteed;On the other hand,Many high school students independent exercise awareness is not strong,And sports should have a positive attitude."Teenagers experts/China youth research center deputy director SunYunXiao said,Because of this,He is medical center of Beijing report data is not a surprise,He thinks"This is an inevitable result",because"Our middle school students lack of sleep for a long time/Lack of exercise,And dietary nutrition disequilibrium".China youth research center tracking survey,A decade ago almost half middle school students lack of sleep,After ten years the number has reached nearly eighty percent.

困境：升学压力大 政策“落地”难 dilemma:Big policy pressures upon their schoolwork"landing"difficult

　　事实上，为了扭转一些地方和学校片面追求升学率、忽视体育锻炼的现象，教育部自上世纪90年代末就接连下发文件，要求各地把初中升学体育考试记入升学总分。2002年，教育部、国家体育总局联合下发了《学生体质健康标准(试行方案)》。2007年，《学生体质健康标准》正式发布，并开始在全国开展亿万学生阳光体育运动。五年已过，如今政策“落地”情况依然不容乐观。

In fact,In order to reverse some local and school one-sided pursuit of graduation rates/Ignore the phenomenon of physical exercise,The ministry of education since the 1990 s after it issued documents,Requires all junior high school entrance examination of sports in the entrance to the total score.In 2002,,The ministry of education/State general administration of sport jointly issued the[Student physique healthy standard(Trial implementation scheme)].In 2007,,[Student physique healthy standard]Issued a formal,In the country and started to carry out hundreds of millions of students sunshine sports movement.Five years has passed,Now policy"landing"Is still not optimistic.

　　“无法保证锻炼时间，还是为了升学。”河南省郑州市第七中学的平老师说。

"Cannot assure exercise time,Or for studies."The seventh middle school of zhengzhou city, henan province, the square of the teacher said.

　　自2005年开始，由中国青少年研究中心、日本青少年研究所、韩国青少年开发院及美国艾迪资源系统公司共同开展的每年一次的“中日韩美高中生调查”发现，和其他三国相比，中国高中生的学习压力始终排在首位。与此相应，中国高中生利用课余时间参加学习类课外活动小组的比例在四国中最高，参加体育类课外活动的比例则最低。

Since 2005,The China youth research centre/Japanese youth research institute/Korean teenager developing institute and the United States eddy resources system of the joint development of once a year"Japan and South Korea in the American high school students survey"found,And other than The Three Kingdoms,China's high school students learning pressure is always row in the first place.Corresponding to this,China's high school students use their spare time without them to participate in extracurricular activities group in the highest proportion of four,To participate in sports class the proportion of extracurricular activities is the lowest.

　　学习压力对体育锻炼时间的“侵蚀”在农村地区表现得更为严重。

The pressure of study on physical exercise time"erosion"In rural areas were much more serious.

　　家在郑州某郊县的杨宝杰有一个读高二的女儿。女儿所在的学校是寄宿制，有一次，他到学校看女儿，下午4点钟正是体育课时间，映入眼帘的情景让他开始担心女儿的体质：大部分男生在玩篮球、乒乓球，女生们却三五成群，或聚在一起聊天，或围着操场散步，有的甚至跑到学校的小商店买东西，还有人偷偷返回教室做练习题。“这样看来只有每天的强制性早操还能锻炼一下，长期下去，身体肯定吃不消。”杨宝杰不无担忧地说。

A home is in zhengzhou suburban county of YangBaoJie have a read the daughter of senior high school.Daughter school is residential,once,He went to school to see his daughter,At 4 o 'clock it is physical education time,Greet scenarios let he began to worry about the health of the daughter:Most of the boys playing basketball/Table tennis,The girls are in knots,Or come together to chat,Or take a walk around the playground,Some even run to school of small shops to buy things,Others secretly return to the classroom do exercises."So it seems that the only daily mandatory morning exercise can also exercise,Go down for a long time,The body must be unable to stand."YangBaoJie not worry to say.

　　对此，学校也很无奈。以农村学生为主的郊县中学，财政投入、硬件设施、师资力量等都不如城市中学，有限的篮球场、乒乓球台、单双杠是学校仅有的体育设备，同时，学生面临的升学压力比城市更大，考上大学被很多农村家庭看作“跳出农门”的唯一途径。一位校长很无奈地说：“我们也想搞素质教育，培养全面发展的学生，但心有余而力不足，没办法。”

this,The school is also very helpless.To the countryside student primarily suburban county middle school,Financial investment/Hardware facilities/Teachers, etc all not equal to city middle school,Limited basketball court/Table tennis/Horizontal bar & parallel bars is the school only sports equipment,At the same time,Students face the pressures upon their schoolwork more than the city,Pass the college entrance examination by many rural family as"Jump out of NongMen"Only way.A principal very reluctantly said:"We also want to make quality education,To cultivate the overall abilities of the students,But the spirit is willing, but the flesh is weak,Can't."

出路：教育评价体系是根本问题 way:Education evaluation system is the fundamental problem

　　此次国家提出“在高中学业水平考试中增加体育科目”的探索方向，仍然是针对体育锻炼得不到保证的困境。有人担心此举是否会引发新的“体育应试”，反而进一步加重中学生的负担。对此，21世纪研究院副院长熊丙奇认为，从目前的实际情况来看，学业水平测试成绩对于高考录取基本不派什么用场，“但是，这种方式，却可以一定程度上摆脱应试的功利思想，如果操作得当，将改变学校体育被边缘的现象”。不过，他也指出“在我国当前的高考体系下，要彻底改变学校体育教育的现状，还必须按照《国家中长期教育改革和发展规划纲要》的精神进一步深入推进高考制度改革”。

The country put forward"In the high school level exam increase sports course"Exploration direction,Still is for physical exercise is not guaranteed dilemma.Some people worry that the move will cause new"Physical examination",But further aggravate the burden of the middle school students.this,The 21st century, vice President of the institute XiongBingJi think,From the present actual situation,Academic level test scores for college entrance examination admission basic don't send what to use,"but,This way,Can a certain extent get rid of examination-oriented utilitarian thoughts,If proper operation,School physical education will change by the edge of the phenomenon".but,He also pointed out that"In our country the current college entrance examination system,To change the present situation of school sports education,Also must, in accordance with[National medium and long-term education reform and development plan outline]Further promote the spirit of the college entrance examination system reform".

　　在孙云晓看来，探索在高中学业水平考试中增加体育科目，肯定会有一定的激励作用，但并不是最好的办法，只能算是“无奈之举”。“最根本、最核心的问题是教育评价体系的改变，也就是说什么样的学生是好学生，什么样的学生是更有前途的。我认为应该把身体健康作为评价学生的第一标准，身体好是教育的起点。”

In SunYunXiao seems,To explore in the high school level exam increase sports course,Sure there will be a certain incentive effect,But it is not the best way,Can be"Zoology-designing changing"."The most fundamental/The core problem is education evaluation system change,That is what kind of students is a good student,What kind of students is more promising.I think we should put health as the evaluation of students' first standard,Health is the starting point of education."

　　之所以如此看重身体健康，是因为孙云晓对运动有自己独特的认识：“运动从来就不仅仅只是增强体质的方法，而是青少年社会化最有效的途径。运动可以培养青少年的团队合作精神、责任感、荣誉感以及规则意识，更能锻炼顽强的意志。从这个意义讲，运动实际上是塑造人格的重要途径，运动第一也就是人格第一，我认为我们国家目前对体育运动的重视还不够。”本报通讯员 杨丽娟 本报记者 王庆环

The reason for this value health,SunYunXiao because the movement has its own unique understanding:"Sports have not only enhanced physique method,But the most effective way to adolescent socialization.Sports can cultivate youth team cooperation spirit/responsibility/Sense of honor and consciousness of rules,More can exercise the indomitable will.Tell from this meaning,Movement is in fact an important way of shaping personality,The first movement is also the personality first,I think our country at present to sports attention is not enough."Our newspaper reporter YangLiJuan our reporter WangQingHuan