评论员 启越 贵州毕节5名留守儿童的离去，如同突然撕下这个社会的伤痂，让人心被狠狠地扯痛了一下。我们想知道，这些孩子生前在街头游荡的时候，是否怨过自己的父母，恨过这个社会？

Commentators rev. The guizhou bijie five left-behind children go,As suddenly ripped the social wound scab,Let the heart be ruthlessly pull a pain.We want to know,The children in the street before the wandering,Whether quarrels with his own parents,Hate this society?

　　虽然毕节市政府随后对5名男孩意外死亡事件中负有领导和管理责任的相关人士作了处分，但生命已逝，只能寄望于未来悲剧不再重演。另外，应负责任的仅仅是那8个人吗？假设这些孩子的父母不用出去打工，或者他们能跟随父母在打工之地安定下来，那将是另一种结局。如果非得追究责任，那谁又该弥补全国5000多万留守儿童失去的爱？“妈妈，自从你走后，我觉得家里的一切都变了，即使离家很近，也觉得很遥远。每次放假回家，我都会习惯地叫上一声‘妈’。这时，屋里没有任何声音，就像一个空荡荡山野的破庙。”这是媒体刊登的一位留守儿童的日记。据全国妇联统计，全国留守儿童人数已达5800万人。这个独特群体的出现是城乡二元体制下的人口不对称流动造成的，所以这些孩子也被我们称为“时代的孤儿”或者是“制度性孤儿”。

Although bijie city then to five boys in accidental death events responsible for leadership and management responsibility for the relevant personage disposition,But life has gone,Can only hope on the future tragedy would never happen again.In addition,Should be responsible is only the eight people?Assuming that these children's parents don't work out,Or they can follow their parents in the work place settle down,It will be another ending.If you have to responsibility,The who this make up for the national more than 5000 left-behind children lost love?"mother,Since you left,I think home all that has changed,Even close to home,Also feel very far away.Every time the leaves go home,I will be used to call a sound‘mom’.At this time,The house without any sound,Like a empty field of break temple."This is the media published a left-behind children's diary.According to the statistics of the all-china women's federation,The number of left-behind children already amounted to 58 million people.This unique group is the emergence of the urban and rural dual system of the population caused by the asymmetric flow,So the children were also we called"Age orphans"or"Institutional orphan".

　　5名留守儿童的逝去是极端个案，但是5000多万留守儿童的确出现了群体性问题。一项调研结果显示：心理健康问题是留守儿童最容易出现的问题，且表现为隐性，不容易发现但影响深远。

Five left-behind children passing is extreme case,But more than 5000 left-behind children do appear group problem.A research results show that:Mental health problems is left-behind children the most easily appeared problems,And for the performance of the recessive,Not easy to find but far-reaching influence.

　　研究发现，留守儿童存在的主要问题有：一是由于父母监护缺位，致使一些留守儿童存在营养不良、学习习惯不良等问题；二是由于亲情缺失，使得一些留守儿童心理和情感的发展受到负面影响，容易造成情感冷漠、内心封闭、缺乏自信、不相信他人等性格缺陷和心理障碍；三是留守儿童的安全面临较多问题，容易成为被侵害的对象。毕节5名孩子也正是上述原因离家出走导致最后死亡的。

The study found that,Left-behind children existing main problem:One is due to the absence of parental guidance,Cause some left-behind children exist malnutrition/Learning habits and poor problem;The second is due to the lack of love,Make some left-behind children mental and emotional development be negatively affected,Easy to cause the emotional indifference/Heart closed/Lack of confidence/Don't believe others character flaws and psychological disorder;The third is left-behind children's security is faced with many problems,Easy to become the object of infringement.Bijie five children is also the above reasons lead to the death of the last of run away from home.

　　社会对留守儿童的关注并非始于毕节5名儿童之死。政府与民间一直以来对流动人口带来农村空心化问题的研究，就包含了对农村留守老人、儿童问题的解决方案的探索。比如给予留守儿童这个群体更多生活、学习的照顾，有的地方甚至施行“代理爸爸”、“代理妈妈”的措施，弥补留守儿童爱的缺失。

Society on left-behind children attention is not started in bijie five children's death.The government and the civil has been brought to the floating population of rural KongXinHua problem research,It contains to the countryside left-behind old man/Children's problem solution of exploration.For example give left-behind children this group more life/Learning to take care of,In some places and even"Agent dad"/"Surrogate mothers"measures,Make up for the lack of left-behind children love.

　　我们都知道这些都只是权宜之计，“代理父母”永远代替不了父母的爱。那有没有根本的解决之道？我们认为，方案有二：一是这些孩子的父母放弃外出打工，就近就业或者直接回家；二是孩子跟父母定居在打工所在的城市。前者在短时间内实现的可能性比较小，毕竟区域间经济的差距、城乡之间的收入差距虽然在逐渐缩小，但完全平衡尚待时日。而后者却容易实现得多，只要城市的管理者愿意放开门槛，留守儿童的问题解决起来就容易得多。说白了，留守儿童的问题表现在农村，但是解决问题的关键却在城市。

We all know that these are just expedient,"Agent parents"Always can't take the place of parents' love.That have a fundamental solution?We think,Scheme has two:One is the children's parents give up work out,Nearby employment or straight home;The second is settled in children with their parents work city.The former in the shortest possible time is less likely,After all, regional economic gap/The income gap between urban and rural areas though is gradually diminishing,But fully balance remains to be time.While the latter is much more easy to implement,As long as life in the cities of managers are willing to let go of the threshold,Left-behind children problem solving up will be easier.Frankly speaking,The problem of left-behind children in the rural areas performance,But the key of resolving the problem but in the city.

　　在《中国儿童发展纲要(2011~2020年)》中明确强调：创造公平社会环境，确保儿童不因户籍、地域、性别、民族、信仰、受教育状况、身体状况和家庭财产状况受到任何歧视，所有儿童享有平等的权利与机会。

in[The program for the development of Chinese children(2011 ~ 2020)]Clearly emphasize:Create a fair social environment,Ensure that children don't because of household registration/regional/gender/national/belief/Education status by/Health and family property status any discrimination,All children enjoy equal rights and opportunities.

　　但在现实中有诸多障碍阻止留守儿童与父母的团聚。如果我们的城市能给打工者提供申请廉租房的机会，能让他们的孩子有平等受教育的机会等，留守儿童的人数必定大幅度减少。很多时候，我们以种种借口拒绝提供这样的机会，我们更多考量的是区域利益，个人利益，我们甚至为了这些利益，宁愿牺牲了5000多万孩子可能的未来。

But in reality, there are many obstacles stop left-behind children and parents' reunion.If our city can give migrant workers provide housing for the opportunity,Can let their children have equal opportunities by education, etc,The number of left-behind children will be greatly reduced.Most of the time,We with excuses refuses to provide such an opportunity,We more consideration is regional interests,Personal interests,We even for these interests,Would rather sacrifice more than 5000 child may be the future.

　　所以，当我们决定拆掉不合规定的打工子弟学校的时候，当我们呼吁大城市应该设置人口限制的时候，我们是不是应该想想那5个失去生命的男孩，那5000多万个渴望父母爱抚的心灵。没有人性的政策不会长久，没有爱的社会也注定会崩塌。

so,When we decided to tear down illegal for children of school,When we called on cities should be set population limitations,Shouldn't we think that 5 lost their lives boy,The more than 5000 parents a desire to touch mind.No human policy won't last very long,No love society will surely collapse.