仅两省出台具体方案 京沪粤动向未明 Only two provinces concrete scheme on beijing-shanghai guangdong trend is unknown

　　教育部日前公布的《2011年全国教育事业发展统计公报》显示，2011年全国义务教育阶段在校生中进城务工人员随迁子女共1260.97万人。为保障这部分人受教育的权利，今年8月，国务院办公厅转发教育部等四部委《关于做好进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试工作的意见》，要求各地年底前出台异地高考具体政策，福建、江苏、湖北等十几个省市随后表态将会在年底前制定具体措施。

The ministry of education announced a few days ago[The 2011 national education career development statistics bulletin]display,The 2011 national compulsory education stage in the school of rural migrant workers in SuiQian children altogether 12.6097 million people.To ensure this part by the right to education,August,The general office of the state council forwarding the ministry of education and other four ministries and commissions[The preparation for migrant workers SuiQian children receive compulsory education after the local attend school entrance examination opinions],All requirements before the end of the college entrance examination on different specific policy,fujian/jiangsu/Hubei, more than 10 provinces and cities and then declare will formulate specific measures before the end of the year.

　　黑龙江10月31日率先公布了异地高考方案，成为第一个明确“异地高考”具体门槛的省份。根据方案，具有黑龙江高中学籍且高中阶段在黑龙江连续就读3年以上，父母在黑龙江有合法职业和合法稳定住所的外省籍随迁子女，可在当地报名就地参加高考。其中，合法稳定的住所含租赁房屋。随后安徽也出台了相关方案，且唯一要求是有“高中阶段完整学籍”，这一门槛比黑龙江还要低。

Heilongjiang October 31, published by the university entrance exam takes the lead in different scheme,Be the first clear"Different college entrance examination"Specific threshold provinces.According to the plan,Heilongjiang province has high school and high school student in heilongjiang in continuous 3 years,Parents in heilongjiang has legal professional and legal stable residential mainlanders SuiQian children,Available in the local registration in situ to participate in college entrance examination.the,Legal stable residence including rental housing.Then anhui also issued relevant solutions,And the only requirements are"High school students complete",This threshold than heilongjiang is still lower.

　　山东、福建两省则在教育部等四部委出台意见之前，即提出从2014年起允许高中阶段有完整学习经历的非户籍考生在本地参加高考，但具体实施细则仍在制定中。江苏虽尚未出台具体措施，但明确表示将在2013年开放随迁子女就地高考。此外，其它多个省份也在紧锣密鼓制定方案，海南、浙江、湖北等十几个省市均宣称会在年底前出台随迁子女异地高考方案。

shandong/Fujian provinces is in the ministry of education and other four ministries issued before the opinion,Put forward that since 2014 allows a complete high school learning experience of the census register in the local candidates to participate in college entrance examination,But the specific implementation rules are still in the formulated.Jiangsu hasn't been issued specific measures,But made it clear that will be opened in 2013 SuiQian children in situ college entrance examination.In addition,Other provinces in the middle also make plan,hainan/zhejiang/Hubei, more than 10 provinces and cities all claims will be before the end of the year SuiQian children on different college entrance examination scheme.

　　就在公众认为异地高考将会在明年顺利推行之时，上周，北京和广东相继发布高考报名通知，通知中均明确要求本地户籍考生可报名在当地参加高考。被媒体解读为“暂不允许异地高考”。北京教委对此回应称，有关非京籍考生的高考方案目前还在研究制订当中，尚未推出，因此，将针对本地户籍考生的高考方案解读为2013年非京籍考生不能在京高考是非常片面的。

In the public think different college entrance examination will be in the next year to carry out smoothly,Last week,Beijing and guangdong college entrance examination have issued the notice,Notice all clear requirements this locality census register examinee can register at a local attend the university entrance exam.By the media for interpretation"Temporary don't allow different college entrance examination".Beijing education commission said this response,The non Beijing an examinee college entrance examination plan is still in the study of set,Has not yet been launched,therefore,According to this locality census register examinee college entrance examination scheme interpretation for 2013 years not jing an examinee college entrance examination can not in Beijing is very one-sided.

　　同样是在上周，上海就《上海市居住证管理办法(草案)》公开征求意见，拟对居住证进行“积分制”管理，持《居住证》A证的人员，其子女按照规定可在上海参加高考。这也被解读为上海异地高考出现松动迹象。

The same is in the last week,Shanghai is[The measures for the administration of the Shanghai residence permit(draft)]Public to solicit their opinions,Plan to for residence permit"JiFenZhi"management,hold[Residence permit]A card personnel,The children can be in accordance with the relevant provisions in Shanghai to participate in college entrance examination.It also was interpreted as Shanghai college entrance examination appear different signs of loosening.

　　虽然2个月内已有部分省份宣称明年放开异地高考，京沪粤动向未明仍旧给异地高考的前景泼了一瓢冷水。京沪粤动向引人关注，不仅是因为这三地外来人口多，关系更多人的利益，还因为这三地作为全国高考洼地，享受了更多的教育特权。尤其是京沪两地，优秀大学集中，招录的本地学生较多，高考竞争小，自然成了反对教育不公平的众矢之的。因此，对于这三地迟迟不放开异地高考，其他省份的考生和家长难免会认为这是在维护本地特权利益。

Although two months there has been some provinces declared next let go of different college entrance examination,The beijing-shanghai guangdong trend still unknown to the prospect of different college entrance examination over the gourd ladle cold water.The beijing-shanghai guangdong trend fetching attention,Not only because of the three foreign large population,Relationship between the interests of more people,Also because the three places as the national college entrance examination depression,Enjoy more education privilege.Especially just two,Excellent university focus,ZhaoLu local students more,Little competition in the college entrance examination,Naturally became the against education unfair target of public criticism.therefore,For this has not let go of three different college entrance examination,Other provinces the examinee and the guardian of the hard to avoid can think it is in the maintenance of local privileged interests.

　　综合两方面的因素，京沪粤自然也成了中国异地高考改革最受关注的地区。中国著名教育专家熊丙奇称，如果京沪粤的异地高考问题不解决，基本上等于我国整体的异地高考问题没解决。

Comprehensive two factors,The beijing-shanghai guangdong natural has become China's different college entrance examination reform the area that attracts the most attention.Famous Chinese education experts XiongBingJi says,If the beijing-shanghai guangdong college entrance examination "problem is solved,Basically equal to our country's whole "the university entrance exam the problem was not solved.

　　中国教育部副部长杜玉波近日表示，进城务工人员随迁子女在当地参加升学考试是教育公平的标志性事件，现在离年底只有1个多月时间，“要集中力量，打好这一硬仗”。他还透露，近期教育部将会同相关部门对各省(区、市)开展专项督查，还要分赴京沪粤等地督促指导落实方案。

China's vice minister of education DuYuBo said recently,Migrant workers in the local SuiQian children attend school entrance examination is education fair landmark event,From the end of the year now only one more than a month,"To concentrate on,Play this tough battle".He also revealed,Recent education department shall, jointly with the related departments of the provinces(area/city)Carry out special supervision,To leave for different destinations such as beijing-shanghai guangdong to urge guide implement scheme.

担心本地教育资源被抢 “门槛”设置成最大看点 Worry about the local education resources were robbed "threshold"Set to read the biggest

　　放开异地高考后，非户籍考生是否会抢占本地教育资源成为市民最关心的问题，同时也是各地推行异地高考这一政策面临的巨大压力。

Let go of different ground after the college entrance examination,The census register whether candidates will take the local education resources to become the biggest concern of the people,At the same time is also carrying out different around the university entrance exam this policy faces huge pressure.

　　目前推行异地高考比较积极的省份大都面临相对较小的压力。据统计，安徽全省非本地户籍高中生数量约为2000人，相对于几十万的考生数量影响很小。而且安徽还是人口输出大省，异地高考实施后输出人口大于输入人口，综合考虑并不会损害本地考生的利益。而山东也具有同样的情况，再加上山东高考录取分数相对较高，异地高考对外省考生并无吸引力，实施异地高考从整体看也是利大于弊。

At present carrying out the different college entrance examination is positive provinces are mostly face relatively small pressure.According to the statistics,Anhui province non-native household registration number of senior high school students is about 2000 people,Relative to the hundreds of thousands of examinee quantity influence is very small.And anhui province or population output,Different college entrance examination after the implementation of the output population greater than the input population,Comprehensive consideration will not damage the interests of the local examinee.And shandong also has the same situation,Plus shandong college entrance examination admission score is relative taller,Different foreign province examinee college entrance examination and not attractive,Implement different college entrance examination from the whole to see is more good than harm.

　　相反，京沪粤作为中国最大的人口流入地，出台异地高考方案面临巨大压力。据统计，在上海接受义务教育的外来务工者随迁子女超过50万人，而在广东则超过330万人。如果放开异地高考，则会对本地考生的利益造成巨大挑战。部分家长认为外籍孩子过多占用本地教育资源，也有网友认为，京沪等大都市已处于人口饱和状态，如果放开异地高考，会有更多外地人涌入，不但现有教育资源无法承受，还将引发房价上涨等一系列问题。

instead,The beijing-shanghai guangdong is China's largest population defined,The university entrance exam on different schemes are faced with great pressure.According to the statistics,In Shanghai to receive compulsory education of migrant workers who work SuiQian children more than 500000 people,And more than 3.3 million people in guangdong.If let go of different college entrance examination,Will the interests of the local examinee poses a great challenge.Some parents think foreign children take up too much local education resources,Have net friend think,Such as beijing-shanghai metropolis has a population saturation state,If let go of different college entrance examination,There will be more foreigners influx,Not only the existing education resources cannot afford,Also will trigger a series of problems, such as house prices rising.

　　因此，异地高考门槛如何设置也成了关乎每个人利益的事情，在民间引发热议。教育部等四部委在出台意见时曾提及各地可根据三个(家长、学生、城市)条件制定措施，从目前已出台相应政策和意见的省份看，学生条件高中阶段完整学籍，成必备限制条件。黑龙江则是在此基础上增加了两项家长条件有合法职业和合法稳定住所，这也被认定为是相对宽松的限制。

therefore,Different threshold college entrance examination how to set has become for each person interest thing,In the folk trigger hot debate.The ministry of education and other four ministries and commissions in issued opinion around mentioned according to three(parents/students/city)Condition formulate measures,From the current has already issued the corresponding policies and Suggestions of the provinces to see,Students condition high school students complete,Into necessary restrictions.Heilongjiang is based on this increases the two parents conditions have a legal professional and legal stable residence,It also regarded as relatively loose restrictions.

　　上述省份较低的门槛获得众多教育专家的认可。北大法学院教授张千帆日前向国务院提交异地高考建议方案时提出，随迁子女应有三年或三年以上的就学年限，并作为认定异地高考资格的主要条件，而不应该在社保年限等问题上设置高门槛。

The above province lower threshold for many education experts recognition.Peking University law school professor ZhangQianFan recently submitted to the state council foreign proposal is put forward when the college entrance examination,SuiQian children should have three years or three years of schooling,And as a recognized university entrance exam qualification of the different main conditions,And should not be in the social security problems of the high threshold Settings.

　　目前京广尚未出台相应政策，对于上海实施的居住证积分制，部分专家也不予认可，认为这只是人才流动制度和人事制度上的改革，算不上异地高考改革。京沪粤将如何设置限定条件引发关注，三地如果效仿安徽等地设置低门槛，将导致众多外地人员涌入抢占高考洼地。

At present the beijing-guangzhou has not yet issued corresponding policy,For the implementation of JiFenZhi Shanghai residence permit,Part of the experts also shall not be approved,Think that this is only the flow of talent system and the personnel system reform,Is not different college entrance examination reform.The beijing-shanghai guangdong will be how to set limit conditions cause attention,If three follow the example of anhui and set low threshold,Will lead to many nonlocal personnel into take the university entrance exam depression.

　　因此有分析称，京沪粤即便出台政策，限定条件也会比安徽等地严格很多。教育公平不可能一步到位，需要逐步实现。尤其是京沪等地长期享受教育特权，一下全部放开肯定会出现城市消化不良等大量问题。开始的相对高门槛可以起到缓冲作用，以后再逐步降低。

Therefore has the analysis says,Even if the beijing-shanghai guangdong policy,Limit condition will than anhui, strict many.Education fair may not one pace reachs the designated position,Need to gradually realize.Especially the beijing-shanghai, long-term enjoy education privilege,The full open will appear city indigestion to wait for a large number of problems.Start relatively high threshold can act as a buffer action,Later reduced gradually.

　　限定条件如何设置也成了异地高考改革最难把握的度。条件设置过高对外来务工人员子女不公平，而条件太低则意味着京沪等大城市的住房和教育等资源会随着外来人员的涌入面临巨大考验。

Limit condition how to set up also became different college entrance examination reform the hardest master degree.Conditions set too high to migrant workers children unfair,And conditions are too low means the beijing-shanghai and so on big city housing and education resources with the influx of foreign workers will face a huge challenge.

推行异地高考引发对高考移民担忧 Implementation of the different college entrance examination to college entrance examination immigrant caused concern

　　异地高考推行引发部分家长对高考移民的担忧。由于高校在各省投放固定名额，而各地教育质量、考试难度、录取比例均不相同，因此存在像京沪以及西部一些省份等所谓高考低分洼地，每年都会有一些考生去这些地方参加考试寻求投机。

Different the university entrance exam carrying out off some parents to the college entrance examination immigration concerns.Due to the colleges and universities in the province on the fixed quota,And all education quality/Test difficulty/Acceptance rates are not the same,Therefore there are like the beijing-shanghai and some provinces in western and so-called college entrance examination low depression,Every year there are some candidates to go to these places for the exam for speculation.

　　对此，国家教育咨询委员会委员谈松华称，从源头上解决这一问题，就必须对“随迁子女就地高考”和“高考移民”做出区分，并从制度本身明确标准，确定非户籍人口高考针对的人群。教育专家熊丙奇谈及上述两个概念时指出，异地高考面向的人群是“孩子父母一方或者双方首先在城市工作，孩子跟着过来并在这里接受了义务教育，以及拥有高中学历，而不是为了寻求低分洼地在高考前投机移民过来的。”

this,National education advisory committee about pine China says,From the source to solve this problem,We have to"SuiQian children in situ college entrance examination"and"College entrance examination immigrant"Distinction between,And from the system itself clear standard,To determine the census register population to the person the university entrance exam.Education experts XiongBingJi talked about the above two points out that concept,Different college entrance examination of the people who are facing"The child's parents one party or both parties first work in the city,The child followed over here and accept compulsory education,And have a high school education,Not to seek low depression in before the college entrance examination immigration of speculation."

　　但也有网友担心，即使做出这种区分也仍旧防范不了高考移民的发生。如果简单的将标准定为“父母在城市工作，孩子接受3年高中教育”，可能会有父母为让孩子享受高考特权而暂时去京沪等地工作3年。因此，这一举措反而容易成为产生更多高考移民的漏洞。

But there are also net friend worry,Even if make the distinction between still not prevent the happening of the college entrance examination immigration.If a simple as the standard"My parents work in the city,Children to accept three years of high school education",There may be parents for children are allowed to enjoy their college entrance examination privilege and temporarily to the beijing-shanghai, work for 3 years.therefore,The move is likely to become instead to produce more of the college entrance examination immigration loopholes.

　　因此，在推行异地高考的同时如何避免高考移民扩大成了必须考虑的问题。教育部长袁贵仁日前在新闻发布会上也坦言，高考改革是最复杂、最敏感的一件事，异地高考一方面是有条件的准入，另一方面在推进时还要谨慎防止高考移民，以免造成新的不公平。

therefore,In the implementation of the different college entrance examination at the same time how to avoid the college entrance examination immigration expand became must consider the question.Education minister yuan guiren indicated recently in the press conference also said,College entrance examination reform is the most complex/The most sensitive one thing,Different college entrance examination on the one hand is conditional access,On the other hand in advance when must care to prevent the college entrance examination immigration,So as to avoid new unfair.

　　异地高考问题产生的根本原因就在于教育资源分配不均。南开大学社会学家关信平对此表示，京津沪等地区的市民已经习惯享受比外地更加优越的高考资源，当越来越多的人要求公平、平等地重新分配资源时就产生了矛盾。

Different college entrance examination the root cause of the problem lies in the uneven distribution of education resources.Nankai university sociologist shut believe flat expressed,The beijing-tianjin Shanghai and other regions of the citizens is used to enjoy more superior than that of other resources of the university entrance exam,When more and more people requiring fair/Equally to redistribute resources will have come into conflict.

　　关于异地高考问题的解决，专家指出，只能一步一步解决，通过设定一定的限制条件让一部分人先享受，此后则要在逐步提高社会管理水平的前提下稳步推进。(完）

About different college entrance examination to the solution of the problem,Experts point out that,Can only solve step by step,Through the set certain restriction conditions to let some people to enjoy,Since then, to gradually raise the level of social management under the premise of steadily.(finish)