日前，国务院转发了教育部等四部委《关于做好进城务工人员随迁子女接受义务教育后在当地参加升学考试工作的意见》。作为高考制度改革的一项重要内容，流动人口子女在流入地城市参加高考，即所谓“异地高考”的改革终于正式启动。

a,The ministry of education of the state council forward four ministries and commissions[The preparation for migrant workers SuiQian children receive compulsory education after the local attend school entrance examination opinions].The college entrance examination system reform as an important content,Children of the floating population in defined the city to participate in college entrance examination,Is called"Different college entrance examination"The reform finally official start.

　　这一改革的重要性、迫切性众所周知。伴随工业化、城市化进程出现的农业劳动力转移、人口向城镇的流动和集中，是社会现代化的基本特征，也是我国社会发展和改革的重要目标。“异地高考”困境突显的是在城市化进程中制度变革的严重滞后。流动人口无疑享有宪法赋予的平等权利，然而，迄今为止我国包括卫生、教育、养老等各种基本公共服务的制度安排，都是建立在城乡分治的户籍制度之上，是在没有人口流动的时代形成的。因而，“异地高考”难题的破解，主要是城乡分治的户籍制度、教育资源按户籍人口配置的管理制度、流动人口管理制度等的改善和突破，很大程度上是“功夫在教育之外”。根本解决的方案是在促进城乡统筹发展的框架中，使符合条件的外来人口“入籍”成为新市民。这一改革需要巨大的勇气和智慧，需要公安、人口、城市规划等部门和全社会的共同参与。

The importance of this reform/Urgent as is known to all.With industrialization/In the urbanization process of agricultural labor force shift/The population of the town to flow and concentration,Is the basic characteristics of social modernization,China is the social development and the important goal of reforming the."Different college entrance examination"Trouble highlight is in the process of urbanization system change the serious lag.No doubt the floating population enjoy constitutional equal rights,however,So far our country including health/education/Endowment, etc. Various kinds of basic public service system arrangement,All is based on the household registration system, rural and urban areas above,In the era of no population flow formed.therefore,"Different college entrance examination"Crack problem,Mainly is the rural and urban areas of the household registration system/Education resources according to census register population configuration management system/Floating population management system improvement and breakthrough,Is to a great extent"Kung fu in education outside".Fundamentally solved scheme is in promoting the balanced urban and rural development in the framework of,To meet the conditions of the floating population"naturalization"Become new citizens.This reform need great courage and wisdom,Need public security/population/Urban planning and other departments and everyone in our society.

　　以开放性、前瞻性的改革思维，有序地向流动人口开放义务教育之外的学前教育、职业教育、高中教育和在流入地参加高考，是社会改革的大势所趋。积极稳妥地推进这一工作，制定具体办法的重任落到了地方政府肩上。重要的原则是因地制宜，各地根据自身的资源和实际情况，综合流入者的职业、居住、参保状况，以及随迁子女在当地连续就学年限等情况，设置一个适当的准入“门槛”。国家在宏观层面上通过调剂高考招生指标，平衡城市户籍人口与外来人口的利益，为地方改革提供保障，是一个具有创新性的举措。

To open/Forward-looking reform thinking,Orderly to the floating population open education obligations outside of the preschool education/Vocational education/In high school education and defined the attend the university entrance exam,Is the social reform the trend of The Times.Actively and steadily push forward the work,Formulate specific measures for the responsibility of local government fell on her shoulders.Important principle is adjust measures to local conditions,According to their own all the resources and actual situation,Integrated into the career/live/Ginseng protect condition,And SuiQian children learn in local continuous fixed number of year, etc,Set up a proper access"threshold".Countries in the macro level through the dispensing college entrance examination enrollment index,Balance urban household population and the interests of the migrant population,For local reform to provide security,Is a innovative measures.

　　值得关注的是，以珠三角的城市为代表的一大批在改革开放后形成的经济发达的新兴城市，其户籍人口仍保持改革之前的极小规模，形成户籍人口与流动人口严重倒挂的不合理局面。在这些城市，加快流动人口成为新市民的进程，是早就应该做的事。如果一大批新兴城市、省会城市较大程度地放开“异地高考”，就会缓解特大城市的压力，并提供解决这一难题的实践经验，形成有利于改革的大环境。山东省已经率先宣布开放“异地高考”，带了一个好头。虽然山东不是“异地高考”的热点地区，但其主动改革的积极性仍然具有示范意义。

There is concern,In pearl river delta cities as a representative of a large number of in the reform and opening up to the formation of the economic developed new city,The census register population remain before the reform of the minimum scale,Formation of the floating population census register population and serious fuchsia unreasonable situation.In these cities,To speed up the floating population become the process of new citizens,Is it should do.If a large number of emerging city/Capital city better let go"Different college entrance examination",Will relieve the pressure of extra large city,And offer solutions to the problem of practical experience,The reform of the formation is beneficial to environment.Shandong province has announced the opening"Different college entrance examination",With a good start.Although shandong is not"Different college entrance examination"Hot region of the,But its active reform is still the enthusiasm of demonstration significance.

　　在矛盾最为突出的北京、上海等特大城市，其真实的担忧是对城市人口规模的控制。对此，需要建立城市发展的战略性思维，打破画地为牢、不切实际的计划经济思维。一方面需要认识人口流动趋势的长期性，在长三角经济区、京津冀经济区和城市带的概念中认识未来城市发展，主要通过调整城市规划，减少、分散城市功能来调控核心区的人口。与此同时，积极探索建立以常住人口为准的公共服务提供机制，使城市在价值理念和管理水平上达到与经济发展相适应的现代化程度。这样，“异地高考”改革就有可能成为撬动城市综合改革的一个重要契机。

The most prominent contradiction in Beijing/Shanghai megapolis,The real concern is for the urban population scale control.this,Need to build urban development strategic thinking,Break restrict your activities to a designated area/Unrealistic planned economy thinking.On the one hand you need to know what the population flow trend of the long-term,In the Yangtze river delta economic zone/Beijing-tianjin-hebei economic zone and the concept of urban belt know in the future urban development,Mainly through the adjustment of urban planning,reduce/Dispersion urban function to adjust and control the core area of the population.meanwhile,Actively explore establish a permanent population of subject public service mechanism,Make the city in the value idea and the management level and economic development to adapt to the modernization degree.this,"Different college entrance examination"Reform may be pry the city's comprehensive reform is an important opportunity.

　　(来源:中国教育报)

(Source: China education report)