上海方案挂钩居住证 Shanghai scheme hook residence permit

　　12月26日，上海市教委一位内部人士向记者透露，随迁子女在沪中高考改革方案将择机对外公布。

On December 26,,Shanghai municipal education commission an insider revealed to reporters,SuiQian children in HuZhong college entrance examination reform plan will be announced at the opportune time.

　　“此方案将为未来很多年外地务工人员随迁子女在上海中考和高考明确方向。”该人士表示，“居住证政策的正式稿虽然未公布，但方向是明确的。在户籍制度的基础上，对非上海户籍人员的管理，目前只能以居住证制度为依据，教育也不能例外。”

"This solution will be for the future years overseas workers SuiQian children in Shanghai tests and the entrance examination clearly direction."The people said,"Although the official version of unpublished residence policy,But the direction is clear.On the basis of household registration system,The management of non - Shanghai registered permanent residence staff,Now can only be based on the residence permit system,Education is not an exception."

　　据了解，上述人士言及的居住证制度即是已经完成征求意见程序的《上海市居住证管理办法（草案）》，该《草案》11月22日由上海市法制办公布并向社会公开征求意见，12月2日征集意见结束。记者从上海市政府法制办了解到，上海市政府法制办正会同其他有关部门，对征集的意见进行消化，但何时公布正式稿，尚无准确时间表。

It is understood,The personage says the residence permit system is finished for advice of the program[Measures for the administration of Shanghai residence permit(The draft)],the[The draft]On November 22, announced by the legislative affairs office of Shanghai and to the public for comments,On dec. 2, consultation in the end.The reporter understands from the legislative affairs office of Shanghai municipal government,The Shanghai municipal government, the legislative is jointly with other relevant departments,To collect the opinions of the digestion,But when released the official version,There is no accurate schedule.

　　《草案》规定，居住证实行积分制，通过设置指标体系，对每项指标赋予一定的分值。持《居住证》A证的来沪务工人员，其子女可以按规定在沪参加中考、高考；获《居住证》C证人员的随迁子女，按有关规定只能在沪参加全日制普通中等职业学校自主招生考试。

[The draft]Provisions of the,Residence permit a 积分制,By setting the index system,Must be given to each index of the score.the[Residence permit]A certificate of the migrant workers to Shanghai,Their children can be in accordance with the provisions in Shanghai to attend the tests/The university entrance exam;the[Residence permit]C card personnel SuiQian children,According to the relevant provisions can only be in Shanghai to attend full-time secondary vocational school recruitment of students test independently.

　　记者注意到，按照《草案》的规定，《居住证》A证和C证最大的区别除积分是否达到规定分值外，A证在办理时需提交学历、职称等相关证明，而C证则不需要。

The reporter noticed that,In accordance with the[The draft]The provisions of the,[Residence permit]A certificate and C certificate the biggest difference in addition to the points score meets the provisions,A certificate is required for A dealing with record of formal schooling/Title, etc,And C card shall not be required.

　　按照上海目前居住证办理的有关规定，《居住证》A证也就是国内人才引进类居住证，审核实行按要素计分制；而C证则是一般居住证，针对普通外来从业人员；对留学人员，还有人才引进类居住证B证。

In accordance with the relevant provisions of the Shanghai residence permit for the,[Residence permit]A card that is domestic talent introduction of residence permit,Review a elements according to the scoring system;And C card is generally residence permit,In view of the common foreign employees;To study abroad,And talent introduction of residence permit card. B.

　　按照2013年上海高考报名条件的要求，9类非沪户籍考生可以在沪高考，其中两类就是持有效期1年（含1年）以上引进人才类《居住证》A证和B证人员的子女，同时须上海高中阶段学校毕业。也就是说，持有一般居住证C证人员的子女是不能在沪参加高考的。

According to the requirements of the 2013 Shanghai college entrance examination condition signing up,9 of non - Shanghai household register examinee can in Shanghai college entrance examination,Two classes is a valid for 1 year(Of 1 year)Above introduction of talents[Residence permit]A certificate and B certificate of children,At the same time must be Shanghai high school school.That is to say,Hold general residence C card children can't be in Shanghai to attend the university entrance exam.

　　因此《草案》中关于非沪籍人员子女在沪高考的资格与现行高考政策并无太大不同。

so[The draft]中关于非沪籍人员子女在沪The university entrance exam的资格与现行The university entrance exam政策并无太大不同.

　　上述规定引发了很多人的不满，近日，来自北京、江西、江苏、河南、山东等8省份的13位律师联名致信上海市教委等多部门，认为“居住证区分随迁子女是再歧视”。

The above provisions by a lot of people's discontent,recently,From Beijing/jiangxi/jiangsu/henan/Shandong 8 provinces such as 13 lawyers joint letter of Shanghai municipal education commission and other departments,认为"Residence distinction SuiQian children is discrimination".

　　记者还了解到，上海即将出台的中高考改革方案对在沪务工人员的工作年限也做出了一定要求。

Reporters also learned,Shanghai would be the ZhongGaoKao fixed number of year of the reforms on the work of migrant workers in Shanghai also made certain requirements.

攻坚“北上广” A crucial"North guang"

　　2012年8月30日，教育部、国家发改委等多部委联合下发了《关于做好进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试工作的意见》，要求各省、自治区、直辖市有关随迁子女升学考试的方案原则上应于2012年底前出台。

On August 30, 2012,The ministry of education/The national development and reform commission and other ministries jointly issued[Preparation for migrant workers SuiQian children accept compulsory education in local entrance exam after work],Urging provinces/Autonomous region/Municipalities directly under the central government concerned SuiQian children's entrance examination scheme in principle should be mapped out in 2012 by the end of the year.

　　截至12月27日，全国已有9省（区、市）异地高考方案出炉，其中，黑龙江、安徽、新疆、重庆、河北、湖南六省区市将确定在2013年正式实施异地高考方案，而山东、福建、江西三省将在2014年开始实施。

By the end of December 27,,Nine provinces across the country had been(area/The city)Different college entrance examination scheme,Among them,heilongjiang/anhui/Xinjiang uygur autonomous region/chongqing/hebei/Hunan provincial 6 will determine officially implemented different college entrance examination in 2013,The shandong province/福建/Jiangxi province will be started in 2014.

　　但和上海一样，北京、广东的方案也至今未出。

But same as Shanghai,Beijing/Guangdong also not out of the scheme.

　　12月25日和26日，广东和北京的教育部门先后通过媒体以发布专家意见的方式，向外界表达了“随迁子女就地升学考试需稳妥推进”的声音。

December 25 and 26,The education department of guangdong and Beijing has released through the media to the expert advice,To show the outside world"SuiQian children entrance examination on the spot to be steady"The voice of the.

　　广东专家认为，“异地高考”要考虑现实承载能力，应稳妥推进，并合理设置门槛。据悉，广东异地高考方案正在等待省政府审批。

Guangdong experts say,"Different college entrance examination"To consider the reality,Should be steady,And reasonable set threshold.It is reported,Guangdong foreign college entrance examination program is waiting for the provincial government for approval.

　　在北京市教委组织召开的专家座谈会上，专家称，保障非京籍随迁子女的受教育权利，公平配置教育资源，是方案应当坚持的原则和方向。不过，北京城市资源环境的承载能力，客观上成为制约异地高考问题解决的一大瓶颈。

Held in the Beijing municipal education commission organization of experts forum,Experts say,Security - Beijing - SuiQian children's right to receive education,A fair allocation of education resources,Is plan should adhere to the principles and direction.but,The bearing capacity of the Beijing city resources and the environment,Objectively become different college entrance examination one of the bottleneck of the problem solving.

　　有专家也坦言，如果异地高考方案对社会释放过高预期，可能会出现为分享优质教育资源而举家迁移来京、“教育福利拉动型”人口增长，到时不管是京籍还是非京籍，所有孩子受教育权利的实现都会打折扣，那将是一个没有“胜利者”的最差结局。

Experts also said,If other college entrance examination plan release too high expectations to the society,May appear to share the high quality education resources and moved to Beijing/"Education welfare driven"The population growth,Then whether Beijing - or non - Beijing,All children the realization of the right to receive education,It would be a no"The winner"The worst outcome.

　　上海市教委相关人士表示，上海不能比照黑龙江等省份的低门槛，即使教育部要求各地制定随迁子女升学考试方案，也并不意味着全面放开。“上海作为国际化大都市，只有北京与其有可比性。高考改革方案不是建议一下就能放开的，要根据各个地方的城市资源情况稳步推进。”

Shanghai municipal education commission relevant personage says,Shanghai can't according to heilongjiang province such as low threshold,Even if the ministry of education requires all formulated SuiQian children entrance examination,Also does not mean completely let go."Shanghai as an international metropolis,Only Beijing and have comparability.College entrance examination reform plan not suggest to let go,According to the different parts of the city resources situation steadily."

　　异地高考主要分成两类情况，一类是“就地高考”，即虽然户籍不在流入地，但子女随父母长年在流入地就读，随之产生在流入地高考的需求；一类是“高考移民”，即考生为了达到上大学或者上好大学的目的，主动地向录取分数线比较低、录取率比较高的省份流动。

Different college entrance examination is mainly divided into two categories,One kind is"College entrance examination on the spot",That although census register is not defined,But children with parents elder in defined,Resulting in defined the demand of the college entrance examination;One kind is"College entrance examination immigration",Namely the examinee in order to achieve the goal of the university or a good university,Actively to admit fractional line is low/Acceptance rates higher provinces.

　　而无论是哪种情况，如果彻底放开异地高考，北上广都将承受不小的压力。京沪教育资源丰富，且录取率远远高于全国平均水平。教育部门的公开资料显示，2012年，北京一本录取率超27%，上海超20%，而全国的平均水平大约在8.5%。京沪的这一优势将首先迎来“高考移民”，广东作为外来务工人员流入第一大省也会面临巨大压力。

But either way,If completely let go beyond the college entrance examination,North guang will inherit a lot of pressure.Shanghai abundant education resources,And acceptance rate is much higher than the national average.Education department of the public data shows,In 2012,,Beijing the acceptance rate over 27%,Shanghai super 20%,And the national average of about 8.5%.Shanghai will be the first to have the advantage"College entrance examination immigration",Guangdong as migrant workers into the first big province also will face great pressure.

制度利益博弈 System of interest game

　　除了城市承载能力的现实考量，在教育资源公平分配问题上，外来务工人员的诉求更多是希望自己的孩子与户籍孩子拥有平等的受教育的权利和机会，而这又在一定程度上触碰到了户籍人口的切身利益，成为重要的博弈点。

In addition to the bearing capacity of city realistic considerations,In the education fair distribution of resources,The appeals of the migrant workers are more hope that their children with household children have the equal right to education and opportunity,To some extent, which touches the vital interests of the population,Become an important point of the game.

　　目前，我国高校招生体制实行的是分省按计划集中录取，这一由计划经济时代延续下来的录取制度，很长时间以来一直屡遭诟病，其中一个弊端就是在一定程度上造成了地域间招生计划的不均等。

At present,,College enrollment system in China is the centralized admissions as planned,It lasted from the planned economy era of the admission system,Since a long time have been reviled,One of the disadvantages is to a certain extent caused the inequality of regional recruitment plan.

　　“目前大学招生地域歧视是非常严重的，本地大学对当地考生投放了比平均水平高得多的名额，北大、清华等也不例外。当然在其他地方，像上海、江苏、浙江、湖北等，这种地方保护的程度比北京更严重。”异地高考的呼吁者、北京大学法学院教授张千帆表示。

"At present, college admissions regional discrimination is very serious,Local university on the local candidates on the quota of people is much taller than average,Peking University/Tsinghua university and so on are no exception.Of course in other places,Like Shanghai/jiangsu/zhejiang/Hubei, etc,This place the degree of protection is more serious than Beijing."Different for the college entrance examination/Peking University law school professor ZhangQianFan said.

　　以北京大学2012年招生计划为例，北京、上海、广东当年高考人数分别是7.3万人、5.5万人、65.5万人，但北京大学在三个省市的计划招生人数（不含医科、保送生）分别为396、30和34人，差别巨大。

With an example of university enrollment plan in 2012 in Beijing,Beijing/Shanghai/Guangdong college entrance examination is 73000 people/55000 people/655000 people,But Beijing university the number of plan recruit students in three provinces and cities(Does not contain the medical/unripe)Respectively for 396/30 and 34 people,Big differences.

　　“就随迁子女就读地高考问题而言，直接与它相关的两个关键点一是现有的户籍制度；二是现在实行的计划招生体制。若向深层追问，全国范围内教育发展的不均衡以及接受高等教育的权利和机会不平等才是问题的症结所在。”中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖向记者表示。

"In terms of SuiQian children attend to college entrance examination questions,Directly related to its two key one is the existing household registration system;2 it is now a planned enrollment system.If to deep,Nationwide imbalance of the development of the education and the chance of receiving higher education rights and inequality is the crux of the problem."The Chinese institute of education sciences reservoir from zhaohui told reporters.

　　储朝晖认为，不下系统的体制变革工夫，仅仅依靠各省市制定接收随迁子女就读地高考的方案是赋权与责任不相称的，也无法从根本上解决问题，若把握不当还会激化矛盾。

Reservoir from zhaohui think,Not the system reform of the system,Only by provinces and cities for receiving SuiQian children studying in the university entrance exam of the scheme is not commensurate empowerment and responsibility,Can't fundamentally solve the problem,Improper grasp will also sharpened contradictions.

　　21世纪教育研究院副院长熊丙奇也认为，解决北上广等地的异地高考问题，应发挥国家主导作用，由国家制订开放的基本门槛，并根据这一门槛条件协调各地的招生录取指标，为地方开放异地高考创造条件。

In the 21 st century education research institute vice-president XiongBingJi also think,Solve the problem of different college entrance examination in the land of north guang, etc,Should play the leading role,By the state for open the basic threshold,And according to the threshold condition of coordination in all parts of the enrollment,Create conditions for local open different college entrance examination.

　　 北京市教委建议:非京籍高考生回户籍地报名

The Beijing municipal education commission proposal: non - Beijing high examinee to assess

　　 四部委将派员赴北京上海广东督查异地高考方案

Supervision and other four ministries will witness Beijing Shanghai guangdong college entrance examination

　　北京广东外地户籍高考考生明年不能就地报名

Beijing guangdong nonlocal census register examinee college entrance examination next year can't register on-site

　　教育部督促京沪粤落实异地高考 明年两会前落实

The ministry of education to supervise the beijing-shanghai guangdong implement different before the college entrance examination next year two meetings

其他各省市进展： Other provinces and cities:

　　深圳发布2013高考借考通知：异地高考无望

Shenzhen issued 2013 college entrance examination JieKao notice:Different college entrance examination hopeless

　　黑龙江启动异地高考报名 已189名考生符合条件

Heilongjiang start other 189 examinee college entrance examination enrollment is qualified

　　重庆不允许外地高考生和户籍考生异地借考

Chongqing don't allow other candidates and census register examinee JieKao in strange land

　　安徽异地中高考方案对考生不设户籍门槛

Anhui foreign ZhongGaoKao scheme of candidates do not set the threshold

　　江西异地高考方案后年实施 外省户籍仍回原籍

Jiangxi college entrance examination in a strange city my clother procure me scheme year provincial census register is still an ancestral home

　　辽宁实施异地高考最早时间要等到2014年

Liaoning implement different college entrance examination at the earliest time to wait until 2014

　　湖南异地高考政策：户籍与学籍冲突以学籍为主

Hunan foreign policy of the university entrance exam:Census register conflict with status is given priority to with status

　　15省区市年底前出台异地高考细则

15 what issued before the end of the different rules in the college entrance examination