为了让孩子能够进入“优质学校”，家长“八仙过海，各显神通”，择校成为整个家庭人力、物力和各种社会关系的总动员

In order to let the child to enter"High school",parents"way,The situation",Will become the whole family/Material resources and all kinds of social relations of general mobilization

　　每周五下午4时许，等不到下班的时间，张勇（化名）便挤在中关村南一街的人群中，张望着儿子走出校门。周末晚上，等待他的，是带领四年级的儿子去附近一家培训机构上奥数班今年8月，北京市教育部门已经叫停了奥数班，但风头一过，情形依然。

Every Friday afternoon 4 when xu,Wait till after work time,Zhang yong(The allotted time periods specified by the)They crowded crowd in zhongguancun south street,Looking son out of school.The weekend in the evening,Waiting for him,Is leading to a nearby, the son of grade four training institutions in the Olympic math class in August,Beijing education department has called the Olympic math class,But the limelight after,Situation is still.

　　急匆匆和孩子找一家菜馆扒完晚饭，张勇带着孩子挤进一个能容纳数百人的阶梯教室，四五十个孩子坐在最前面，六七十名家长坐在后排，“有些孩子甚至是双亲陪读。”张勇和众多家长一样，挥动着手里的笔，比前排的孩子更怕漏掉重点。

Hurried and children find a restaurant steak dinner,Zhang took the children packed into a can accommodate hundreds of people are the ladder of the classroom,Odd change children sitting in the front,60 of the parents sat in the back,"Some children even parents or relatives can apply for."Zhang yong and many parents,Waving the pen in his hand,More than children in front of the fear of missing the point.

　　距离孩子冲刺人大附中、清华附中等几所万众瞩目的名校，还有两年时间。张勇和妻子已经开始带领孩子无休止地赶场各类培训班。

Distance children sprint currently/Tsinghua university school of several people fixes eyes upon, such as school,Still have two years time.Zhang yong and his wife have begun to lead the children endless visit all kinds of training classes.

　　“这实在不算什么，我们全家都能接受，和我们一样的家庭多的是，谁不这样，谁就失去入读牛校的机会。”张勇说，这是他们一家第二次备战名校了4年前，他们就是这样，把大儿子送入人大附中西山分校。

"This is not what,We can accept,And we are the same family,Who don't,Who will lose the best chance to enrolled in the school."Zhang said,This is the second time they a prepare for school four years ago,This is how they,The eldest son into integrates xishan branch of the National People's Congress (NPC).

　　张勇倒背如流地细数着几所名校的特点，期间接电话与妻子商量周末的分工。

Zhang yong by heart to count the characteristics of a school,Discuss on the phone with his wife over the weekend during the division of labor.“我们这种屌丝家庭，递不上条子，父母又不在学校的共建单位，那就只能靠占坑了。至于能不能碰上名校，尽了人事之后，就是听天命了。” "We this prick silk family,Pass off the blade,Parents and not in the school to build units,It is only by accounting for the pit.As for can meet with school,After all the personnel,Is listening to the destiny."

一个校长的名校 A principal of the school

名校在张勇这样的家长眼中，是天；名校校长在他们眼中，便如同玉皇大帝。 School in zhang yong such parents eyes,It is day;School principal in their eyes,They like the jade emperor.人大附中校长刘彭芝便是这个角色。

Currently the principal LiuPengZhi is this role.

　　在与杨东平“隔空骂架”后那个周三，刘彭芝接起电话，听说要采访，就语气急促地抱怨开了：“我头顶着四十多个头衔，睡觉的时间都没有，哪还有时间接受采访？”刘彭芝说得没错，要完整叙述她的头衔，需用将近四百字。

With YangDongPing"Telekinesis quarrel"After the Wednesday,LiuPengZhi picked up the phone,Hear want to interview,Tone is shortness of complaining:"I head to more than 40 titles,Sleeping of time all have no,Which still have time to interview?"LiuPengZhi're right,To complete her title,Need nearly four hundred words.

　　作为校长，67岁的刘彭芝喜欢用“反革命”一词，时时在公开场合动情落泪。

As the headmaster,The 67 - year - old LiuPengZhi like to use"counter-revolutionary"The word,Always passionate tears in public.

　　她骄傲地在研讨会上介绍人大附中开设13门外语，遭到多名普通中学和农村中学校长的质疑，她委屈地流泪，说：“我把学校办好还成反革命了？”

She proudly at the seminar to introduce currently open and foreign language,By more than ordinary middle school and long rural middle schools,She shed tears with injustice,said:"I have school to do good is a counter-revolutionary?"

　　在人大附中教育实践报告会上，说起该校奥数特长遭外界批评时，刘彭芝又数度哽咽，喊出“奥数不是反革命”的口号。

In currently the education practice report at the meeting,About the school mathematical olympiad specialty by criticism,LiuPengZhi choked several times again,Shout out"It is not a counter-revolutionary"The slogan of the.

　　刘彭芝早过了退休的年龄，可她仍“坚守”岗位，不忍离开。

LiuPengZhi early before the age of retirement,But she still"Stick to"post,Can't bear to leave.

　　已经离开人大附中数年的前任副校长王金战将刘彭芝奉为“人格高尚的圣人”；而兄弟学校的老师则会窃窃私语地议论：“听说刘姥姥（刘彭芝）实行的是‘文革’式管理……”

Have left currently several years the former vice principal of WangJin will LiuPengZhi as"Noble character of the saints";And brother school teacher will whisper to discussion:"I heard that LiuLaoLao(LiuPengZhi)Practice is the‘The cultural revolution’Type management……"

　　数学特级教师刘彭芝从1989年起任人大附中副校长，同时担任人大附中在数学实验班基础上创办的“华罗庚数学学校”校长，该校成为人大附中超常教育和素质教育的实验基地，由小学部、初中部和高中部组成，超常儿童的培养成就了刘彭芝的巨大荣耀，也助其在1997年通过“民选”，成为人大附中第九任校长。

Mathematics talented teachers LiuPengZhi since 1989 as currently the vice President,At the same time as currently established on the basis of experimental classes in mathematics"Hua luogeng school mathematics"The headmaster,The school become currently exceed constant education and quality education in the experimental base,The chosen/Coursework and the school,The cultivation of the supernormal children made LiuPengZhi great glory,Also help them through in 1997"elected",As currently the ninth President.

　　2004年，“华罗庚数学学校”改名为仁华学校，它为人大附中遴选最优生提供了其他学校所没有的平台，助推人大附中晋级为北京市乃至全国首屈一指的学校，而刘彭芝也随之成为人大附中校史上的功臣。

In 2004,,"Hua luogeng school mathematics"Was renamed RenHua school,It is currently the selection of the most healthy birth provided other schools do not have the platform,Thrusting currently qualify for Beijing and even the whole country's leading schools,And LiuPengZhi also will become a hero in the history of exam.

　　在学生眼中，刘彭芝看起来像个不甘落后的可爱老太太。“全国百个示范校的校长来参观，操场前后左右站了乌压压一片。老刘又开始宣传我们的牛校。大致意思如下：我们学校现在建设得已经非常好了，不过我们要更好。所以我们现在打算搞那个网，弄一个网，宣传我们学校。另外，我们还要动用其他的关系。我们有很多同学家里是这方面的，都非常厉害。有北京电视台、教育电视台、中央电视台，你们就回去和你爸妈说，帮我们打打广告什么的……一百个校长底下站着……我们这个关系户大校啊！老刘可真坦诚得可以了。”

In the student in the eyes,Unwilling to lag behind LiuPengZhi look like a lovely lady."The national hundred scheme of the principal to visit,Around the playground stand the pressure and pressure.Lao liu began to publicize our cattle.General meaning is as follows:Our school construction has very well now,But we will be better.So we are now going to make the nets,Make a net,Promotion in our school.In addition,We have to use other relationship.We have a lot of students are at home,Is very bad.Beijing TV station/Education TV station/China central television (CCTV),You will go back and your parents said,Help us play what advertising……One hundred the under standing……Our corporate senior colonel!Lao liu is honest enough to."

　　“2000年，人大附中50年校庆前的一次周一升国旗仪式上，刘校长面对当时正在兴建中的食堂说：人大附中是一所面向国际的现代化中学，可是现在，我们的校园非常落后。不过，我们现在已经开始着手改造了。比如，食堂，原来的太差了，我们就给炸了，重新盖一座现代化的。校门也比较寒酸，我们马上也要炸了重新盖。等有点钱了，就把操场后面的这排平房给拆了，高中楼也太差了，咱也要炸了重新盖一个。宿舍楼我看也不行，也得炸了重新再盖座新的。咱以后还得有游泳馆、文体馆什么的，不过我现在还没想好盖哪儿呢。”

"In 2000,,Currently the 50 years before the anniversary of the flag-raising ceremony on Monday at a time,Said LiuJiaoChang face was built in the dining room:The modernization of the exam is a face the international high school,But now,Our campus is very backward.but,We have now set out to reform.Such as,The dining room,The original is too poor,We went to fry,To build a modern.School is also poor,We'll also want to fry the back cover.Wait for some money,The playground behind the row bungalow to down,High school building is also very bad,I also want to fry a again.Building I see also not line,Have to fry the new again.I also have a swimming pool in the future/WenTiGuan what,But I haven't think good cover."

　　尽管“在场学生都笑喷了”，但刘彭芝用两年的时间，实践了她玩笑般的诺言。

although"Present students laugh spray",But LiuPengZhi with two years of time,Practice her joke like promise.

　　1998年，刘彭芝接任校长后的第二年，北京市按照教育部要求，取消义务教育阶段的重点学校制度，实行初高中分离。但仅仅两年后，人大附中的初中部就得以恢复，加上原本的仁华学校超长实验班，人大附中很快异军突起。20%-40%的“北清率”（考入北大、清华比率）一直令人叹为观止。2012年有180人考上北大、清华，是一些省份总额的四五倍，这也成为“学龄家庭”争相追逐的最大驱动力。

In 1998,,In the second year after LiuPengZhi took the headmaster,Beijing in accordance with the requirements of the ministry of education,Cancel the key school of compulsory education system,A junior separation.But only two years,National People's Congress (NPC) of the coursework can be restored,Add the original RenHua long classes at school,Currently stands out soon.20% to 40%"Rate of the qing dynasty"(Was admitted to Peking University/Tsinghua ratio)Has been amazing.There are 180 people admitted to Peking University in 2012/tsinghua,Are some provinces of the total amount of four or five times,This has become"School family"Scramble to pursue the biggest driving force.

追逐名校的家庭 After school family

　　虽然张勇的职业是做教育培训，可是第一次遇到孩子“小升初”问题时，这个家庭却陷入了前所未有的焦虑。

Although zhang yong professional is to do education training,But for the first time meet"after"When the problem,The family falling into an unprecedented anxiety.

　　2009年春天开始，报了巨人和学而思奥数班的儿子，同时还读着北师大二附中的“占坑班”（后文有述）。赶场上课的辛苦，在这一年的前半年逐渐被赶场考试的焦虑所取代。这一年，张勇的大儿子六年级。

In the spring of 2009,Called the giants and the son of learning and thought Olympic math class,Also read the text of the two"Class of pit"(After the text is described).Visit of hard in class,In the first half of this year is gradually replaced by visit the test anxiety.This year,Zhang's eldest son in grade six.

　　“必须要四处了解信息，总怕哪边考过了，就错过了。”张勇夫妇有空闲就在网上搜索北京几所名校的考试信息，顺带着跟其他家长打听情况。春节一过，张勇的手机就频频收到很多培训机构的邀请考试短信。“也很奇怪，家长的信息，好像这些培训机构都有。”

"Must be around to know information,Always fear which had been taken an examination of edge,Just missed."Zhang yong couples have free will search on the net a few school of Beijing the test information,Shundaizhao with other parents about situation.After the Spring Festival,Zhang yong's mobile phone is frequently receive many training institutions the invitation of the test message."Is also very strange,Parents' information,As the training institutions."

　　不知道为何而考，张勇还是带着儿子去了。“那时候，身边氛围就是大家都在赶场考试。他也没说是为什么准备考试，但是也能理解，一定是为某个学校招生的。我们也不知道这个考试意味着什么，反正觉得考一下也没坏处。”

Don't know why the test,Zhang yong or with a son."At that time,Side atmosphere is everyone visit the exam.He didn't say why is preparing for the exam,But also can understand,It must be for a school recruit students.We don't know what it means to this test,Anyway think examine didn't also the disadvantages."

　　考试之后的第二天，张勇就接到电话，“电话哪里打来的也不知道，只通知去北大附中面试，几月几号，带什么东西。”到了北大附中的校园内，一家子才真正知道这次考试是为北大附中而来的。

The day after the exam,Zhang will call,"Call from the phone where also don't know,Only inform interview at Peking University,A few months a few number,Bring anything."The Peking University campus in the attached,Family didn't really know this test is for Peking University.

　　几天后，又是一个电话：“你这孩子我们要了。”“就是口头通知，没有其他任何形式了。”从别的家长处，张勇妻子听说要签一份协议，还有人交了一万元定金。张勇一家没有接到这样的通知，觉得有点不放心。

After a few days,Is a phone call:"You this child, we'll take it.""Is oral notice,Don't have any other form."From other parents,Zhang's wife heard to sign an agreement,Others made a $ten thousand deposit.Zhang yong a not received such notice,Feel a little not trust.

　　很快，他们又跟着其他家长一同参加了人大附中双安分校和西山分校的两次考试，到5月份，张勇一家早已在考场身经百战：101中学、清华附中、人大附中、北大附中……“基本上，我们算是考霸了。”

soon,They followed with other parents and integrates ShuangAn branch of the National People's Congress in the west of the two examinations,To may,Zhang yong a already has competed in examination room:101 middle school/Tsinghua university school/Currently the/Peking University……"basically,We have test the bully."

　　有几场面试明确要求“父母双方带着孩子一起”，问孩子问题，也问家长问题，诸如“用一句话概括孩子的优缺点”之类。在这么多的考试之后，张勇拿到了3个学校的offer，最后选择了人大附中刚刚开办的西山分校，“因为离家近。”

There are a few field interview requests"Both parents take their children together",Ask the child questions,Also ask parents questions,Such as"The advantages and disadvantages of children in a single sentence"And so on.After so many tests,Zhang to get the offer of three schools,Finally chose integrates xishan offered just branch of the National People's Congress (NPC),"Because close to home."

张勇一家还不算追逐名校的典型代表。 Zhang is not chasing a typical representative of the school.

　　北京市西城区的张燕（化名）是从孩子上小学一年级开始就为报考名校发力的。2012年，终于功夫不负有心人，儿子成功考上了西城区的一所名校。她将其6年的奋斗记录成一篇“万言书”。其向本刊记者讲述的6年历程大致如下：

Beijing xicheng district of zhang yan(The allotted time periods specified by the)From grade one in primary school children start to enter oneself for an examination school sends force.In 2012,,Finally kung fu not put your heart into it,Son successfully admitted to a school of xicheng district.She will be the six years of struggle record into an article"All word book".Its tell your correspondent 6 years of roughly as follows:

　　一年级，为孩子报了剑桥英语少儿预备班，期末通过剑桥一级考试；

Grade one,For their children for the Cambridge English children's class,Through Cambridge at the next higher level for a final exam;

　　二年级，继续学习剑桥英语二级，期末以满分通过。这一年带着孩子参加“云州杯”口语大赛，获得二等奖。在老师的建议下，为孩子报了奥数班；参加北京市八中坑班举办的二年级升三年级考试。

Second grade,Continue to study at Cambridge English level 2,The final with full marks.Took the children to take part in this year"Cloud state cup"Oral English contest,Won the second prize.Under the teacher's advice,For their children for the Olympic math class;Participate in the Beijing BaZhong pit at the second grade class 3 grade exam.

　　三年级上学期，孩子通过剑桥三级考试，随后开始学习新概念一。下学期，通过KET和BETS1考试，参加“走进美妙的数学花园”比赛，俗称“走美”杯，获得二等奖。参加八中三年级升四年级的坑班考试。

Third grade last semester,Children through Cambridge level 3 test,Then began to learn a new concept.Next semester,Through the KET and BETS1 examination,To participate in"Into the beautiful garden of mathematics"The game,Commonly known as"Go beauty"A cup of,Won the second prize.Attend BaZhong grade three litres of the pit of grade four class examination.

　　四年级，学习英语新概念二，参加学而思英语新概念二高端班选拔考试，参加PET和BETS2考试，开始做中考模拟题，先后参加了3个数学竞赛。参加八中四年级升五年级的坑班考试，成绩不错，终于加入坑班，实现“占坑”。

Fourth grade,Learning new concept English 2,To learn the new concept English 2 high class selection examination,PET and BETS2 exam,Begin to do simulation tests,Has participated in the three mathematics competition.Attend BaZhong grade four liters the pit of grade five class test,good,Finally join pit class,To realize the"Of pit".

　　五年级，参加数学解题能力展示读者评选活动获得三等奖。走美杯再次获得三等奖。西城区科技英语竞赛三等奖。但张燕有些失落，因为只有一等奖算特长，有机会通过特长推荐进入重点中学。

In fifth grade,In mathematical problem solving ability to show the reader won third prize in the competition.Go beautiful cup again won third prize.Xicheng district science and technology prize in the English competition.But zhang yan some loss,Because only the first prize is specialty,Have the opportunity to through the special recommend into the key middle school.

　　这一年，孩子被评为西城区红领巾奖章获得者，参加八中五年级升六年级的坑班考试，但数学发挥不理想，分到慢班。“坑班也是分快慢班的，快班孩子上重点中学机会大。”参加十一中的五年级升六年级坑班考试，孩子获得了第二个“坑位”。

This year,The child was named xicheng district red scarf medal winners,The pit of attend BaZhong grade five litres of grade 6 class test,But mathematics play is not ideal,To slow kids."Pit is points KuaiManBan class,Honors to child on the key middle school."In 11 grade five litres of pit grade 6 class test,Got a second child"A pit".

　　六年级，小升初的序幕由一个电话拉开2011年8月19日中午，学而思通知张燕带孩子20日参加北京市第十一中学考试，这个“猝不及防”的电话，让张燕从此晚上不敢关机。最终，考试以失利告终。张燕开始带孩子参加学而思杯和巨人杯，前者综合一等奖，后者综合二等奖。

Grade 6,After the curtain by a phone open at noon on August 19, 2011,Learning and thinking inform zhang yan children 20 in Beijing 11 middle school examination,this"despite"The phone,Let zhang yan from now on can't shut down in the evening.In the end,The test ended in failure.Zhang yan to take children to learn and think giant cup and cup,The former comprehensive first prize,The latter comprehensive second prize.

　　每年反复参加教育机构的杯赛，张燕是期望获得教育机构的推荐，参加名校选拔。“因为它们之间有合作，这样孩子就多了次参加重点中学选拔考试的机会。”“十一”以后，父亲为孩子做了一份简历，附上各类证书，足有40页，给首师附中、北京八中、西城实验中学各送了一份。

Repeated every year to participate in education institutions of the cup,Zhang yan is expected to receive education institutions to recommend,Attend school selection."Because there is cooperation between them,So children much more chance to compete in the key middle school selection examination.""11"after,My father made a resume for children,With all kinds of certificate,There are 40 pages full,To the first division integrates/Beijing BaZhong/Wl send a experimental middle school.

　　2012年 1月3日，参加首都师范大学附属中学考试。5天后，北京市西城区另一所名校坑班考试，终获成功。至此，小升初告一段落，张燕的孩子“获得了第一张船票”。几个月后，孩子锦上添花，获得北京市三好学生荣誉。张燕一家6年冲名校的历程算真正结束。

On January 3, 2012,In the capital normal university affiliated high school examination.After 5 days,Beijing xicheng district another school pit class test,Finally succeed.So far,After end,Zhang yan of the child"Won the first ticket".After a few months,Children too,Got Beijing miyoshi students honor.Zhang yan, a school course is really over 6 years.

名校阴影下的城市 School under the shadow of the city

　　北京作为全国政治中心，有着庞大的“上层建筑”体系，以权择校和以钱择校的各种矛盾冲突在这座城市尤为剧烈。

Beijing as the national political center,With the huge"The superstructure"system,With power school and the money will all kinds of conflicts in the city is particularly severe.

　　21世纪教育研究院去年的《北京“小升初”项目总报告》称，为了让孩子能够进入“优质学校”，家长“八仙过海，各显神通”，择校成为整个家庭人力、物力和各种社会关系的总动员。有权势的家长通过各种途径递条子、拉拢与学校的关系，普通家长则不惜抛重金带着孩子奔波在“金坑”、“银坑”之间，不惜牺牲孩子的身心健康。全家人的生活都围绕着孩子的考试、获奖、评优，耳提面命地训诫孩子，误导他们形成分数至上、名校至上的功利主义价值观。在调查中，一位技术精英不禁怀疑自己当年的选择，感叹没有一官半职，无法为子女的升学尽力。

In the 21 st century education research institute last year[Beijing"after"The project total report]said,In order to let the child to enter"High school",parents"way,The situation",Will become the whole family/Material resources and all kinds of social relations of general mobilization.Powerful parents drink.examination through various channels/From the relationship with the school,Ordinary parents at throwing showering took the children go on"The gold pit"/"Silver pit"between,Sacrificing the child's physical and mental health.The whole family all around the child's test of life/Won the prize/According to,Instruct with authority to discipline children,Misleading them form points first/School of utilitarianism values.In the survey,A technical elite can't help but doubt yourself that choice,This not an official post,Can try my best to do for their children's study.

　　北京家长最耳熟能详的是“占坑班”，这是名校以此突围政策规定的电脑派位，名校如人大附中，更是全然不接受电脑派位。“占坑班”是一些名校自办或与社会机构合办、面向小学生的学科培训机构，从中选拔优秀学生升入本校初中。杨东平称：“人大附中的‘华罗庚数学学校’（后更名为仁华学校）是最早举办的和最有影响的面向小学生的课外培训机构，是始作俑者。”

Parents are the most popular in Beijing"Class of pit",This is the school in order to break the computer 1 school places allocation policy,School as currently,Is completely don't accept computer 1 school places allocation."Class of pit"Are some famous oneself or jointly and social institutions/For elementary subject training institutions,To select outstanding junior high school students to the university.YangDongPing said:"National People's Congress (NPC) of the‘Hua luogeng school mathematics’(Renamed RenHua after school)Was held at the earliest and most affected - oriented elementary student's extracurricular training institutions,Is the first."

　　1998年，“小升初”由统一考试改为“电脑派位”。一些家长不愿孩子进入弱校就读，一些名校为争优秀生源也不愿接收“电脑派位生”，于是以“奥数”培训为主的培训学校充当起替名校选拔学生的职责。各名校都有自己对口的培训学校，只有进入该校就读，才有可能将来被“点招”进入该名校，这就是“占坑”。“占坑班”已经形成服务于北京 “小升初”的庞大市场。

In 1998,,"after"By the unified exam instead"Computer 1 school places allocation".Some parents don't let children enter the weak school,Some school to outstanding students also don't want to receive"Computer 1 school places allocation was born",So in order to"It is"Training of training school acted as the role of students for school selection.Each school has its own corresponding training school,Only in the school,Has it been possible to be in the future"At recruit"Access to the school,This is the"Of pit"."Class of pit"Has been formed service in Beijing "after"The huge market.

　　21世纪教育研究院的调查结果显示，90%以上的“占坑班”家长每年所花费用在8000 元以上，多数“占坑”的学生都会选择2－3个左右的“坑”，而“坑班”费用仅是“小升初”花费中较小的一部分。为了保证在“占坑班”顺利晋级，还要参加高思、学而思、巨人为首的众多培训机构的课程，包括家长单独“攒班”（根据孩子学习需要，由家长自行聘请教师授课）。一些家庭的实际花费可达10万元甚至十几万元。尽管如此，“占坑班”的存在被认为是普通家庭子女进入名校的“公平途径”，被称为“无权力者的权利”。

In the 21 st century education research institute survey,More than 90% of the"Class of pit"Parents spend year by year in 8000 yuan of above,Most of the"Of pit"Students can choose two or three or so"pit",and"Pit class"Cost is only"after"Part of the cost of smaller.In order to ensure the"Class of pit"through,To participate in high/Learning and thinking/Giant led many training institutions of the course,Including the parents alone"Saving class"(According to the needs of children,Recruiting teachers teaching by the parents).Some families of the actual cost of up to 100000 yuan and even ten yuan.In spite of this,"Class of pit"Is considered to be the existence of ordinary families children enter the school"A fair way",Is known as"Without the right answer".

最具北京特色的名校招生途径是“共建生”。国家机关、大型企事业单位与重点学校通过“合作共建”，满足本部门职工子女享受“优质教育资源”的需求，是典型的“以权择校”。 The most characteristic of Beijing school admissions way is"To build life".The state organs/Large enterprises and key school"A cooperation",Meet the department worker children to enjoy"High quality education resources"The needs of the,Is a typical"To the right school".实际操作中，共建单位有的利用公共资源给名校额外投入，有的是职工自负费用，以“共建”名义统一交给学校。

In the actual operation,Construction unit some use of public resources to school additional investment,Have a plenty of worker conceit,In order to"To build"Under the uniform to school.

最明目张胆的途径是“条子生”，是家长通过特殊社会关系，使自己的孩子获得重点学校的入学机会。 The most flagrant way is"The blade was born",Are parents through special social relations,To make their children get the key school admission opportunity.“条子生”大部分是由市、区领导直接安排，各区每年都会在几所“重点学校”给“条子生”预留名额。据对部分中学校长和家长的调查，重点学校的“条子生”一般占当年招生人数的 8%－10%左右。

"The blade was born"Mostly by city/District leadership arrangement directly,District every year in a few"The key school"to"The blade was born"Reserve quota.According to the investigation on the part of parents and high school principal,The key school the"The blade was born"General accounting for 8% 10% of the recruit students number to the left.

　　根据21世纪教育研究院的调查，在升学季节，名校校长总能收到众多条子而难以处置。有学校每年会设立一个临时机构，叫“条子办”。一般来说，每年春节前后就开始“条子生”的工作，学校会采用各种灵活手段招收这些特殊学生。如果学生本身有推优、特长生测试资格，那么就可占用这个名额；如果学生本身不具有这些资格，则占用共建名额。

According to the investigation of the 21 st century education research institute,In the entrance season,School principal can always receive many blade and difficult to dispose of.A school year will set up a temporary offices,call"Note to do".Generally speaking,,Before and after the Spring Festival every year begins"The blade was born"The work of the,The school will adopt various flexible means for these special students.If the student has directing itself/Special immortal test qualifications,Then we can take this quota;If students do not possess the status of these,It takes to build.

如此格局下的名校招生途径，令教育部一位官员愤而直言：“北京名校的校长都是很横的，偶尔一两个出来回应社会批评，都难免有点自我膨胀。他把学校办成所谓全国最好的学校，有恃无恐。很多专家的批评都是致命的，学校花了这么多钱，到底从哪儿来的？按说，这种公立学校的财政来源应该是公开的。学校学生的家庭背景，敢不敢公开？” So under the pattern of the school recruit students,An official anger and the truth to the ministry of education:"Beijing school headmaster is horizontal,Occasionally come out one or two to respond to social criticism,Is hard to avoid a little ego.He put the school into the best schools in the country,Strong backing.Many experts of the criticism is deadly,The school spent so much money,Where from?ordinarily,This source of finance public schools should be open.School students' family background,Dare to dare not to open?"

　　一位和孩子一起经历过“坑班”考试的中学老师，羡慕地说起参观新加坡教育的感受：“李显龙的儿子学习成绩不好，也只能入读二三流的中学。”

An experienced together with children"Pit class"Test of middle school teachers,The feelings of envy ground to say to visit Singapore education:"Lee hsien loong, the son of study result is bad,Also can read into ErSanLiu of middle school."

　　这些名校招生歪招，使得1998年出台的初高中分离政策在北京形同虚设，“教育部门在2005年调查时发现，独立的初中已经很少，连教委的人都说：还独立的初中，基本上都是比较差的初中。”

The school recruit students slanting,Made of 1998, junior separation policy be evaded in Beijing,"Education department in 2005, the survey found,Independent of the junior high school has been very little,Even the education commission of the people said:Is independent of the junior high school,Basically all is more bad of the junior high school."

　　中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖在谈及名校享受的优惠时说：“申请经费的时候，给的是一样的。结果总会多给一些项目补贴；招生的时候，你先招，他后招也是区别。教师分配时，像人大附中，它可以不受限制地在全国任何地方招最好的老师，招来就是一系列问题，诸如编制之类所有的问题，他都能打通，一般的学校能打通吗？所以，名校能突破的东西是很多的，严格来讲，这个是破坏教育生态的。资源分配上，掌握权力的看，这个学校这么好，我的孩子也在这，它可能不是明确的给钱，而通过政策上解决问题。”

The Chinese institute of education sciences reservoir from zhaohui in said about school enjoy preferential:"Apply for funding,To is the same.Results will give some project subsidies;When recruit students,Your first action,After he called is also difference.When the teacher assigned,As currently,It can not restricted anywhere in the country to recruit the best teacher,Recruit is a series of problems,Such as compiled all the questions,He can get through,The average school can get through?so,Things are a lot of famous can breakthrough,strictly,This is the destruction of ecological education.The resource allocation,The power of the master,This school is so good,My child is here,It may not be clear to money,And through the policy to solve the problem."

　　有专家透露，北京市财政局做事前评估，2013年总共投在教育的经费大概是270亿。这其中有一项就是支持优质教育资源。“这些钱就专门用来给人大附中、北京四中这些名校，这是很大一笔钱。为什么在倡导教育均衡的情况下，他还要拿钱去给这些好学校，主要原因是权力结构决定的。”

Some experts said,The Beijing municipal bureau of finance work before,A total of 2013 into the education of the funds is about 27 billion.Which one is support high quality education resources."The money is specially used for currently/Beijing 4 these school,This is a big sum of money.Why in advocating education under the condition of equilibrium,He will take money to give the good school,The main reason is that the power structure."

权和利侵蚀的名校 And the erosion of the school

　　隐秘混乱的招生途径最终带来了教育腐败。

Secret of recruit students way eventually brought education corruption.

　　2011年北京市西城区检察院查办的案件中，便有诸多涉及学校招生问题的。某学校的校长和副校长，在2003年至2006年间，共收取账外共建生费用280余万元，“而这笔钱正是除了按照规定已经上缴的以外，留在‘小金库’里的钱。”

2011 Beijing xicheng district procuratorate investigation of the case,There is many problems on the school recruit students involved.A President and vice President of the school,In 2003 and 2006,Total charge out altogether born for more than 280 ten thousand yuan,"And the money is beyond what has been paid in accordance with the relevant provisions,To stay in‘Small Treasury’The money in the."

　　结果，当校长要调教委任职时，临走前仍惦记着这个“小金库”，他找到副校长商量共建费用的处理问题。提出要副校长从中拿出70万元给自己，副校长自己得70万元……两人共计贪污公款140万元。

The results,When the headmaster asked education office,Still thinking about this before leaving"Small Treasury",He found the vice principal discuss build cost to deal with the problem.Offered to vice President from 700000 yuan to yourself,Vice President himself 700000 yuan……Two people with corruption and embezzlement 1.4 million yuan.

　　教育部前文提到的这位官员对超级名校招生导致的腐败困境十分悲观，他说：“虽然政策上是不允许有择校费的，但是教育事业不能阻止人们行善的权利。捐资助学听起来多少是漂亮的词汇。哪个国家都不会不让人捐，但如果把捐款和择校联合起来，那就是变相择校……上缴财政专户后，这个钱也不是重新分配的，因为人家是给学校捐的，大部分钱是还给学校。从账目上看，地方政府应该知道收了多少择校费。另外一种，直接给家长写个条，甚至没有发票，无法统计他有多少。”

The ministry of education of the above mentioned the official schools to recruit students to the corruption of the predicament very pessimistic,He said:"Although the policy is not allowed to have 择校费,But can't stop the rights of the people to do good education career.How much is beautiful words to donate sounds.Which country will not let people to donate,But if the donations and school together,That is in disguised form school……Turn over to the financial account,The money also is not the redistribution,Because somebody else is donated to school,Most of the money is back to school.Look from the accounts,The local government should know how much 择校费.Another kind of,Directly to parents write a article,Don't even have the invoice,How much he unable to statistics."

　　名校纠葛着权力和利益，当然不是北京一地独有的现象。

School imbroglio with power and interests,Of course not a unique phenomenon in Beijing.

　　被认为是江苏省最好的南京外国语学校，每年“小升初”的电脑摇号全城瞩目。定额招280名学生，全凭幸运摇上号的两千多名学生被认为是有资格参加该校入学考试的。“入学考题，其实就是以英语形式出现的奥数。由该校英语老师和数学老师参加出卷。”

Is considered to be the best foreign language school of nanjing, jiangsu province,Every year"after"The computer wave number of the attention of the whole city.Quota for 280 students,By lucky on the wave of more than two thousand students is considered to be eligible to participate in the school entrance examination."Admission examination questions,Is actually in English form of the mathematical olympiad.By the school English teacher and math teacher in a roll."

　　事实上，实际入学的学生远不止280名，多招的数额常常要翻一两倍。初中一个年级从原来的10个班，扩充到11个班、12个班，“然后有人说不能再扩了，但其实每个班的人数还在增加，如果要分出第13个班来，还是很容易的。学校也没办法，条子生太多，只能扩。”该校老师沈宏（化名）描述。

As a matter of fact,Actual admission of the students is more than 280,The amount of recruit more often turn to one or two times.Junior high school a year from the original 10 class,Extended to 11/12 class,"Then someone said can't enlarge,But also on the increase in the number of each class,If you want to tell to 13 th class,Is very easy.The school didn't also the way,Blade born too much,Can enlarge."The school teacher ShenHong(The allotted time periods specified by the)Describe the.

　　在这12个班中，“前5个班大多数是扩招的，都是各种各样说不清楚的关系，这在考试分数上能看出来，卷子是统一的，前面几个班的成绩会低一点。”也有的扩招生是插在后面班级的。

In this class 12,"Most 5 class is before enrollment,Are various said not clear,This can see on the test scores,Examination paper is unified,In front of the class of the grade will be lower."Also some expanding enrollment is inserted at the back of the class.

　　“扩招生中有一些是教育局那边塞过来的，他们的子女肯定是优先的，还有一些大学老师的子女，因为学校高中部要大学的保送生名额啊。普通理解的择校费是10万元，如果能找强硬些的关系，也能打个八折什么的。”

"Enlarge enrollment there are some is bureau of education in the frontier fortress,Their children must be a priority,Some college teachers of their children,Because the school the school to the university of unripe quota.Common understanding of 择校费 is 100000 yuan,If you can find the relationship between the tough,What can make a eighty percent."

　　普通任课老师和同学都是不知道这些扩招生有什么具体关系的。沈宏记得有个班主任时常哭诉，他班里有个山西煤老板的孩子，“成绩超差，历史考30分，历史老师心都碎了！但是小孩人很好，就是女生都不愿意跟他同桌。”

Ordinary teacher and students are all don't know these enlarge recruit students what are the specific relationship.ShenHong remember a teacher always crying,Have a child of shanxi coal boss in his class,"Result super bad,History examination 30 points,The history teacher heart shattered!But a child who is very good,Is the girl don't want to sit at the same table with him."

　　“学生填学籍卡的时候，班主任才知道小孩父母是做什么的。有的班主任会利用这种关系谋取个人私利。师道尊严也就无从说起了。”沈宏说，他曾遇到一位自称是大学校长秘书的学生家长暗示，“问我要不要去他们学校读研究生，可以不用上课，也不用交作业。其实他的小孩挺好的……”

"Students fill in the registration card,The teacher in charge know children what do parents do.Some teacher will use this relationship for selfish interests.There can be no division way of."ShenHong said,He had met a claims to be the President of the university of secretary of the student's parents,"Ask me want to go to their school reading a graduate student,May be there is no class,Also need not hand in your homework.In fact he's pretty good kid……"

　　“班主任心里是有数的，哪个孩子是什么背景，大领导介绍进来的孩子，一定会跟班主任打个招呼。有的家长，逢年过节会给班主任送名牌包包，教师节，送年级组长和班主任一人一个coach包。”

"The teacher in charge is in his heart there are,Which child what's the background,Big is introduced in the leadership of the children,Will start director say hello.Some parents,Every year at the feast will send to the teacher in charge name brand bag,Teacher's day,Send one grade group leader and teacher in charge a coach bag."

　　沈宏看着教学处主任隔一两年换新车，“一年比一年好。他是教数学的，他在外面办培训机构，拉一些和他关系好的老师一起上课。去他那里上课的小孩，最后要进我们学校也会相对容易些托他推荐下打个招呼总是有的。学校老师在外面的培训机构任教的还挺多的，尤其语数外科目。”

ShenHong looking at teaching in director every one or two years to change a new car,"Year by year.He is teaching mathematics,He in the outside to do training institutions,And some and his relationship with good teacher in class.Go to his there children in the class,Finally will come in our school will be relatively easy, he recommended down there is always say hello.School teachers taught in the outside training institutions is a lot,Especially language of the subject."

　　中国教育科学研究院研究员储朝晖对这种超级牛校导致义务教育千疮百孔现象痛心疾首：“教育就是让人懂得规则、相互尊重。但现在大量名校却发展成了唯我独尊，他们的教育理念追求的是做人上人，而正常的教育追求的是做人中人，人与人之间的平等。真正的精英价值观，不是在比赛中超过别人，而是发现自己、找到自己。”

The Chinese institute of education sciences reservoir from zhaohui for this kind of super cow school in compulsory education "the hole is saddened:"Education is to let people know the rules/Respect each other.But now a lot of schools have developed into inevitability,They are the education concept of the pursuit of the life here,And the normal education is the pursuit of the human being human,The equality between person and person.The real elite values,Not in the game more than others,But found himself/Find your."

　　储朝晖认为，要解决教育均衡，需要公共权力和名校之间相互构建。这个问题不解决，查一两所学校，没什么效果。

Reservoir from zhaohui think,To solve education equilibrium,Need to build between public power and the school.This problem is not solved,Check one or two schools,No effect.