前几天北京下大雪时，海淀区某中学操场被厚厚的白雪覆盖，很多学生很兴奋，课间休息时也要下楼过一把“玩雪瘾”。不过，这天20分钟的课间操被学校“暂停了”，校领导要求班主任组织同学在班里自习，理由也很简单，“为学生的安全着想”。

A few days ago Beijing heavy snow,Haidian district, a school playground covered by thick snow,Many students excited,Break when also want to go downstairs"Play with snow addiction".but,Day 20 minutes of lesson hold by school"A pause",The school leader asked the teacher organization students self-study in the class,Reason is very simple also,"For the sake of the safety of the students".

　　“也挺矛盾的，我们家长知道老师是为了孩子好，怕孩子摔了碰了。我们小时候，越是这种天气越要在外面活动，堆雪人、打雪仗多有意思啊。”儿子在这所中学念书的张女士说。

"Also very contradiction,We know that the teacher is good for children,Afraid of children fell to touch.When I was a child we,The more the more this kind of weather outside activities,Make a snowman/Snowball fights how interesting."Son in the school, ms. Zhang said.

　　一场大雪让孩子们只能在教室里上体育课了，张女士说，儿子坐在教室里，心里总想着操场上的雪。“现在学校要把学生安全放在第一位，有时候家长也想让孩子多玩儿、多锻炼，但是狠不心来”。

A heavy snow let the children have to physical education classes in the classroom,Ms. Zhang said,Son sitting in the classroom,Heart always thinking of snow on the playground."Now school to students' safety in the first place,Sometimes parents also want to let the child play more/Exercise more,But not malicious heart".

　　同一天上午，北京五中分校的500多名初三学生，却在雪地中完成了12公里的远足锻炼。校长杨春林说，学校的奥林匹克公园远足计划早就定好了，没想到“天公作美下了雪”。

On the same day in the morning,Beijing branch of the sixteenth central committee of more than 500 grade 3 students,But the snow completed 12 km hike in exercise.The headmaster 杨春林 said,School of the Olympic park hiking plan booked already,I didn't know"But the United States under the snow".

“校长体育”引发制度改革 "The principal sports"A system reform

　　由于“天公作美”，当天上午杨春林“推掉”了学校的行政工作，和学生们一起享受体育运动的快乐。

Due to the"But the United States",杨春林 day morning"Put off"The school administration,Together with the students enjoy the pleasure of sports.

　　“我本来想陪孩子们走半程就回学校，但最终和他们一起走完了12公里。第二天我还觉得腿有点儿疼，可孩子们特别快乐。”杨春林说，“有个学生跟我说，从来没有这么快乐地在雪地里面运动过。这种运动不光让学生的身体得到了锻炼，对他们的心理压力也是一种释放。”

"I wanted to accompany children go first went to school,But in the end, and together they walked 12 km.Leg of the next day I still feel a little pain,But the children, very happy."杨春林 said,"A student said to me,Never been so happy in the snow sports.This sport not only for students of physical exercise are obtained,To their psychological pressure is also a kind of release."

　　五中分校规定，每周五下午不给初三学生安排文化课，体育教师带着即将面临中考的同学去学校附近的地坛体育场进行体育锻炼。在杨春林看来，“这是学生的需要”。

Understanding of regulation,Every Friday afternoon don't arrange of literacy class to grade 3 students,Physical education teachers with the impending tests the students go to school near the ditan having their physical training in the stadium.It seems to 杨春林,"This is the needs of the students".

　　“学生的身心健康在学校全面发展的评价体系中，一定是第一位的。如果学校在办学理念上有这样的定位，那么接下来的所有问题都不是困难。”杨春林说。

"The physical and mental health of students in the evaluation system of the all-round development of school,It must be the first.If the school running concept on the positioning,Then all the problems are not difficult."杨春林 said.

　　学校领导层对体育运动的认识和理解，已经成为校园体育锻炼风气浓厚与否的先决条件位于宁夏石嘴山市的宁夏平罗五中，在这方面有着“得天独厚”的优势。

School leadership of the understanding and the understanding of sports,Has become a prerequisite of campus sports atmosphere thick or not in ningxia shizuishan of ningxia PingLuo understanding,Has in this respect"unique"The advantage of.

　　“我1994年读宁夏体育运动学校，学校属于中专，我学的是射击专业，那时候念书念得比较艰苦。”宁夏平罗五中副校长莫莉华至今还保持着运动员的开朗性格，“毕业后又从事体育教学，在工作的过程中逐渐爱上了这一行。我开始尝试学习更多项目，比如羽毛球、乒乓球，体会真的很明显，不光身体素质提高了，意志品质也坚强了许多，体育运动对性格方面的锻炼就更不用说了。”

"I read in 1994 in ningxia sports school,The school belongs to the technical secondary school,I learn the professional shooting,At the time of studying very hard."Ningxia PingLuo sixteenth central committee, vice President of MoLiHua still keep cheerful character of the athletes,"After graduation, engaged in sports teaching,In the process of the work gradually fell in love with this line.I began to try to learn more,Such as badminton/Table tennis,Feel really obvious,Not only physical quality improved,Willpower is much strong,Sports for exercise not to mention the character."

　　如果不是有一位体育专业出身的副校长，或许平罗五中的体育教育会是完全不同的一种情况。平罗五中有500余名初中学生，学校共有12个班。学校地处城乡接合部，学生生源复杂，个性特征差异明显，学校面积不大，没有操场，几乎没有任何大力发展体育运动的外部有利因素。

If not there is a sports professional background of vice President,Perhaps PingLuo five sports in the educational association is a totally different situation.PingLuo 5, there are more than 500 junior middle school students,A total of 12 classes at school.The school is located in the urban and rural joints,Students come from complicated,Personality differences,The area is not large,Not on the playground,There is almost no external advantages to develop sports.

　　“其实，学生普遍喜欢课外活动、喜欢体育锻炼，前提是学校要精心组织、合理安排体育活动。”莫莉华说，“我们学校体育方面得不到什么拨款，我们主要根据实际情况安排大课间的体育锻炼，主要是跳绳。”

"In fact,Students generally like extracurricular activities/Like sports,Premise is school organization/Reasonable arrangement of sports activities."MoLiHua said,"Our school sports get any funding,We mainly according to the actual situation to arrange big break of physical exercise,Mainly is the skip rope."

　　“大课间”是上午两节课之后的课间操时间，学校为“大课间”留出30分钟，几乎相当于一节体育加课。这个学期“大课间”的主题活动是跳绳，在热身运动之后，多种形式的跳绳活动就要陆续开始。仅双人跳绳这一项，就有“找朋友”、“手拉手”、“黄金搭档”、“双燕展翅”四种难易程度不一的玩法。

"Big break"Is the lesson hold time after two classes in the morning,The school for"Big break"Set aside 30 minutes,Almost equivalent to a sports and lesson.This semester"Big break"The theme of the activity is jumping rope,After the warm-up,Various forms of activities for the skip rope will be soon.Only double skip this one,There will be"Look for a friend"/"Hand in hand"/"Gold partner"/"Double yan wings"Four kinds of different degree of difficulty of the play.

　　"大课间’已经坚持4年了，现在每年我们学生体质健康测试的达标率都在95%以上。”莫莉华说，“其实‘大课间’的意义并不仅仅在于让学生动起来，更重要的是通过体育锻炼培养他们的意志品质，增强学校的凝聚力，同时又给学校工作带来活力，让学校形成积极向上的风气。”

"Big break’Has been adhere to the four years,Now every students' physical fitness test of our success rate above 95%."MoLiHua said,"In fact‘Big break’Move is not only the meaning of the students,More important is through the physical exercise develop and cultivate their character,Enhance the cohesion of the school,At the same time bring to school work,Let the school form the positive atmosphere."

“应试体育”陷入理念误区 "Takes an exam sports"Into the idea

　　“学校体育从校长抓起”，这在当前教育制度下无可厚非。事实上，也正是校长们意识到体育锻炼的重要性之后，校园体育的开展才变得顺畅起来。不过，在一些教育专家看来，此举并非长久之策。“校长体育”概念中需要警惕的恰恰是“校长意志”在校园体育发展长期规划中的“被动性”。

"School sports grab from the principal",In the current education system.As a matter of fact,It is also the headmaster after they realize the importance of exercise,The development of campus sports will become smooth.but,It seems to some education experts,It is not for a long time."The principal sports"Concept is in need of vigilance"The headmaster will"In the long-term planning in the development of the campus sports"passive".

　　似曾相识的前车之鉴就是“市长足球”。“市长足球”出现在中国足球职业联赛改革初期，足球的巨大影响力和“城市名片”效应，使城市行政领导对足球的重视程度与日俱增。但近20年来的足球实践表明，过于强调“市长”的“市长足球”，其生命力堪称“脆弱”。比如缔造过中国足坛辉煌时代的大连实德足球俱乐部正在履行注销程序，而2010年干脆由重庆市足球运动管理中心独资组建的重庆足球俱乐部（重庆FC），也正在离开重庆迁往青海的途中。

Familiar the lessons drawn from others' mistakes"The mayor of football"."The mayor of football"In professional football league in China at the beginning of the reform,The great influence and football"Urban business card"Effect of the,The city administrative leadership increasing emphasis of football.But over the past 20 years of football practice,Too much emphasis on"The mayor"the"The mayor of football",The life is"fragile".Such as to create a glorious era of Chinese football rooting for shide, dalian football club is the cancellation procedures,And 2010 simply by chongqing football management center is a wholly owned by chongqing football club(Chongqing FC),Also is on the way to leave chongqing moved to qinghai.

　　“目前的实际情况是，很多学校重视体育课的原因是为了通过体育考试。”北京育才学校副校长刘树棣说，“现在中考体育占40分，这个比重很高。所以，初中阶段体育工作开展就比较顺利，但是体育跟高考不挂钩，学生对体育会考的重视程度很差，不少家长给孩子开免考的假证明，就是为了让孩子‘挪用’体育锻炼的时间。”

"The current actual situation is,Many schools pay attention to the cause of physical education in order to pass the physical test."Beijing at yu CAI middle school vice principal LiuShuDi said,"Mid-term exam sports now account for 40 minutes,The proportion of high.so,Middle school sports work is smooth,But sports does not link with the university entrance exam,The attention of the students of physical examination level is very poor,Many parents give children open body of proof,Just to let the child‘divert’Physical exercise time."

　　“校长体育”的重大隐患，还在于随之而来的“应试体育”的暗潮涌动。记者在采访中发现，诸多表态“一定大力发展校园体育”的校长，同时都希望“将体育纳入学校工作考评标准”，“用‘中考’和‘高考’指挥棒来促进学校体育”。在教育界专家看来，“应试体育”的短期效应或许令人满意，但长期效应却难言乐观。

"The principal sports"The significant hidden danger,Is followed"Takes an exam sports"The undercurrent surging.Reporter in the interview,Many comment"Must vigorously develop the campus physical education"The principal of,At the same time hope"Incorporate sports school work for examination and assessment standard","with‘tests’and‘The university entrance exam’Baton to promote the school sports".Experts believe in education,"Takes an exam sports"The short-term effects of perhaps is satisfactory,But long-term effects unaccountable optimism.

　　“对学生体质的评价，政府方面可能会将其纳入高考和中考体系中，但学校对学生也应该有一套自己的评价办法。除了体质健康标准，仅仅用体育运动能力来评价一个学生也不全面。”上海川沙中学校长邱永飞说，“有些体质好的同学不努力、不练习，体育考试成绩还是很好。但对有些同学来说，有的标准根本无法达到，这只会让他们产生消极态度。所以，评价应该是一个过程，不能仅仅停留在考试成绩上。比如三级跳远，有的学生轻松一跳就是9米，有的学生再怎么练也就能跳到6米。我们不能简单地认定6米就不及格，如果他练习的课时够了，我认为也可以给及格。所以，一个科学的评价体系，可能对学校体育工作的开展有着更深远的影响。”

"For the evaluation of students' physique,The government may shall incorporate it into the entrance examination and system,But the school also should have their own evaluation method for students.In addition to physical health standard,Only with sports ability to evaluate a student is not comprehensive."Shanghai chuansha high school principal QiuYongFei said,"Some physical good classmate don't work hard/Don't practice,Physical exam achievement is very good.But for some students,Some standard can't reach,It will only let them produce negative attitude.so,Evaluation should be a process,Can't just stay on the test scores.Such as the triple jump,Some students easily jump is 9 meters,Some students again how practice also can jump 6 meters.We can't simply as 6 meters will fail,If he practice time enough,I think can also to pass the exam.so,A scientific evaluation system,Might be in the school sports work has a more profound influence."

“终身体育”塑造价值观念 "The lifelong PE"Shape the values

　　究竟什么理论才有资格真正成为推动学校体育蓬勃发展的基础理论？

What theories are eligible really become the basic theory of the vigorous development of school sports?

　　“我们搞学校体育的理想目标，是让孩子们在义务教育阶段接受‘终身体育’教育，让他们能够在学习、工作和生活的过程中始终坚持体育锻炼。”北京体育大学教授、学校体育教研室主任王华倬告诉记者，“‘终身体育’这个概念是在20世纪80年代体育改革和发展过程中形成的，是现代社会发展的需要。如果没有终身锻炼的习惯，整个社会的进步就会受到很大影响。”

"We have the ideal goal of school physical education,Is to let the children accept compulsory education stage‘The lifelong PE’education,Let them to be able to learn/The process of work and life always insist on physical training."Beijing sports university professor/Wang hua, director of the school sports teaching Zhuo told reporters,"‘The lifelong PE’This concept is in the process of reform and development of sports in the 1980 s,Is the needs of the development of modern society.If you don't have the habit of lifelong exercise,The progress of the whole society will be affected by a lot."

　　“终身体育”意味着在义务教育阶段养成锻炼习惯，在成人之后仍能长期保持。体育运动对于人、城市乃至国家和民族的性格塑造，都有其积极的意义。

"The lifelong PE"Means in the obligation education stage exercise habit,After the adult can still be kept for a long time.Sports for people/City and country and national character,Has its positive significance.

　　“我们教育体制中很大一部分是效仿苏联的，现在我们发现，很多国家都在进行教育体制改革。比如俄罗斯，2010年俄罗斯要求所有中小学下午3点以后不许上文化课，政府按照体育、科技、音乐等类别分设10类课程，学生可以按照自己的兴趣去任何开课的地方接受相应的教育。下午3点到5点这两个小时的教育资源国家出资，学生免费。反观我们的孩子，却要承受更多的学习压力。”北京市教委体卫艺处处长王东江说，“俄罗斯这种做法，就是为了让孩子在学生阶段养成一个爱好，我们也在组织教育专家研究2013年应该怎么做。”

"A large part of our education system is to follow the Soviet union,Now we found that,Many countries in education reform.Such as Russia,In 2010 Russia requires that all primary and secondary schools of literacy class at 3 PM later not to,The government in accordance with the physical/Science and technology/Music such as category set up 10 courses,Students can according to your own interest to go to any place in which course to accept the education.At 3 PM to 5 PM this two hours of the capital contribution from the state education resources,Students free of charge.In our children,But want to learn more about under pressure."The Beijing municipal education commission body WeiYi commissioner WangDongJiang said,"Russia this kind of practice,Stage is in order to let the child in the student to develop a hobby,We are in organization education experts study in 2013 should do."

　　无论是在现阶段发挥着重要作用的“校长体育”还是“应试体育”，其意义都在于为培养学生“终身体育”的理念作出铺垫和过渡。只有全社会清楚地认识到“终身体育”可以成为自我个体“终身受益”的保障，“少年强则国强”的美好愿望才有希望成为现实。记者 郭剑）

Whether it is at this stage play an important role"The principal sports"or"Takes an exam sports",Its meaning is to cultivate students"The lifelong PE"The idea of a matting and transition.Only the whole society to realize clearly"The lifelong PE"Can be the individual self"Lifelong benefit"The security of,"Young strong the country strong"The good wish have a chance to become reality.The reporter GuoJian)