北上广异地高考方案难于具体化，几乎都是由于教育改革与新的人口管理政策不配套。它显示出，对迅速膨胀的大城市人口管理，及如何减缓人口高度集中趋势，相关部门尚缺少充分考量与准备

North widely different college entrance examination scheme to crystallize,Almost all is due to education reform and the new population management policy does not form a complete set.It shows,For the rapid expansion of the city population management,And how to slow down the population concentration trend,Relevant departments are lack of sufficient consideration and preparation

　　回想起来，“异地高考”从民间的吁请改变，到2012年底各省推出方案成为可以操作的现实，脚步快得有些不可思议。

In retrospect,"Different college entrance examination"From the folk appealed to change,By the end of 2012 provinces launch scheme can become the reality of the operation,Faster pace some incredible.

　　虽然被称为“高考洼地”的北上广，为了赶上2012年初教育部门承诺的“年底之前”期限，都只能给出一个过渡性或框架性的方案，而最终的门槛究竟有多高、哪些外来孩子能够在几年之后受益，仍有相当大的不确定性。但是，现实中和网络上，一些有本地户籍的和外来孩子的父母们还在紧张忧虑，互相辩论，并向方案的制定者们施加着压力。

Although known as"College entrance examination depression"North of wide,In order to catch the early 2012 education department of commitment"Before the end of"period,Can only give a transitional or frame scheme,And the threshold of the final how high/What foreign children can benefit in a few years,There are still a considerable uncertainty.but,The reality and the network,Some local census register and foreign children's parents are still nervous worry,Debate with each other,And to plan makers applied pressure.

　　“压力太大了。无论北上广方案如何制定，恐怕都难免要挨骂！”上海的异地高考方案公布前，一位教育界人士苦笑。

"Pressure is too big.No matter how to develop the north wide scheme,I'm afraid is bound to catch it!""Shanghai college entrance examination scheme before released,A educators wry smile.

　　“我也是外地人，但还是不希望有太多外来人和我的孩子挤占教育资源。”一个10年前通过人才引进渠道落户上海、孩子幼儿园在读的家长坦率说道。

"I am also foreigners,But I do not want to have too much nonnative and my child occupy education resources."A 10 years ago through the talent introduction channel in Shanghai/Children in the kindergarten parents said frankly.

　　2012年在上海，两大人群之间的利益冲突时时被上升到“文化”层面。本地人的“排外”、“小家子气”与外来务工人员的“超生”、“不良习惯”等话题，沉寂许久之后，又被高频提及，时常演变成充满怨怒、夹缠不清的民间口水仗。争吵的双方似乎都忘了，这座城市的义务教育阶段，已有50多万外来孩子在读，四成中小学学生没有本地户口，一二年级学生中外来子弟甚至超过了50%。

In Shanghai in 2012,Two people of the conflict of interest between always be up to"culture"level.locals"exclusive"/"Of low class"And the problem of itinerant workers"Super living"/"Bad habits"Such topics,Silence for a long time after,And high frequency mention,Often evolve into full of quarrels with his anger/Clamp wind not pure folk saliva battle.On both sides of the argument seems to have forgotten,The city's compulsory education stage,For more than half foreign children reading,Forty percent of primary and middle school students no local registered permanent residence,A second grade students in foreign children even more than 50%.

　　2012年夏，我曾因采访走进闸北区第三中心小学。这是本地一所兴办了60年的老牌公办学校，如今在校生里约半数是外来人口。一样的校服，一样天真可爱的笑脸和标准普通话，一样会在擦身而过时礼貌问候“老师好”，分不清什么外来本地、城里乡下。孩子们七嘴八舌地告诉我，班上谁成绩最好，哪个同学关心集体，谁和谁是好朋友。

In the summer of 2012,I have an interview for the third center zhabei into primary school.This is a local sixty years old in the public school,Now students Rio half are floating population.Uniforms as,As sweet and innocent smiling face and standard mandarin,In the same brush out polite greetings"The teacher is good",Cannot tell what foreign local/Town in the country.The children all told me,Who did best in the class,Which students concerned about the collective,Who and who is a good friend.

　　读三年级的小浩宇因为同桌是安徽人而在地图上找到安徽，还羡慕同桌“能回老家玩”没有父母辈的历史成见与心理隔阂，也没有那么多功利的、“文化”的计较。而那些外来孩子中，不少是从小就随父母生长在城市，乡村成了只在逢年过节才回去的遥远之地，即便短暂“留守”，最终的归宿也在城市里。

Read grade three little Xavier because sit at the same table is anhui province on the map and find anhui,Also admire sit at the same table"Can play back"No parents historical prejudice and psychological barriers,Is not so utilitarian/"culture"Care of.And those foreign children,A lot of is a growth with the parents in the city,A country only in holiday to go back to the distant places,Even if a short"left-behind",The final destination is in the city.

　　见过这些就会明白，所谓“异地高考”的变革，已是势在必然。只是，每一次改革都会带来利益的重新分配，而改变凝固了几十年的高考政策、大学招生格局，关涉家家户户、关涉中国人最为重视的儿女教育和前程命运，又正值人们维护个人权益意识空前强烈的社会时期，它所激发起的恐惧不安、不公平的担忧，自是格外强烈。

Seen these will understand,The so-called"Different college entrance examination"change,Is ShiZaiBiRan.just,Each time the reform will bring the redistribution of interests,And change the setting of the dozens of years of college entrance examination policy/The university admissions pattern,Involves families/Regarding the Chinese most pay attention to children education and future destiny,And when people protect individual rights consciousness unprecedented strong society period,It stimulates the fear uneasiness/Not fair concerns,Naturally particularly strong.

　　仅有指责与怨愤是不够的。表面看，这只是一个教育问题，向更深处看，却是牵一发动全身的复杂系统工程。利用这次政策调整，我们要还的是近几十年快速工业化、城市化进程中对农村、农民的积欠，是对大城市仍然铁板一块的户籍管理制度和捆绑福利保障体系的反省和清理，也是对政府能否科学统筹规划区域社会发展的真正考验与挑战。

Only blame and resentment is not enough.Surface see,This is just a education problems,Deeper to see,It is to lead a launch systemic complicated system engineering.Using the policy adjustment,We will have to be in recent decades is the rapid industrialization/In the process of urbanization of rural/Farmers' run up,In big cities is still a monolithic block of the management system of the household register and bind welfare security system reflect and cleaning,Also for the government can science as a whole planning area to the development of the society and the real test of the challenge.

　　北上广异地高考方案难于具体化，几乎都是由于教育改革与新的人口管理政策不配套，它显示出，我们的政府对于正迅速膨胀的大城市的人口管理，以及如何减缓这种人口高度集中的趋势，尚缺少充分的考量与准备。

North widely different college entrance examination scheme to crystallize,Almost all is due to education reform and the new population management policy does not form a complete set,It shows,Our government is to swell the population of the city management,And how to slow down the population concentration trend,It is the lack of sufficient consideration and preparation.

　　固化了几十年的制度一朝松动，多半会有多米诺骨牌一般的效应。我不太担心北上广会“洼地依旧”，却担心一招不慎，会让“教育公平”的变革带来新的机会不公平。高考毕竟只是教育中的一道关卡而不是教育本身，前端的薄弱、有失均衡不能寄望于在这一道关口松动换来平等甚至优待。一个社会，如将还“公平”债的重心过多压在教育身上，原本已够沉重的教育说不定会更加步履踉跄，迷失所往。

Curing for decades system once loose,Most will have domino general effect.I'm not too worried about north will widely"Depression is still",They worry that a move he,Will make"Education fair"Change brings new opportunity is not fair.College entrance examination after all just education of a level not education itself,Front-end weak/Lose balance can not hope in this a loose pass for equality and preferential treatment.A society,If will also"fair"Debt too much emphasis on education in pressure,Had enough heavy education might more walk totter,Lost to the.

　　（本报记者 姜泓冰）

(Our reporter JiangHongBing)