部分中学开设“大学先修课程”，考试成绩成北大自主选拔依据 Part of the school curriculum"University first courses",Test scores into north independent selection basis

“让会飞的孩子先飞起来” "Let the child can fly to fly"

　　学有余力时，“余力”如何施展？北大与部分中学合作试点开设的“中国大学先修课程”，为这些“余力”提供了挥洒的空间。这样的尝试，有必要，更迫切。

Spare capacity to learn when,"left"How to cast?Peking University and part of middle school cooperation in pilot"The Chinese university first courses",For these"left"Provides a sprinkle of space.The attempt,It is necessary to,More pressing.

　　任何深思熟虑的改革都是对教育体制的有益补充，都是对历史积弊的努力革除，但往往其中的一些改革难以坚持、化于形式，敌不过高考指挥棒的轻轻一点，挡不住积久体制的惯性滑动。改革，要从细节着眼，也需顶层设计，高低配合，巨细兼顾，才能真正药到病除。编 者

Any deliberate reform of education system is a beneficial supplement,Are any of history to abolish,But some of them are often difficult to adhere to the reform/Change in form,The enemy but the university entrance exam baton and gently point,Stop JiJiu system inertia sliding.reform,To focus on the details from,Also need to top design,With high and low,Both big and small,Can we truly medicine arrived a disease.Knitting is

　　17日，应全国部分中学要求，北大宣布将与中学合作试点开设“中国大学先修课程”，供高二学有余力的学生选修，7月组织统一考试，成绩将作为大学自主选拔的重要依据。若条件成熟，对成绩特别优秀的学生，经大学相关学科审核认定，入学者可减免其相应的大学课程学分，免修相应课程。

17,The school should be part of the request,Peking University and middle school announced that it would open cooperation pilot"The Chinese university first courses",For GaoErXue spare capacity students take as an elective course,July organization unified exam,Result will be an important basis for the selection of university autonomy.If conditions mature,To achieve outstanding students,The university related disciplines that audit,Enrollee reduces its corresponding university course credits,Advanced standing corresponding course.

初衷 Original intention

发挥学有余力学生的潜能，淡化中学教育应试色彩 Play the potential of students learn spare capacity,Desalination middle school education takes an exam the colour

　　为什么要给中学生提前讲授大学课程？几所已经开始推行“中国大学先修课程”的中学校长的话很耐人寻味：

Why to teach students advance college course?Several have begun promoting"The Chinese university first courses"The high school principal words very intriguing:

　　“一段时间以来，我们发现有些孩子在课堂上，假装听老师课，其实他早已学会了，只是因为尊重老师而装装样子，这其实是在浪费时间。”北京十一学校校长李希贵说，“我们在学校办了一个自主研修学院，发现大批学生有能力在高一时就学完高中课程，高二时就能学完大学的数学和物理的课程。”

"A period of time,We found that some children in the class,Pretended to be listening to the teacher's class,In fact he had learned,Just because respect the teacher and make believe,It is a waste of time."Beijing eleven school principal LiXiGui said,"We in the school has organized a independent research institute,Found a large number of students have the ability to high school at the high school curriculum,When high can finish university mathematics and physics course."

　　从2010年开始，北京十一学校便开设了微积分、线性代数、普通物理学、普通化学、生物学、高级英语翻译等大学课程，满足一部分学生自主发展的需求。

Starting from 2010,Beijing. The school will open the calculus/Linear algebra/General physics/General chemistry/biology/Advanced English translation university courses,To meet the needs of the development of students' autonomous part.

　　“以前，为学有余力的学生提供再提高的方法主要是学科竞赛，但是，学科竞赛的学生面比较窄，功利性也越来越强，所以，我们需要开设一些新的课程，强调实验性、过程参与与动手实践操作。”北京大学附属中学校长王铮说，“学科竞赛也不能满足在文科和艺术方面有突出潜能的孩子的需求，为那些对文科有兴趣和学有余力的学生提供大学通选课，是一个好的方向。”

"before,To learn the students with spare capacity to improve method is mainly subject contest,but,Subject contest students face is narrow,Utilitarianism is becoming more and more strong,so,We need to set up some new course,Emphasize experimental/Participate in process and practical operation."Beijing university affiliated high school principal WangZheng said,"Discipline competition also cannot be satisfied in the liberal arts and art have outstanding potential of the child's needs,For those who are interested in liberal arts and science students have left the university to provide general elective,Is a good direction."

　　“开设大学先修课程，这何尝不是一种倒逼的结果。”浙江杭州第二中学校长叶翠微介绍，“如今高中毕业，甚至在高中一、二年级就出国的学生越来越多。在全球化时代，学生们有权选择优质教育，如果再不改革，还是围绕应试，那么选择出国的学生会越来越多。因此，中学开设不以应试为目的的大学先修课程，希望能够激发、培养学生对某一门学科的兴趣。”

"First Open University courses,This may be a DaoBi results."Hangzhou, zhejiang province, the second high school principal leaf CuiWei is introduced,"Now graduated from high school,Even in a high school/Second grade will go abroad students more and more.In the age of globalization,The students have the right to choose the high quality education,If don't reform,Or around the examination,So choose to go abroad students more and more.so,School curriculum with answering not for the purpose of the first university courses,Hope to be able to inspire/Train the student to a subject of interest."

　　“教育应该让会飞的孩子飞起来，让能飞的孩子飞得更高。教育要主动回应孩子自主的发展诉求。大学先修课程有效地淡化了目前中学学科教学‘试题为王’的现状。” 叶翠微说。

"Education should let the child can fly fly,Let can fly children fly higher.Education should take the initiative to respond to the child independent development appeals.University first courses effectively fade the current middle school teaching‘Questions for the king’Situation of." Leaf CuiWei said.

迫切 urgent

高三教育成“训练小白鼠”，大学新生不知自己兴趣在哪 Three education into"Training mice",Freshmen do not know their interests

　　中学意识到了激发学生兴趣的重要性，大学则更加认识到了迫切性。北京大学数学学院副院长柳彬说，“北大学子考试时不在乎考试题的难度，却在乎考试题目的类型。这与高中的纯应试教育有关。中学老师把考试题目分成若干类型，并告诉学生各种题型的解题窍门。这使很多同学对大学的考试感到不适应。”

Middle school students aware of the importance of interest,University is more recognize the urgency.Beijing university, vice President of the college mathematics LiuBin said,"Pku students exams don't care about the difficulty of the examination,They care about examination purpose type.The high school education about pure examination.Middle school teacher put the exam questions into several types,Tell the students various questions and solving the trick.This makes a lot of students in the university examination feel does not adapt."

　　柳彬介绍，在美国和法国，很多知名中学都开设了大学先修课程，请大学知名教授给中学生上课，尽早地激发孩子们的学习兴趣，把握16—17岁这一黄金年龄段。

LiuBin introduced,In the United States and France,Many famous middle school opened the first university courses,Please university professors for high school students in class,As early as possible to stimulate children's interest in learning,Grasp the 16-17 years old this golden age.

　　目前，很多中学已经开始有意识地根据学生的不同需求和不同兴趣做分层培养，但无法回避的高考指挥棒，让许多学校处于两难境地。

At present,Many middle school has started to make a conscious effort to according to the students' different needs and different interested in doing hierarchical culture,But cannot avoid the university entrance exam baton,Let many schools in a dilemma.

　　“中学找到我们，希望采取不一样的录取制度，适应中学这种人才培养模式的改变，从而更好地保护学生的兴趣，对求知欲进行更好的鼓励。”北大招办主任秦春华介绍，“中学现在最大的希望是与大学对接，希望大学伸手拉一把，以改变基础教育在应试方面存在的严重问题。”

"Middle school find our,Would like to take a different admission system,To adapt to the middle school the talent training mode change,So as to better protect students' interest,Desire to better encourage."Peking University manages director QinChunHua is introduced,"Now the biggest hope is middle school and university butt,Want the university reached out his hand and a,By changing the basic education in the examination are serious problems."

　　在人才选拔和培养方面，大学也面临着较大压力。“基础教育，特别是高中教育的最后阶段，以培训的方式替代教育的情况越来越严重。在一些学校，考评学生是否优秀，不是看学生能否做对题，而是要求学生看到题目不假思索写出答案，这不是教育，是训练小白鼠形成条件反射。”秦春华说。

In the personnel selection and training,Universities are facing greater pressure."Foundation education,Especially in the last stage of high school education,In the training mode of alternative education is more and more serious.In some schools,Appraisal student is good,Not see whether students to do the right question,But require students to see the topic to write an answer without thinking,This is not education,Is the training mice formation conditions reflection."QinChunHua said.

　　北京大学一位毕业生称，身边有许多同学刚到北大时表现出强烈的不适。很多人不知道兴趣在哪，不知道自己的好恶，不知道什么适合自己，老师说的都是对的，没有自己独立的见解。

A graduate of Peking University says,There are many students just to the north demonstrate strong discomfort.Many people do not know where is interested in,Don't know his likes and dislikes,Don't know what suitable for you,The teacher said is right,Has not had its own independent opinions.

突破 breakthrough

先修课程尝试衔接教育“脱钩”，有望获更多高校认可 First try to join education courses"decoupling",The university is expected to be more recognition

　　国外经验证明，大学先修课程可以较好地解决中学教育与大学教育脱钩的问题。

Foreign experience that,University first courses can solve high school education and university education decoupling problem.

　　学生根据个人兴趣，提前体验、了解大学课程，为完成大学阶段的学习做准备。“让学有余力的学生提早接触大学课程，可以为将来理性选择大学专业奠定基础。”柳彬认为，“修大学先修课程可以表明学生有能力完成大学教育，并充分展示自己某方面的学业成就，为将来大学自主选拔提供依据。”

Students according to the personal interest,Advance experience/To know about the college course,To complete the college to prepare learning."Let the students learn to have left early contact university courses,For future rational choice university major lay the foundation."LiuBin think,"Repair university first courses can be found that the students have the ability to complete the college education,And fully display their certain aspects of the academic achievement,University autonomy for the future provide a basis for selection."

　　记者了解到，从2013年春季学期开始，全国部分中学将在现有高中选修课体系里，在数学、物理、化学、中文和历史等基础学科领域开设微积分、电磁学、大学化学、中国古代文化、中国通史(古代部分)五门“中国大学先修课程”。根据计划，2013年秋季学期还将陆续推出线性代数、几何学、力学、热学、光学、近代物理、化学前沿、经典名篇选读、世界历史、人文地理、环境科学、心理学、生命科学、微观经济学、宏观经济学等10余门先修课程。

The reporter understands,From 2013 spring semester began,The part of the middle school will be in current high school elective course system,In mathematics/physical/chemical/Chinese and history and other basic disciplines open differential and integral calculus/electromagnetism/University chemistry/Ancient Chinese culture/General history of China(Part of the ancient)Five door"The Chinese university first courses".According to the plan,The 2013 fall semester will also launch linear algebra/geometry/mechanics/thermal/optical/Modern physics/Chemical front/Classic masterpiece in/The history of the world/Human geography/Environmental science/psychology/Life science/microeconomics/Macroeconomics, etc more than ten door first courses.

　　为进一步支持“中国大学先修课程”项目的实施，先修课程的课程标准和教学大纲先期由北京大学相关学科的资深教授和中学骨干教师共同制定。每年7月，“中国大学先修课程”委员会将组织统一考试，颁布更新课程标准。

To further support the"The Chinese university first courses"Project implementation,Ap course curriculum standard and teaching outline advance by Peking University related discipline senior professors and middle school teachers to establish.Every year on July,"The Chinese university first courses"Committee will organize unified exam,Issued updated curriculum standard.

　　“我们也正在同清华大学、复旦大学、天津大学、浙江大学、北京师范大学等高校讨论，中学的大学先修课程未来有望被更多高校认可。”秦春华说。(记者 赵婀娜)

"We also is working with tsinghua university/Fudan university/Tianjin university/Zhejiang university/Beijing normal university and other universities to discuss,The first middle school university courses in the future is expected to be more recognized universities."QinChunHua said.(Reporter zhao graceful)