“要想提高国家文化品质就必须全面实施社会美育。”北京美育与文明研究基地秘书长丁旭东认为，美育是一个人终生都要进行的课题，学界和政界应尽快达成共识、形成合力，尽快研究、建构起完善的国民社会美育系统，避免让学校成为美育的单一途径。从而不断提升国民艺术素养和文化消费品味，提高社会文化生产和发展水平，保持中国文化高质量的发展。

"If you want to improve the quality of national culture must fully implement social aesthetic education."Beijing aesthetic education and civilization research base secretary-general DingXuDong think,Aesthetic education is a lifetime to the topic,Scholars and politicians should reach an agreement as soon as possible/To form the joint effort,Study as soon as possible/Construct the perfect national social aesthetic education system,Avoid let school become the single way of aesthetic education.So as to continuously improve the national artistic and cultural consumption taste,Improve the social and cultural production and development level,Keep the Chinese culture the development of high quality.

　　美育，也称为审美教育或美感教育，是培养学生认识美、爱好美和创造美的能力的教育。党的十六大就已提出“德智体美全面发展”的教育方针，但当前学校的美育状况依然不容乐观，美育仍未得到全社会的普遍重视。

Aesthetic education,Also known as the aesthetic education and aesthetic education,Is to train students to understand beauty/Love beauty and create beauty ability of education.The party's 16 big has been put forward"Comprehensive development of virtue, wisdom, body, beauty"'s education policy,But the current school aesthetic education situation is still not optimistic,Aesthetic education is still not get the entire social the universal attention.

　　近日，中国青年报社会调查中心通过题客调查网和民意中国网，对8322人进行的调查显示，30.2%的受访者认为美育在高中阶段的落实情况最差。58.8%的人认为学校、家长和学生没有充分认识到美育的重要性。84.5%的人认为学生需要美育。

recently,The China youth daily social survey center through the topic guest DiaoZhaWang and public opinion China,A survey of 8322 people display,30.2% of respondents believe that aesthetic education in high school to carry out the worst.58.8% of the people think that school/Parents and students are not aware of the importance of aesthetic education.84.5% of the people think that students need to aesthetic education.

“当前学校的美育从本质上讲，是标准答案式的常识和技能教育” "The current school aesthetic essentially,Is a standard answer type knowledge and skills education"

　　大二学生田峰的小学和中学分别在农村、城镇度过，现在就读于某省会城市高校。在她的印象里，小学课程表上的音乐、美术课“只是个形式”，根本没人教，初中的艺术课也经常被其他“主课”占用，高中课程表上更完全找不到艺术课的影子。“直到大学，我才好好上了几堂美育课，可对审美都没什么感觉了。”田峰说。

Sophomore TianFeng primary and secondary schools in rural areas, respectively/Town through,Now I am studying at city province university.In her impression,Primary school curriculum on the music/art"Is just a form",Didn't taught,Junior high school of art classes are often by other"Main subject"occupancy,The high school curriculum more completely can not find the shadow of the art class."Until the university,I just take a few hall aesthetic education class,For no aesthetic feeling."TianFeng said.

　　调查中，60.9%的人反映学校的美育课经常被其他课程占用；56.4%的人表示美育任课教师缺乏专业知识，或由其他课程教师兼任；54.6%的人反映美育课无人教授，形同虚设。

In the investigation,60.9% of respondents school aesthetic education class is often take other courses;56.4% said aesthetic education teachers lack of professional knowledge,Or by other course teachers concurrently;54.6% of the people reflect the aesthetic education class professor no one,eroded.

　　“不少艺术专业的学生缺乏对艺术的理解和热爱。”马先生是一名架子鼓老师，他告诉记者，他辅导的学生大多以考级为目的，偏重技能而不愿在音乐鉴赏上花时间。“即使接受了专业训练，听觉可能还是很迟钝，可以忍受劣质的音响和单调的旋律，不能从一流音乐中获得情感体验和人格熏陶，更不懂得从生活中寻找灵感去创作。”

"Many art students lack of understanding and love of art."Mr Ma is a frame beat the teacher,He told reporters,He coached students mostly with for the purpose of cma,Lay particular stress on skills rather than in music appreciation on time."Even if accepted professional training,Hearing may still very dull,Can tolerate bad sound and monotonous rhythm,Not the first-class music get emotional experience and personality edification,More do not know from life looking for inspiration to create."

　　在一所农村小学教语文的张老师说，他们学校一直没有专职音乐教师给学生上音乐课。“不少农村孩子缺乏音乐常识，只会跟着电视唱唱流行歌曲，直到上高中也不知道啥是‘交响乐’。有些孩子甚至没见过一件乐器。”

In a rural primary school to teach Chinese teacher zhang said,Their school has not professional music teachers give students music lessons."Many rural children lack of music knowledge,Only will follow TV singing pop songs,Until high school also don't know what is‘symphony’.Some children even haven't seen a musical instrument."

　　调查显示，仅27.7%的人认为当下青少年对美的鉴赏能力较好，37.2%的人认为“一般”，43.1%的人认为“较差”。

Investigation shows that,Only 27.7% of the people think that the youth of beauty appreciation ability is good,37.2% of the people think"general",43.1% of the people think"poor".

　　北京师范大学教育学部教授檀传宝认为，当前学校美育存在以下问题：首先，艺术类课程比重太低，有些学校连国家明文规定的艺术课都不愿或没条件开设；第二，学校和教师对美育概念把握不准确，一些异化的艺术教育甚至让孩子失去审美的兴趣和能力；第三，大量生活中的美和美育资源被无视或浪费。

Beijing normal university education division TanChuanBao think professor,The current school aesthetic existence the question:First of all,The proportion of art course is too low,Some schools even national express provision in the art classes are not willing to or not to open condition;The second,Schools and teachers to aesthetic concept to grasp the inaccurate,Some of the alienation of art education and even make them lose their aesthetic interest and ability;The third,A lot of the beauty in the life and aesthetic education resources are ignoring or waste.

　　“当前我们学校的美育从本质上讲，不是美的教育，而是标准答案式的常识和技能教育。”北京美育与文明研究基地秘书长丁旭东指出，审美教育应该培养和发展人的感性素质，敏锐人的感知能力。“比如一个身在异乡的人，他会从家乡一碗水、一碗饭中获得思乡的情感体验。而当前学校美育由于忽视了形式美感和意蕴的感受、表达和创造，反而消弭了人性发展需要的独特性、自由性和自主性。”

"The current our school aesthetic essentially,Education is not the,But the standard answer type knowledge and skills education."Beijing aesthetic education and civilization research base DingXuDong pointed out that general secretary,Aesthetic education should cultivate and development of the human perceptual quality,Keen perception of people."Such as a body in foreign people,He will be home from a bowl of water/A bowl of rice get homesick feelings.And the current school aesthetic education because ignores the form beauty and significance of feeling/Expression and create,But level to the development of the human uniqueness/Freedom and autonomy."

58.8%的人认为学校、家长和学生没有充分认识到美育的重要性 58.8% of the people think that school/Parents and students are not aware of the importance of aesthetic education

　　“大多数农村学校没有专业的音乐教师。”张老师说，专职的音乐教师往往没有可以看得见的“教学成绩”，量化分数低，晋升职称比较困难。有些原来学音乐、美术、体育专业的老师，在参加自考或成教时，只能改报中文、数学等专业。

"Most rural schools have no professional music teachers."Teacher zhang said,Full-time music teachers often not visible"Teaching achievements",Quantitative score low,The promotion title more difficult.Some original learn music/art/Sports professional teacher,In the provision of, or when,Can only change to Chinese/Mathematics and other professional.

　　对于学校美育落实差的原因，调查中，63.1%的人认为是应试教育导致学生精力集中于“主课”，无暇顾及其他；58.8%的人表示是学校、家长和学生没有充分认识到美育的重要性；46.7%的人认为是课程师资与设备资源不充足、不均衡；33.2%的人表示是相关理论研究成果缺乏，难以为学校美育提供系统指导。

To carry out aesthetic education school reasons of the poor,In the investigation,63.1% of the people think that is takes an exam the education causes students to focus on"Main subject",Too busy to attend to other;58.8% said is the school/Parents and students are not aware of the importance of aesthetic education;46.7% of the people think that is the curriculum teaching staff and equipment resources is not enough/disequilibrium;33.2% said that is related to the lack of theoretical research,To provide guidance for the school aesthetic education system.

　　“虽然教育方针时常提起，但美育在我国教育实践，远未受到应有的重视和尊重。”檀传宝指出，我国很长一段时间都在集中精力致力于经济发展，社会文化环境不利于关注美育。因为忽略美育，人们在其概念理解上就存在误区，导致教育实践中问题百出。

"Although education policy often mention,But aesthetic education practice in our country,Far not been given due attention and respect."TanChuanBao pointed out that,Our country for a long time in the focus on the economy development,Social culture environment to pay attention to the aesthetic education.Because of ignoring aesthetic education,People in the concept understanding is error,Lead to education practice a problem.

　　丁旭东认为，一方面，我国当前教育顶层设计存在缺陷，偏重理性教育而严重缺失感性教育，背离了促进人的综合素养、多元智能均衡发展的教育根本目的；另一方面，教育实施缺少对艺术美育本质规律的把握，导致许多学校艺术美育课形式化、边缘化，无法实现美育的效果和应有之义。还有一个关键是，学校教育者和学生家长整体对美育的重要意义认识不够，致使学校美育往往成为让位于智力教育的“牺牲品”。

DingXuDong think,On the one hand,China's current education top design defects,Lay particular stress on the rational education and serious lack emotional education,From the promote the comprehensive quality/Multiple intelligences of balanced development of education fundamental purpose;On the other hand,Education implementation lack of artistic aesthetic grasp of the rules of nature,Lead to many school art aesthetic education class formalization/marginalization,Unable to realize the effect of aesthetic education and the meanings.There is a key is,School educators and parents of students overall understanding of the important significance of aesthetic education is not enough,The school is located in the aesthetic education often becomes the intelligence to education"victim".

“提高国家文化品质就必须全面实施社会美育” "Improve the quality of national culture must fully implement social aesthetic education"

　　调查中，84.5%的人肯定学生需要上美育课，10.9%的人感觉“不好说”，仅3.0%的人认为不需要。

In the investigation,84.5% of the people must students need on aesthetic education class,10.9% of the people feel"Not say",Only 3.0% of the people think that don't need.

　　檀传宝认为，首先，美育本身是有意义的。许多教育学家和美学家都认为，美育能够修复异化的人格，促进人的自由和全面发展；其次，美育对于德育也是有意义的。“美育中的社会美，其形式、内容本身就蕴含道德上的褒贬。比如电影、小说，是非善恶的判断都在里面。虽然审美素养的提高不能完全等同于道德素养的提高，但从概率上看，审美素养的提高有益于一个人的人格朝着健康方向发展。”

TanChuanBao think,First of all,Aesthetic education itself is meaningful.Many education experts and aesthetes all think,Aesthetic education can repair the alienation of personality,To promote freedom and comprehensive development;secondly,Aesthetic education for moral education is also meaningful."The social aesthetic beauty,The form/Content itself contains moral praise or blame.Such as movies/novel,Is good and evil judgment are inside.Although the improvement of aesthetic quality are not completely equal to the improvement of moral accomplishment,But look from probability,Aesthetic quality is beneficial to the improvement of a person's personality towards a healthy direction."

　　调查显示，70.0%的人认为美育能培养学生的人文素养，引导学生感知和热爱生活；56.6%的人认为能激发学生的创新意识和能力；58.0%的人认为能引导孩子选择健康的娱乐方式；40.1%的人认为有利于促进民族艺术传承和文化产业发展；37.2%的人认为能提升社会整体文化品位。

Investigation shows that,70.0% of the people think that aesthetic education to cultivate students' humanistic quality,Lead the students perception and love life;56.6% of the people think that can stimulate the students' innovation consciousness and ability;58.0% of the people think that can guide the children choose healthy entertainment;40.1% of the people think that to promote national art inheritance and development of cultural industry;37.2% of the people think that can promote social overall culture grade.

　　如何改善学校美育现状？66.3%的人呼吁应改变应试教育制度，解放学生身心；57.9%的人建议宣传认识美育的意义，提高重视程度；44.0%的人希望平衡教育资源，完善教学设备；40.9%的人期待提升社会审美品位，在全社会创造重视美育的氛围。

How to improve school aesthetic education present situation?66.3% of the people are calling for a should change examination education system,Liberation student body and mind;57.9% of the people who know the meaning of aesthetic education propaganda Suggestions,Improve the value of;44.0% of the people hope to balance education resources,Perfect teaching equipment;40.9% of the people are looking forward to improve the social aesthetic taste,In the whole society pay more attention to create the atmosphere of aesthetic education.

　　檀传宝建议，一方面，国家需要落实已经颁布的美育政策，制定更高美育标准；另一方面，也要注意对美育概念的正确把握，防止落实过程中的异化。他提醒，做空头美育家或美学家是不行的。“教育者需要把最好的美学理论，通过多学科的交叉结合，化为有效的美育课程，引起学生的兴趣。”

TanChuanBao Suggestions,On the one hand,The country needs to implement aesthetic education policy has been issued,Make higher aesthetic standard;On the other hand,Also want to pay attention to aesthetic concept to grasp the correct,To prevent the implement process of alienation.He reminded,Do bear aesthetic home or esthetician is no good."Educators need to the best aesthetic theory,Through the multidisciplinary cross combination,Into effective aesthetic education course,Arouse student's interest."

　　“要想提高国家文化品质就必须全面实施社会美育。”丁旭东认为，美育是一个人终生都要进行的课题，学界和政界应尽快达成共识、形成合力，尽快研究、建构起完善的国民社会美育系统，避免让学校成为美育的单一途径。从而不断提升国民艺术素养和文化消费品味，提高社会文化生产和发展水平，保持中国文化高质量的发展。周易

"If you want to improve the quality of national culture must fully implement social aesthetic education."DingXuDong think,Aesthetic education is a lifetime to the topic,Scholars and politicians should reach an agreement as soon as possible/To form the joint effort,Study as soon as possible/Construct the perfect national social aesthetic education system,Avoid let school become the single way of aesthetic education.So as to continuously improve the national artistic and cultural consumption taste,Improve the social and cultural production and development level,Keep the Chinese culture the development of high quality.book