武汉大学11月29日举行119周年校庆活动并宣布120周年“校庆年”正式启动，却招致包括老校长刘道玉在内的众多武大校友的质疑。

Wuhan university held on November 29, 119 anniversary activities and announced 120 anniversary"Anniversary year"Official start,But incur including LiuDaoYu old headmaster, the numerous wu3 da4 alumni of the question.

　　武汉大学于1993年在国内大学中率先举办“百年校庆”。此后武大校方一直宣称，武大溯源于1893年时任湖广总督张之洞创办的自强学堂。11月29日，武大现任校长李晓红重申了这一观点。

Wuhan university in 1993 in domestic universities in host"Centennial celebration".Then the wu3 da4 claims,Wu3 da4 traced back to the 1893 HuGuang governor zhang zhidong founded school himself.On November 29,,Wu3 da4 incumbent President long reiterated this view.

　　然而，刘道玉等武大校友却认为，武汉大学的前身只能追溯到1913年创建的国立武昌高等师范学校，与自强学堂并无传承关系。他们主张在2013年重新举办“百年校庆”，而不要搞所谓的“120周年校庆”。

however,LiuDaoYu etc wu3 da4 alumni but think,The predecessor of wuhan university only back in 1913 created the national wuchang higher normal school,And improve school and no inheritance relationship.They advocate in 2013 to hold"Centennial celebration",And don't make the so-called"120 anniversary".

武大校史上延始末 On the whole, the history of wu3 da4 delay

　　对于现在绝大多数的武大学生而言，武汉大学源于1893年的自强学堂似乎是从进校第一天起就开始接受的常识。他们并不知道，武大校方认定学校最早的前身是自强学堂，只是最近二十年来的事。

For now the vast majority of wu3 da4 student,Wuhan university from 1893 years of self-improvement school seem to be coming from the school the first day began to accept the common sense.They do not know if,As the earliest school school wu3 da4 predecessor is self-improvement school,It is only recently that twenty years things.

　　1992年以前，武大官方从未正式承认过始建于1893年的自强学堂为学校前身。长期以来，武大校方坚持以国立武昌高等师范学校作为学校历史的正源，20世纪50年代中期以后武大明确以1913年为建校年份，并以此为标准举办过多次校庆活动，1983年刘道玉任校长时，就举办了武大建校七十周年的庆典。

1992 years ago,Wu3 da4 official never officially acknowledged was founded in 1893 to improve school school predecessor.For a long time,Wu3 da4 the school adhere to the national wuchang higher normal school as a school history are source,After the mid 1950 s clear wu3 da4 in 1913 for the school year,According to the standard held a celebration activities many times,In 1983, when LiuDaoYu President,It held a wu3 da4 the seventieth anniversary celebration.

　　据多年从事过武汉大学校史研究的武汉大学教师吴骁的考证，武汉大学与自强学堂并没有传承关系。1893年11月29日，张之洞向光绪皇帝上书，奏请开办一所新式学堂以培养洋务人才，新学堂名为“自强学堂”，校舍定于武昌读书堂街三佛阁，1902年自三佛阁迁到东厂口改名为方言学堂。方言学堂于1911年初停办。

According to many years engaged in wuhan university, wuhan university, the history of the study of teacher wu Xiao research,Wuhan university and improve school and no inheritance relationship.On November 29, 1893,Zhang zhidong's book to emperor guangxu,Strike please create a new school to cultivate westernization talents,The new school called"Self-improvement school",School is scheduled for the wuchang reading three FoGe hall street,Since 1902, three FoGe moved to east plant mouth renamed dialect school.Dialect school in early 1911 suspension.

　　方言学堂停办后，方言学堂位于武昌东厂口的校舍一度被武昌军官学校所占用。1913年，民国政府教育部决定设立武昌高师，湖北都督黎元洪决定将武昌军官学校使用的校舍提供给武昌高师使用。武昌高师的兴建，并不是方言学堂的恢复重建，其师资、学生也与方言学堂并无继承关系。

Dialect school after suspension,School is located in the dialect WuChangDong factory mouth schoolhouse once occupied by the wuchang academy.In 1913,,Government of the republic of China ministry of education decided to set up in wuchang,Hubei governor LiYuanHong decided to use the wuchang academy school provide the wuchang normal use.In the construction of the wuchang,Not dialect rehabilitation of school,The teacher/Students also and dialect school and no inheritance relationship.

　　1991年年底，武大校友总会号召校友捐资兴建校门向80周年校庆献礼，1992年全年，武大也一直做80周年校庆的筹备工作，但在当年下半年突然决定将在1993年举办百年校庆，并于1993年10月向社会宣布，抛弃了过去以武昌高师为学校正源的看法，将武大校史正式上溯到了自强学堂。而武大也成为全国著名大学中第一所举办“百年校庆”的高校。

By the end of 1991,Wu3 da4 alumni association called on to donate money to build school alumni to 80 anniversary tribute,In the whole year of 1992,Wu3 da4 also have been doing 80 anniversary of the preparatory work,But the second half of the year in 1993 suddenly decided to hold the one hundred anniversary,And in October, 1993 announced to the society,Abandoned the wuchang teachers for schools are source view,Will officially back to the history of the wu3 da4 improve school.And also become the famous wu3 da4 university held by the first"Centennial celebration"university.

争议不断 Dispute continuously

　　在1993年以前，武汉大学校内也有声音建议将学校的起点定为自强学堂。持这部分观点的人最为关键的证据即是武昌高师是利用方言学堂的校舍开办的，方言学堂又是经自强学堂易名易址而来，且自强学堂也是晚清兴办的新式学堂在性质上接近于高等学堂。

In the 1993 years ago,Wuhan university campus and a voice Suggestions will be the starting point of the school for self-improvement school.With this aspect of the most key evidence is in wuchang is the use of dialect school schoolhouse offered,Dialect is the school improve school style easy to address,In the late qing dynasty and self-improvement school and the new school in nature close to higher school.

　　刘道玉说，在1983年时，已有一部分校史专家主张把学校校史起点定为1893年的自强学堂并建议在当年举办90周年校庆，他虽然在当时部分采纳了这种观点并在校庆活动中提到武大和自强学堂的关系，但认为，将建校时间上溯到1893年证据不足，因此否定了这种主张。

LiuDaoYu said,In 1983,For part of the school history experts claim history starting point at 1893 years of self-improvement school and Suggestions in the 90 anniversary,Although he was part of the adopted this view in the celebration activities mentioned wu3 da4 and improve the relationship between the school,But think,It will be time back to 1893 years of insufficient evidence,So rejected the claim.

　　刘道玉对财新记者表示，上世纪90年代初正是中国大学浮夸、冒进最盛的时期，1993年举行的武大“百年校庆”就是在这种狂躁背景下举行的。把武大的建校时间追溯到1893年没有任何实际意义，只是满足了某些人争当中国大学第一把交椅的虚荣心而已。

LiuDaoYu new reporters to wealth,In the early 1990 s is China's university flatulence/The period of the zenith at bay,In 1993 a wu3 da4"Centennial celebration"In which it is under the background of mania held.The school of wu3 da4 time back in 1893 no practical significance,Just meet some people to be the Chinese university the NBA's vanity.

　　在刘道玉看来，武汉大学以武昌高师使用方言学堂校舍为由，认定方言学堂是武昌高师前身，根本不能成立。“打比方说，如果一栋房子先后由两家毫不相干的人居住过，那么是否证明后者与前者是血缘或亲缘关系呢？”而刘道玉的观点，也是中国教育史学界的主流观点。

In LiuDaoYu seems,Wuhan university in wuchang using dialects school for school,That school is dialect in wuchang predecessor,Can't established."example,If a house has the two unrelated people to live,So that the latter is with the former is blood or genetic relationship??"And LiuDaoYu point of view,Chinese education history is one of the main arguments.

　　现任深圳大学教授李均曾撰文指出，许多高校在追溯自己历史的时候仅仅依据学校的个别因素与其确认的前身的历史继承性，尽量把自己的历史附会在一些老学校身上，武汉大学就是一例。他还曾分析说，国内不少高校热衷于把自己的建校时间随意延长暗藏的深层次原因就是因为大学缺乏基本的自信心，学校认定自身欠缺实力，靠教学、科研成绩来提高学校声望速度太慢或希望不大，就试图借助更“悠久”的历史让学校成为“中华老字号”，以为这样就能成为“名牌”，“如此提升学校声望之法恐怕在世界高等教育领域也是绝无仅有的！”

The shenzhen university professor lee have pointed out that writing,Many colleges and universities in the trace their history according to the school only individual factors and confirmation of the predecessor of historical heredity,Try to put yourself in the history of the old school, a few,Wuhan university is an example.He also had analysis said,Some Chinese universities are keen to send their school time lengthen hidden deep reason is because of the lack of basic confidence,The school that their own lack of strength,By teaching/Scientific research achievement to improve school reputation speed too slow or hope is not big,Tried to with more"long"The history of the school to become"The old",Thought that can be"brand","So ascension school reputation in the world I'm afraid the law of higher education field is also unique!"

　　武汉大学准备在1993年举办“百年校庆”时，武汉大学曾就此上报国家教委审批，国家教委当时并无专门部门负责管理高校校史或校庆事宜，便告知武大不对校史长度问题做审批，让武大组织专家论证。中国高等教育学学科泰斗、厦门大学教授潘懋元参与了此次论证并对武大建校于1893年的结论提出了异议，为顾及武汉大学的颜面，潘懋元和他的学生刘海峰在论证材料中写道：“只要在第一手资料或武昌高师15年间的其它资料中，有提到与此前的湖北方言学堂有继承关系，武汉大学校史起算时间上延至1893年的论证便可以成立。”

Wuhan university, ready to host the 1993"Centennial celebration"when,Wuhan university has reported on the state education commission approval,The state education commission at that time and no special department is responsible for the management, the history of the university or decoration matters,He told wu3 da4 wrong length, the history of the problem for examination and approval,Let wu3 da4 organization expert argumentation.China's higher education discipline masters/Xiamen university professor PanMao yuan to participate in the demonstration and wu3 da4 was founded in 1893 conclusion put forward the objection,To enable the face of wuhan university,PanMao and his students in the argument LiuHaiFeng wrote in the material:"As long as in the first hand information or wuchang normal 15 years in other material,A reference to previous hubei dialect school have inheritance relationship,Wuhan university on the history of the time to count to 1893 years of argument can was established."

　　刘海峰后来解释说，这句话言下之意，只要找不到第一手证据，武大源于自强学堂之说就不能成立，是对武汉大学当时校史论证的委婉否定。武大校方却对潘懋元的论证意见断章取义，刊出对武大较为有利的文字以说明参与论证的高等教育史专家“一致赞同”武大上延校史。

LiuHaiFeng later explained,This sentence implication,As long as find first-hand evidence,Wu3 da4 from self-improvement school say cannot hold water,Is the history of wuhan university was demonstrated euphemism negative.But the university of PanMao yuan wu3 da4 argument opinion out of context,Publication of wu3 da4 relatively advantageous words to show to participate in discussion of the history of higher education experts"agree"Wu3 da4 on the history of the delay.

　　1993年，武大在证据不充分的情况下举办“百年校庆”，招致了全国其他高校的普遍质疑。武汉大学校史造假也因此成为高等教育界的一桩公案。

In 1993,,Wu3 da4 in the evidence is sufficient cases held"Centennial celebration",Invite the other university commonly questioned.Wuhan university, the history of the fraud and therefore become a pile of higher education issue.

呼吁改正 Calls for correction

　　和刘道玉一样，吴骁也对武大“120周年”校庆提出了质疑。他在学校的选修课“武汉大学校史”的课堂上，向学生阐明武大与自强学堂并无关系的历史事实。

And LiuDaoYu as,Xiao wu of wu3 da4"120 anniversary"Decoration questioned.He in the school elective course"The history of the wuhan university"class,Students to clarify wu3 da4 and self-improvement school and irrelative historical facts.

　　吴骁说，武汉大学溯源于武昌高师，是辛亥革命的产物。民国年间，武汉大学一直是以中国高等学校中“后起之秀”面目出现的。把校史强行追溯到自强学堂，非但不能给武大脸上贴金，反而事实上导致校友对武大历史的人为混乱。

Xiao wu said,Wuhan university YuWuChang traceability in normal,Is the product of the revolution of.From the republic of,Wuhan university is China's institutions of higher learning"Rising star"Appear as the.The history of the forced back to improve school,Not only can't give wu3 da4 face with,But in fact lead to alumni of wu3 da4 history for chaos.

　　然而，武大的“120周年”校庆筹备活动仍在如火如荼地进行。据《长江日报》报道，国家邮政局已经计划于2013年发行武大建校120周年纪念邮票。有武大校友担心，如果该校庆邮票成功发行，将使武大肇始于1893年的谬说广为流传，给武大声誉带来更严重的负面影响。

however,Wu3 da4 of"120 anniversary"Decoration preparatory activities still in carrying on.According to[Changjiang daily]reports,National post office has plans to issue 2013 wu3 da4 the 120th anniversary commemorative stamps.A wu3 da4 alumni worry,If the anniversary stamps successfully issued,Will make wu3 da4 began in 1893 MiuShui widely circulated,Reputation for wu3 da4 bring more serious negative effect.

　　“我一直认为，武大于1993年在匆促之中把校史追溯到1893年是错误的，从而召开了100周年的伪校庆。值得指出的是，伪造校史不单是武大一所大学，全国大多数大学的校史都是随意攀沿，连学校的校史都不能求实，何以能够坚持实事求是的校风，又怎么能够树立诚信的价值观呢？”武汉大学前校长刘道玉对财新记者如是说。

"I've always thought,Wu3 da4 in 1993 in the rush of history dating back 1893 years is wrong,Thus held the 100 anniversary of the pseudo decoration.And, as noted,Forged history is not only WuDaYi university,Much of the country, the history of the university are optional climbing along,Even the history of the school are not realistic,Why can adhere to the spirit of seeking truth from facts,How to establish the integrity of values?"Former President of wuhan university LiuDaoYu wealth to new reporter said.