教师须指导学生妥善回收和放置化学品 Teacher should guide students properly recovery and placed chemicals

　　近日，本市一所高中发生一起化学实验室残留物“爆炸”事故，造成校内一清洁工受伤。此事也引发了师生们的议论如何合理处置实验过程中产生的废气、废液、废渣，以及如何加强对学生的实验安全技能教育。

recently,The city with a high school chemistry lab happened residue"explosion"accident,Cause the injured a cleaner.It also led to the teachers and students about how to reasonable disposal experiment in the process of gas/liquor/waste,And how to strengthen the safety education of students' experimental skills.

实验事故并非个案 The accident is not the case

　　据悉，发生事故的那所学校里的一位清洁工，在教室内打扫卫生时看到一个玻璃瓶，便打算清洗再利用，不料，瓶子中有化学品残留物，遇水突然发生强烈反应并导致瓶子炸裂，致使她的面部和手部多处划伤，鲜血直流。据初步了解，玻璃瓶内可能残存有化学物质金属钠。

It is reported,The accident that school a cleaner,When cleaning the classroom to see a glass bottle,Then intend to reuse of cleaning,but,The bottle of chemical residue,The influence of water sudden strong reaction and cause the bottle burst,Left her face and hands several scratches,Blood dc.According to preliminary understanding,In the remaining glass may have chemical sodium metal.

　　学校实验室特别是化学实验室发生爆燃、爆炸的事故已并非个案。比如，本市曾有一所中职学校发生过氢气爆炸，一名正在做实验的教师面部与手臂等多处被烧伤。而本市某理工类高校，也曾发生过一起氯气罐泄漏事故，当场造成多人受伤。

The school laboratory especially chemical laboratory happen deflagration/Explosion accidents have is not the case.Such as,This city has a secondary vocational school happened hydrogen gas explosion,A is doing the experiment teachers face and arms and so on place burnt.And this city a polytechnic universities,Also have happened with chlorine tank leakage accident,On the spot have been wounded.

固定回收废弃物品 Fixed recycling discarded items

　　试剂瓶里的废液、做实验用过的残渣，有时就随手倒入了水斗或丢进垃圾桶，甚至实验用的小白鼠也直接扔掉……无论是在大学还是在中学的实验室里，这样的情况并非少见。其实，早在2005年教育部、国家环境保护总局就曾联合下发了《关于加强高等学校实验室排污管理的通知》，严禁把废气、废液、废渣等“三废”化学品和污染物直接向外界排放。

Reagent bottle of liquor/Do the experiment used residue,Sometimes it into the sink or in the trash can,Even the little white rat is also directly away……Whether in university or in the middle school in the laboratory,This situation is not rare.In fact,As early as in 2005 the ministry of education/State environmental protection administration has issued a joint[On strengthening the management of higher school laboratory sewage notice],The waste gas is strictly prohibited/liquor/Slag, etc"waste"Chemicals and pollutants discharge directly to the outside world.

　　为此，华东师范大学在闵行校区专门成立了实验室废弃物管理中心。每周的固定时间内，该中心都会组织专门人力，设固定的场所，对各实验室教科研活动中产生的废弃物进行集中的回收处置。按要求，各类废弃物应分类送储，容器外须加贴标签，并注明废弃物的品名；用玻璃试剂瓶封装的废液（包括空瓶），须用试剂箱（框）装好后再送储。

therefore,East China normal university in minhang campus formed a special laboratory waste management center.The fixed time every week,The center will organization specialized human,A fixed place,The laboratory education and scientific research activities of the waste to concentrate recycle and disposal.According to the requirements,All kinds of waste should be classified to store,The container should be multiple tags,And indicate the name of the waste;Glass reagent bottle packaging waste(Including empty bottle),Must use reagent box(box)Installed resend store.

教师应做规范指导 Teachers should do standard guidance

　　相比于大学，中学实验室的“三废”处置目前还没有相应的行政规定，完全靠各校的自律。而且，与大学生不同的是，中学生尚未成年，对他们的实验安全保护就显得尤为重要。据了解，虽然几乎每所中学的理化生实验室的墙上，都会张贴有相关的规章制度，但基本上还是以防火、防盗、防破坏、防自然灾害事故为主，对于废气、废液、废渣和废弃化学品、废弃实验动物的处置，大多没有明确规定。

College than,Middle school laboratory"waste"Disposal there is no corresponding administrative regulations,Completely depend on the overall self-discipline.and,And college students are different,Middle school students has not been adult,For their experiment security protection is particularly important.It is understood,Although almost every secondary school physical laboratory wall,Will post related rules and regulations,But basically or in the fire/security/Against the destruction of/Prevent natural disasters and accidents is given priority to,For waste gas/liquor/Waste residue and waste chemicals/Laboratory animal waste disposal,There is no specific provision in the most.

　　上海交大附中化学特级教师杜淑贤说，如何在实验操作中不发生意外、如何处置好实验残留物，教师首先要做必要的规范指导。比如，要明确告知学生，哪些化学品在什么情况下是会发生燃烧、爆炸的，哪些废弃化学品是有毒有害的，必须妥善回收和放置。只有这样，才能确保师生的安全并保护环境。

Shanghai jiaotong university school of chemical super teacher DuShuXian said,How to in the operation of the accident/How to deal with the good experimental residue,The teacher first of all to do the necessary specifications guidance.Such as,To clear told students,What chemicals under what circumstances occur combustion/explosion,What waste chemicals are poisonous harmful,Recovery and must be properly placed.Only in this way,To ensure the safety of teachers and students and protect the environment.

　　本报记者 王蔚

Our reporter WangWei