本报讯人们习以为常的“白纸黑字”，可能会导致近视，并非最佳印刷模式。昨天，北京第二实验小学五年级学生李亦农根据自己的调查，提出了这一大胆的观点。

Report from our correspondent people habitual"In black and white",May lead to myopia,Is not the best printing mode.yesterday,Beijing second experimental primary school year 5 students LiYiNong according to their investigation,Puts forward the bold ideas.

　　李亦农在日常学习中发现，每当他目不转睛看一段时间课本后，总情不自禁地想揉眼睛，甚至觉得白底黑字的课本有些刺眼，抬头看看窗外的树、花、天空，才会觉得眼睛轻松一些。“这是怎么回事？”李亦农心中打起了问号。

LiYiNong in daily study found,Whenever he all eyes see a period of time after the textbooks,Always can't help thinking of rubbing their eyes,Even think a white background with black text books some dazzling,Look at the tree outside the window/flower/The sky,To feel relaxed some eyes."This is how to return a responsibility?"LiYiNong heart dozen have a question mark.

　　今年5月起，李亦农为解决这个“问号”，开始了一系列调查。暑假中，他用一周时间，每天“泡”在国家图书馆里，查阅了《视疲劳病因研究》、《保护眼睛预防近视》、《改善视觉环境防治近视》、《防近视课本纸颜色的研究》等多篇资料。

In may this year up,LiYiNong to solve this"Question mark",Start a series of investigation.In the summer vacation,He used a week,Every day"bubble"In the national library,Refer to the[Visual fatigue etiology research]/[Protect your eyes prevent myopia]/[Improve visual environment control myopia]/[Prevent myopia text paper color research]And many other articles material.

　　据了解，在正常情况下，人的眼睛通过瞳孔的调节作用，对一定范围内的光辐射都能适应。人眼视网膜中的锥体细胞和杆体细胞分别在明视觉和暗视觉条件下起作用，其中只有锥体细胞有分辨颜色的作用。由于人们日常读写在明视觉条件下进行，因此光照强度及物体颜色度对人眼接受信息都有重要作用。如果光辐射强度频繁变化，就会导致眼睛瞳孔随之伸缩调整而引起视觉疲劳。

It is understood,In normal circumstances,The eyes of the one through the pupil to adjust action,To a certain range of optical radiation can adapt to.The human eye retinal cone cells and stem cells respectively in Ming visual and dark visual conditions play a role,Of which only pyramidal cells have resolution color effect.Because people daily reading and writing in the bright visual conditions,Therefore illumination intensity and object color degree to the human eye to accept the information has an important role.If ray radiation intensity the frequent change,Can cause eye pupil then adjustable adjust and cause visual fatigue.

　　李亦农认为，白纸将白色光几乎全部反射到视网膜中，造成锥体细胞受阻，引起最弱的色觉感和最强的全频光感，使眼睛处于疲劳状态。由于色觉功能受到抑制，视觉效率会下降，阅读者出于本能会将书刊拉近，努力睁大眼睛，以增加光反射的摄入量。这样，眼睛受到全频光更强的刺激，而眼睫状肌也被迫处于收缩状态，眼睛特别容易疲劳，时间长了就会形成功能调节性近视，对人眼造成损害。“白纸黑字看起来固然清楚，但时间一长眼睛容易疲劳。同时，由于注意力高度集中，眨眼次数大大降低，使眼角膜干涩引起眼痛充血等眼科疾病。”

LiYiNong think,White paper will almost all the same reflection to the retina,Cause pyramidal cells hindered,Cause the most weak color feeling and the strongest full frequency light sensors,Make the eye in fatigue state.Due to the color function is restrained,Visual efficiency will decline,Readers will close the instinct of books,Efforts to open your eyes,In order to increase the light reflection intake.this,Eyes are full frequency light more stimulus,And eye ciliary muscle were in the state of contraction,Eyes are particularly fatigue,In the long run it will form function accommodative myopia,The human eye damage."Black and white look is clear,But a long time, the eye fatigue.At the same time,Due to the highly centralized attention,Blink frequency greatly reduced,Make corneal dry cause sore eyes congestion and eye disease."

　　为验证自己的发现，李亦农用了将近一个月时间，跑到元大都遗址公园、鸟巢、丝竹园小区、北沙滩社区、宣武艺园等公园和社区，让路人填写自己设计的调查问卷。他还把调查问卷发到网上，进行网络调查。共有百余人参与了调查。李亦农让大家从红、黄、绿、白、紫、青六种颜色中，选出看着最舒服的底色。实地调查和网络调查中，选择绿色的人最多，分别占44%和49%；而选择传统的“白纸黑字”的，只分别占15%和11%。此外，他还发动家人进行了浏览器阅读实验，6个人在不同底色的液晶屏前上网浏览相同时间，实验结果也显示：用绿色为底色浏览网页，普遍感觉最舒适，最不易产生疲劳。

To test their findings,Lee also agricultural nearly a month time,Ran to the yuan dynasty ruins park/Bird's nest/Traditional stringed and woodwind instruments garden district/North beach community/Xuanwu YiYuan etc park and community,Make way for people to fill in the design of your own questionnaire.He also put the survey questionnaire sent to online,Network survey.There are more than people participated in the survey.LiYiNong let everybody from red/yellow/green/white/purple/Green six colors,Select the most comfortable at the base color.Field survey and network investigation,Most people choose the green,Account for 44% and 49% respectively;And choose the traditional"In black and white"of,Only account for 15% and 11% respectively.In addition,He also started the browser family reading experiment,Six men in different base color LCD screen before Internet browsing the same time,The experimental results also show that:With green color for browsing web pages,There is a general sense that the most comfortable,The most is not easy to produce fatigue.

　　依据自己的调查结果，李亦农准备向有关部门提出建议，应该考虑将淡绿色作为课本底色，不要再沿用传统的“白纸黑字”，这样，才能更有效地保护青少年视力，预防近视。

According to the survey results,LiYiNong ready to put forward the proposal to the relevant departments,Should consider will light green color as a textbook,Don't adhere to the traditional"In black and white",this,Can more effectively protect teenagers vision,Prevent myopia.

　　北京第二实验小学科技老师甄奕表示，学校鼓励学生突破传统思维定势，进行大胆研究，但一个小学生的调研无论从技术手段还是知识积累方面都受到局限，所以，他的调研结论不一定是最科学、最严谨的，也不是标准答案。但李亦农的创新精神值得鼓励，希望他的发现能引起更多专家和部门的关注，寻找到保护视力的好方法。

Beijing second experiment elementary school teachers of science and technology ZhenYi said,Schools encourage students to break through the traditional thinking,For bold research,But a pupil investigation no matter from technical means or the accumulation of knowledge are limited,so,His research conclusion is not necessarily the most scientific/The most rigorous,Also not standard answer.But LiYiNong spirit of innovation should be encouraged,I hope he's found that can cause more experts and department's attention,Looking for to protect the good method of eyesight.

　　目前，李亦农的调查已得到学校重视，今后，该校印卷子时有望把底色改成淡绿色或淡黄色。据悉，本月中下旬，李亦农还将带着他的调研报告参加西城区青少年金鹏科技论坛比赛。

At present,LiYiNong investigation has been pay more attention to the school,In the future,The school seal when the examination paper is expected to color into light green or light yellow.It is reported,Late this month,LiYiNong will also took his research report to participate in xicheng district youth scienceand technology BBS game.

马上就访 'll visit

“白纸黑字”易使眼睛疲劳 "In black and white"Easy to make the eye fatigue

　　记者发现，目前学生读物多为“白纸黑字”。翻开人教版小学一、二年级语文教科书，“白纸黑字”居多，部分页面有彩色插图，只有最后几页的生字表上附上了蓝、黄、绿三种底色。小学一至六年级的数学课本彩图比较多，但多数练习册和试卷是“白纸黑字”，没有彩图。

Reporter discovery,The student is reading"In black and white".People turn a well-selected elementary school/Second-year Chinese textbooks,"In black and white"Is in the majority,Part of the page with colored illustration,Only the last few pages of new words list with blue/yellow/Green three base color.Primary school grade 1 to grade six math textbook more regions,But most of the exercise books and papers is"In black and white",Let no.

　　北京印刷学院教授魏先福介绍，目前并没有数据说明“白纸黑字”有损视力，但从人眼的舒适度来看，报刊、杂志、书籍印成“白纸黑字”确实容易造成眼睛疲劳。

Beijing printing college professor WeiXianFu is introduced,There is no data description"In black and white"Harm eyesight,But from the human eye to see the comfort,newspapers/magazine/Books printed a"In black and white"Really easy to create the eye fatigue.

　　据了解，纸之所以白，是因为加入了荧光增白剂。“因为大多数人认为白纸光泽度高、好看，而黑字又清楚，所以长期以来才会形成追求‘白纸黑字’的效果，这与人们的消费观念有关”，魏先福说，“随着时代发展，人们对纸的要求提高了，开始追求返璞归真的感觉。其实，如果不加荧光增白剂，纸本身就是淡黄色的。”

It is understood,Paper is white,Because join the fluorescent whitening agent."Because most people think white paper high gloss/good-looking,And there it was in black and white and clear,So for a long time will form pursuit‘In black and white’effect,This and people's consumption notion about",WeiXianFu said,"With the development of The Times,People to the requirements of the paper improved,Begin to seek return uncut jade to return true feeling.In fact,If you don't add fluorescent whitening agent,The paper itself is light yellow."

　　北京市第二医院眼科主任医师赵欣表示，目前国内尚未有就颜色对视网膜影响的专门研究，绿底也未必是最佳选择。不过，一些白底黑字的图书、纸张第一眼看上去就特别晃眼，对视力肯定会产生影响。在她看来，中小学试卷的纸张底色有必要改一改，因为目前多数中小学试卷的纸张都反白光，长时间盯着上面的文字，容易引发近视。纸张的底色最好是乳白、浅黄色，这样会让孩子们的眼睛舒服一些。

Beijing second hospital eye chief physician ZhaoXin said,The current domestic color has yet to retinal influence of specialized research,Green bottom also may not be the best choice.but,Some white background with black text books/The paper at first glance is especially HuangYan,To eyesight will certainly impact.In her eyes,Primary and secondary school examination paper paper impression is necessary to changed,Because at present most of the primary and secondary school examination paper paper against all white,Long time staring at the above text,Easy to cause myopia.The impression of paper is best milky white/buff,This will make the children's eyes comfortable.