幼师：“我们需要社会的重视和理解” fine:"We need social recognition and understanding"

　　

一名普通幼教老师的工作状况调查 An ordinary preschool education teacher work condition investigation

　　凌晨5∶45，王丽(化名)调好的手机铃声忠实地将她从睡梦中唤醒。不化妆，不带首饰，也不穿裙子长靴，29岁的王丽只用20分钟就可以收拾好自己出门。“不是不爱漂亮，是工作性质不允许。”

At 5:45,Wang li(alias)Mixed ringtone faithfully will she from slumber.Don't make up,Don't take jewelry,Also don't wear skirt boot,The 29-year-old wang li only twenty minutes can tidy up yourself out."Not don't love beautiful,The nature of the work is not allowed."

　　王丽的工作是幼教老师，不过她经常这样自嘲：“我们虽然被叫做老师，但更多的时候，充当的却是孩子保育员的角色；可说我们不是老师吧，承担的教学任务一点也不比中小学老师轻松。”

Wang li's job is to preschool education teacher,But she often such self-mockery:"Although we called the teacher,But most of the time,ACTS as the role of the nurse is children;Can say we are not the teacher it,Take the teaching task of elementary and middle school teachers is not easy."

　　

繁忙的一天：既当老师又当妈 Busy day:To be both a teacher and a mother

　　王丽繁忙的一天从早上7:00开始。

Wang li busy day from start at 7 every morning.

　　到达工作单位北京某大型央企下属的一家一级幼儿园时，王丽还没吃早饭。她带的是中班，班里30个孩子，年龄在4到5岁之间。和她一起工作的，除了另外一名老师，还有一名负责清扫等杂活的保育员。“早上一到岗，就得开始和保育员一起打水、消毒、擦桌子。每人提三四个暖壶那是必须的，我们每个人都是大力士。”王丽笑着告诉记者。

Beijing to work a large renmin a subsidiary of kindergarten level,Wang li haven't eat breakfast.She took is middle shift,Class 30 children,In four to five years old age between.Together with her work,In addition to another teacher,And a responsible for cleaning chores such as nurse."The morning to the,Have to start and the nurse play water/disinfection/Wipe the table.Each was carrying three or four kettle that is a must,Each of us is a strong man."The WangLiXiao told reporters.

　　7∶30，陆陆续续开始有家长送孩子入园。王丽一边把自己班里的孩子领进门，指导孩子们做些简单的“劳动”，比如擦擦桌子、给自然角的植物浇浇水；一边还要接待家长，跟他们简单交流一下孩子的情况。8:00，孩子们开始吃早饭，王丽需要关注每个孩子的就餐情况，并教他们学会收拾自己的餐具。

7:30,Gradually began to have parents send their children into the garden.Wang li side their children in the class brought in the door,Guide the children to do some simple"labor",Such as wipe the table/To natural Angle of plant water pouring;As they receive the parents,With their simple communication about the baby.from,The children began to eat breakfast,Wang li need to pay attention to each child's dining situation,And teach them to pick up their own tableware.

　　9∶10左右，开始教学活动，也是一天的重头戏。上午的教学课一般持续20分钟，每周五天分为健康领域、科学领域、艺术领域、语言领域和社会领域。王丽会教孩子一些各领域的简单知识，帮助他们认识社会，感受真善美。王丽说，每天这个时候，她觉得自己最像一个老师。

Nine, ten or so,Began teaching activities,Is also a day of the grand opera.Morning lesson normally last for twenty minutes,Five days a week into health field/science/art/Language field and social fields.Wang li will teach children some fields of simple knowledge,Help them to know the society,True feelings.Wang li said,At this time of day,She felt the most like a teacher.

　　教学活动结束，孩子们会有一次加餐，然后就是户外活动时间。这个时间里，老师要负责帮每个孩子穿好户外活动的衣服，并组织孩子们做操和进行集体游戏。11∶00左右是中饭时间。“这也是我最头疼的时间。这个时候保育老师就下班了，而我得随时准备着应对各种各样状况的发生。不断会有孩子告诉你：老师他把饭倒翻了！老师我不喜欢吃那个菜！老师他吐了！……”王丽说，现在的孩子有良好用餐习惯的不是很多，这就需要她耐心地引导，耐心地喂。作为孩子在幼儿园的看护人，她得对孩子负责，让家长放心。

Teaching activities over,The children will have a tome,Then is the outdoor activity time.This time,The teacher will be responsible for help every child wear good clothes outdoor activities,And organize the children do exercises and group games.11:00 is around lunch time."This is my most has a headache the time.This time the conservation was off work,And I have to always ready to deal with all kinds of situation happened.Continuously will have children tell you:The teacher he put the rice turned down!The teacher I don't like to eat the food!The teacher when he had!……"Wang li said,Now the children have good eating is not many,This needs her patiently guide,Patiently feed.As children in kindergarten caregivers,She have to responsible for children,Let the parents at ease.

　　中午，孩子们休息了，可王丽却不能歇一歇。孩子踢了被子需要她来重新盖好，有不愿入睡的孩子需要她来安抚，甚至有的孩子一觉醒来尿湿了被子，也需要她来收拾。下午仍旧需要带着孩子活动，直到16:00家长来接。

At noon,The children have a rest,But wang li cannot rest a while.The children played quilt need her to cover again,Have don't want to fall asleep children need her to comfort,Even some children woke up wet quilt,Also need her to pick up.Afternoon still need to take their children activities,Until afterwards to parents to meet.

　　“社会上很多人都不了解幼儿园教师，总认为我们每天跟孩子玩还能拿工资，是天下少有的舒服工作之一。其实他们哪知道我们做幼儿园老师的艰辛？中国的幼儿教育注重的是幼儿行为习惯的养成，而不是学习知识。所以我们既要当老师又要充当家长的角色，真的不轻松。”说起自己忙碌的一天，王丽多少有些无奈。

"The society a lot of people do not understand the kindergarten teachers,We always think that every child can play with salary,The world is one of the few comfortable work.In fact they which know we do the hardships of kindergarten teacher?China's infant education pays attention to is infant behavior habits,Rather than learning knowledge.So we should not only when the teacher and to act as the role of parents,Really don't easily."About his busy day,Wang li somewhat helpless.

　　

辛苦在课外：20分钟的教学课堪比中学公开课 Hard outside:Twenty minutes of lesson me than middle school open class

　　虽然每天都很忙碌，但王丽告诉记者：幼儿教师这份工作，她自己一直很喜欢。

Although very busy every day,But wang li told reporters:Preschool teacher this job,She has been very like.

　　几年前，王丽从河北一所幼师中专毕业。在当地一家幼儿园干了一年后，因为想继续提高自己的专业水平，她选择去河北大学幼教专业进修本科。去年，获得了本科学历的王丽来到北京，应聘到了现在这家幼儿园。

A few years ago,Wang li from hebei a fine graduated from technical secondary school.In a local kindergarten dry after a year,Because I want to continue to improve their professional level,She choose to hebei university preschool education major undergraduate education.Last year,Get the bachelor degree of wang li came to Beijing,For now the kindergarten.

　　“刚来应聘的时候，园长看我是个本科生，对我寄予不少厚望，希望我能利用自己的专业知识多进行一些幼儿教育和幼儿心理方面的理论研究。我也觉得在一所一级幼儿园任教，园里的各方面管理都应该很专业、分工明确。可干起来才知道，因为园里老师太少，我几乎所有的时间都花在照看孩子上了，根本没有时间也没有精力去做自己原本想做的事。”王丽颇有些无奈地告诉记者，这跟她当初想得很不一样。

"Just here for the interview time,The principal see I'm a undergraduate,I placed a lot of satisfaction,Hope I can make use of their professional knowledge in some children education and early childhood mental aspects of the theoretical research.I also feel at a level at the kindergarten,All aspects of campus management should be very professional/A clear division of work.Can dry up just know,Because campus teacher too little,I almost all of the time is spent in taking care of children on the,No time also does not have the energy to do what you wanted to do."Wang li quite some helplessly told reporters,It was with her to be very different.

　　“如果仅仅是充当保育员的角色照看孩子倒也轻松，可我们每天还要上20分钟的教学课，这个时候，我们又要回归一个老师的角色，努力把课上得精彩、有趣。”因为王丽所在的幼儿园是北京市一类幼儿园，所以对老师的教学要求很高，而且各种教研课考试、评审不断。

"If is simply to serve as a nurse role but also easy to look after the children,Every day we can even twenty minutes on the lesson,This time,We have to return to a teacher's role,To make class well/interesting."Because wang li in the kindergarten is a kindergarten in Beijing,So to the teacher's teaching requirements is very high,And all kinds of research course and examination/Review constantly.

　　王丽说，平常的教学课还好，如果遇到评审类的课程，一堂课20分钟的内容她往往需要准备将近一个月的时间。从课程主题的确定、教材的选择、教案的设计、教具的制作等等，都需要自己完成。而评审时涉及的教师提问、幼儿反应、师幼互动、教师仪态及习惯性动作、教玩具制作及利用、场地布置、时间分配、整体理念等，也都有明确的评审标准。“这样的检查和评课基本上1到2个月就会有一次，别看只有20分钟，可需要准备的东西一点也不亚于中小学的大型公开课，老师们压力都很大。”

Wang li said,Ordinary lesson well,If meet the review class curriculum,Class twenty minutes content she often need to prepare nearly a month of time.The determination of the subject/Selection of teaching material/Lesson plan design/AIDS production and so on,All need to own work.And review involves teacher questions/Infant reaction/Teacher-children interaction/The teacher looks and habitual action/To teach the toy production and use/Site layout/Time distribution/Overall concept, etc,Also has a clear evaluation standard."Such inspection and established basically 1 to 2 months will have a,Although only twenty minutes,May need to prepare things is no less than middle and primary school of large public class,The teachers are very big pressure."

　　王丽告诉记者，其实她并不反对学校对她们的教学课高标准、严要求，毕竟老师们精心准备的课程和普通的教学确实效果不同，孩子们的反应也很好。但对于既要充当老师又要充当家长的幼儿教师来说，过于频繁的“精品”课程多少会让她们感到疲于应对。“其实要解决这个矛盾很简单，就是让幼师真正回归到‘教师’的身份上去，而不是身兼数职。”王丽说：“为什么幼师就不能像中小学老师那样按学科教学呢？这样老师们既可以根据自己的专长有针对性地进行教学，也可以避免因承担角色过多而力不从心。”

Wang li told reporters,Actually she is not against the school for their lesson high standards/Strict requirement,After all the teachers elaborate course and ordinary teaching really different effect,The children's reaction is also very good.But for should act as the teacher and to act as parents for preschool teachers,Too frequent"High-quality goods"How many courses will make them feel struggling to cope with."In trying to resolve this contradiction is very simple,Is to make the fine is real to return to‘The teacher’Identity up,Instead of multitasking."Wang li said:"Why can't fine like that of elementary and middle school teachers in teaching?So that the teachers can according to their own specialty teaching pertinently,Also can avoid the role and take too much ambition."

　　另外，除了要准备教学课，其他大量的课外工作也让王丽感到身心俱疲。每个月都要写的30本“家长联系册”、一个月就要换一次的墙饰和活动区装饰、每半年就要整理一次的“幼儿成长档案”……这些琐碎的工作根本没有可能在工作时间完成，于是也就成了王丽每天的“课外作业”。“如果你没做过这样的事情，一定体会不到我们在做的时候有多么的艰辛，那真是凝聚了老师很多的心血！”王丽告诉记者，其实每天带孩子并不是最累的，这些在课外付出的辛苦才是她们这些幼教老师说不出的疲倦。

In addition,In addition to prepare lesson,A host of other extracurricular work also let wang li feel tired.Every month to write 30 this"Parents journal"/A month will be in a wall act the role ofing and activity area decoration/Every half a year to finish one"Infant growth file"……These trivial work no may be in time to finish the work,So also became wang li everyday"homework"."If you don't do such a thing,Must have experience in less than we do how hard,It was condensed the teacher a lot of effort!"Wang li told reporters,In fact the children every day is not the most tired,These outside pay of hard is they the preschool education teacher say a tired.

　　

幼教老师的困惑：以后谁来教育孩子 Preschool education teacher's confusion:Who later to education child

　　11月底，王丽刚刚在河北老家举行了婚礼，可即使是这样的人生大事，她也不过只请了两天假。“班里人手不够，单位不让我请长假。”

By the end of November,Wang li has just in hebei hometown held a wedding,But even so life event,She also but only got two days off."Class shorthanded,Units do not let me take a long vacation."

　　作为一名热爱幼儿教育的老师，说起今后的打算，王丽的回答却令人吃惊。“要是明年我怀孕了，可能会选择暂时辞职休息。不是不喜欢这份工作，是实在干不了。”王丽说，因为工作强度大，加上各种压力，她所在的幼儿园很多老师在怀孕期间流产，最后不得不放弃这份工作，学校师资流失严重。

As a love child education teacher,Speak of the future plan,Wang li's answer is surprising."If the next year I'm pregnant,May choose to quit for rest.Don't like the job,Is really can do."Wang li said,Because the work intensity,Add various kinds of pressure,She in kindergarten many teachers in pregnant abortion,Finally had to give up the job,School teachers erosion is serious.

　　“别看我们工作辛苦，可待遇却不高。像我这样的本科生最近刚刚涨了工资，能拿到3200元，可这还是在全勤和班里没有出现安全事故的前提下。如果出了问题，就只能拿到2100元。现在的保姆工资是多少？他们就只管一个孩子的吃喝拉撒，我们要管30个孩子的吃喝拉撒，更重要的是还要保证教育质量，保证班级的每个孩子都不能出安全事故。”王丽无奈地说：“现在不是都在说收入倍增么？我们幼教老师什么时候才能拿到和付出成正比的工资啊。”

"Although we work hard,Can pay is not high.Be like me so of undergraduate recently risen salary,Can get 3200 yuan,But it still in good attendance and did not appear in the class under the premise of safety accidents.If a problem,Can only get 2100 yuan.Now the nurse salary is or how much?They will just a child's eat and drink pull scatter,We want to tube 30 children eat and drink pull scatter,More important is to ensure the quality of education,Ensure class every child can't out safety accidents."Wang li reluctantly said:"Now not all with said income doubling yao?We preschool education teacher when to get and pay is proportional to the salary."

　　除去工作上的辛苦不说，有时家长对幼师工作的不理解也让王丽颇为心寒。“现在家里都是一个孩子，每个孩子都是家长的心头肉，碰不得也说不得。稍微纠正一下孩子的坏习惯，就有可能被孩子‘告状’，受到家长斥责。”王丽对记者坦言，工作的辛苦和生活的压力一度让她对自己热爱的事业产生了怀疑。“有时候实在太累了，我就想，以后再也不干幼师了。我的家人也劝我，要不就找个别的工作。甚至我的同事有时也会抱怨：但凡有点能耐，也不干这行了。可是回头想想，要是连我们自己都不愿意干了，以后我们的孩子要由谁来教育呢？”

Eliminate work hard don't say,Sometimes parents to fine work don't understand also let wang li is chilling."Now home is a child,Every child is parents treasured flesh and blood,Touch someone's not also.A little correct the bad habits in a child,It is possible to be children‘at’,Rebuked by parents."Wang li said to reporters,Work hard and the pressure of life once let her love for their career suspicious."Sometimes really too tired,I just want to,Later any further not the fine.My family is also advised me,Or look for individual work.Even my colleague sometimes complain:In every case a little ability,Sometimes this line.But on second thought,Even if we do not want to do,Later we children who want to education??"

　　

幼师，一个需要重视和理解的群体 fine,A need to pay attention to and understanding of the group

　　因为承受了太多的压力，王丽也曾试着换个职业，但很多单位一看到她所学的专业就拒绝了她。“说起来很矛盾，一方面我们这个专业转行太难，因为找不到其他对口单位；可另一方面，这个行业又因缺口很大而急需人才。”

Because have suffered too much pressure,Wang li also tried to change a career,But a lot of unit a see her major is rejected her."Is a contradiction,On the one hand we this major turned too hard,I can not find the other units to mouth;On the other hand,The industry and because a gap in talent."

　　在王丽看来，目前幼儿教育首先要解决的问题，还是要将其有规划地纳入义务教育，并加大财政投入。“现在无论公立还是私立幼儿园，高收费带来的后果就是家长对幼儿园的要求越来越高，而没有人去真正关心这些压力背后教师的生存状态。”其次，是要改变社会对幼师这个群体的认知和态度。“比如最近发生的虐童事件，作为幼教老师，我们对这种行为也是非常不能容忍的，但它毕竟只是极个别现象，不能代表整个幼师群体的形象。”王丽希望家长们能多理解她们在帮助孩子养成好的行为规范时的一些做法，不要因为过分地关注和溺爱孩子，而对老师善意的管教横加指责。第三是要保障幼师的合法权益，包括合理的收入、应享有的休假权和生育权等。“其实，如果社会能够重视和了解幼师这个群体，相信老师们也会把自己全部的爱心奉献给孩子们。”王丽说。（奚冬琪）

In wang li seems to,At present preschool education must first solve the problem,Or will the planning in compulsory education,And increasing financial investment."Now whether public or private kindergarten,The consequences of high prices is to kindergarten parents demand more and more,And no one to really care about these pressure behind teacher's survival condition."secondly,Is to change the society to fine the group's cognitive and attitude."Such as the recent child abuse event,As a preschool education teacher,We have this kind of behavior is also very can't stand,But it after all is extremely individual phenomenon,Do not represent the whole fine group image."Wang li hope that parents can understand they help children develop good code of conduct some of the practices,Don't because of too much attention to and spoil the child,The teacher and the discipline of the goodwill all accused.The third is to safeguard the lawful rights and interests of the fine,Including reasonable income/Shall have the right to leave and reproductive rights, etc."In fact,If the society to pay attention to and understand fine this group,Believe that the teachers will give her all his love dedicated to the children."Wang li said.(XiDongQi)