在华中科技大学从硕士一路念到博士，在男多女少的工科专业，作为一名女博士，曾令(化名)的科研能力相当出色。但是，光鲜的博士帽并没有给她的求职增添多少砝码。

In huazhong university of science and technology from the master to read all the way to the doctor,Less in the male more than female engineering professional,As a female doctor,Used to make(Not his real name)Scientific research ability is quite good.but,Shiny BoShiMao didn't add much weight to her job.

　　眼下逐步进入应届毕业生求职高峰期。记者在近期的人才市场招聘会上发现，一些名牌高校的硕士、博士求职却屡遭被查本科“出身”的尴尬。即使硕士、博士都出自“名门”，如果本科不幸“沦落”到二本或非名牌院校，用人单位只需一则招聘简章，就能轻松让你出局。

Step by step into the peak period of fresh graduates to apply for a job at the moment.Reporters found the talent market recruitment meeting in the near future,Some famous university master's degree/Dr. Job but have been checked in"Was born"The embarrassed.Even if the master's degree/Dr Are from"noble",If undergraduate"reduced"By 2 or less prestigious universities,Unit of choose and employ persons just a recruitment brochure,Could easily make you out.

现象：博士求职被“查三代” phenomenon:Dr. Job was"Check the three generations of"

　　近日，她在应聘武汉一所二本高校时，顺利通过了院方的笔试、面试，并得到院领导的口头承诺，但办理入职手续时，却在该高校人事处卡了壳。“就因为我本科念的是一所不太起眼的学校。”曾令说，她本科时就读长沙铁道学院，该院虽后来与中南工业大学、湖南医科大学一同合并组成现在的中南大学，属于国家“985”部省共建的高水平院校，但她2001年本科毕业时，长沙铁道学院还没有被合并。“我知道自己的过去不够辉煌，所以现在越来越努力。没想到影响未来的，恰恰是过去的历史。”对于求职时学历被查三代，曾令只能苦笑。她告诉记者，除了上述的那所高校在最后关头“明示”她因为本科就读院校一般而败北以外，一些“211”院校并不会直接告诉她为什么不行，但就是不行。“招聘简章里不会明文规定，但第一道被筛下来的，通常都是本科学历一般的。”曾令说，她身边很多同学都因为本科“出身”栽跟头，大家经历的多了，还总结出一句顺口溜：“三个985，求职不受苦”。

recently,When she was applying for one of 2 universities in wuhan,Successfully passed the written examination of the hospital/The interview,And get to the verbal commitment,But when the entry formalities,But the shell op card in the colleges and universities."Just because I don't read undergraduate course is an outstanding school."Have to say,Her bachelor degree at changsha railway institute,Although the court later with central south university of technology/Central south university of hunan medical university merged together now,Belong to the state"985"Department of the province to build high level colleges and universities,But her undergraduate course graduation in 2001,Changsha railway institute has not be merged."I don't know their past glory,So now more and more efforts.Affect the future,Is the history of the past."For job searching degree by three generations,Have can only wry smile.She told reporters,In addition to the above of the colleges and universities at the last minute"express"She lost because of the undergraduate study in colleges and universities in general,some"211"Colleges and universities does not directly tell her why not,But you can't."Not stated in the recruitment brochure,But was the first screen,Usually is a bachelor's degree in general."Have to say,Next to her a lot of students for undergraduate"Was born"stumble,Everyone experiences,Also sums up the phrase in mandarin:"Three 985,To apply for a job without suffering".

　　武汉一位在读博士生给记者讲述了他同专业同学小邱的故事：在导师和同学眼中，小邱非常优秀，在硕士、博士期间得过很多奖学金，就业时却因为第一学历是三本院校而屡遭挫折。很多需要该专业的学校，一看小邱的第一学历是“三本”便直接表态：他们需要本科阶段是全日制“211”或“985”院校的博士。

Wuhan a reading with professional doctoral student to reporters about his classmate qiu's story:In the teacher and classmates' eyes,Small high is very good,In the master's degree/Too many scholarships during the Dr,When employment is due to the first record of formal schooling is the three colleges have been setbacks.Many need the professional schools,A look at the small first degree is high"The three"We say directly:They need is a full-time undergraduate school"211"or"985"Colleges and universities of Dr.

矛盾：高校企业各有说法 contradiction:College enterprise have their own claims

　　在接受采访的诸多博士生看来，高校和国企是最注重新进硕士、博士人员“出身”的两类去处。既然求职者已经取得了硕士甚至博士的头衔，这些用人单位为何仍对其本科院校“关怀备至”呢？同一所名牌大学的硕士、博士，本科时就读于普通高校的，与本科出身重点大学的，区别究竟在哪呢？

It seems to many PhD students interviewed,Colleges and state-owned enterprises are the most pay attention to the new master/Dr Personnel"Was born"The two types of destination.Since the candidate has achieved the title of master or even doctor,Why does the unit of choose and employ persons the undergraduate course colleges and universities"Take a good care"??The same famous university master's degree/doctor,The undergraduate study in ordinary colleges and universities,To a key university and undergraduate background,Just where is difference?

　　武汉大学电气工程学院党委副书记康俊明坦言，该学院近年来在招博士生时，第一学历确实是学院选人时比较重要的标准，当然并不绝对。作为主管研究生工作的领导，他透露，不少大型国企、研究所在招聘时，也会很注重毕业生的本科“出身”，“比如像国家电网这类热门单位，应聘的人太多，第一道门槛就比较高。”

The school of electrical engineering, wuhan university, deputy party secretary Kang Junming admits,When the school recruit doctoral student in recent years,The first degree is college candidates of the more important standard,Of course is not absolute.As the director of graduate work of leadership,He said,Many large state-owned enterprises/When in the recruitment,Also very pay attention to the undergraduate course graduates"Was born","Such as hot units such as the national grid,Apply for too many people,The first line of the threshold is relatively high."

　　康俊明分析，今年的大学毕业生就业形势较为严峻，不少企业较去年都缩减了招聘计划，在职位有限报名者又众多的情况下，也更倾向于优中选优。他表示，以他们院的情况来看，至少有三分之一的研究生生源，本科是非重点院校，用人单位此举，能够花最少的精力，在第一关就淘汰一部分人，“这样做倒未必就是否认这些毕业生的能力。”

Kang Junming analysis,This year's college graduates employment situation is more serious,Compared to last year, many companies have scaled back hiring plans,In a job applicants and numerous cases limited,Also tend to be the best.He said,In their court case,At least one-third of all graduate students,Bachelor degree is a key school,Unit of choose and employ persons the move,Can spend the least amount of energy,In the first level part is eliminated,"Do not necessarily is denied the ability of graduates."

　　康俊明本人对这种选拔标准并不认同。“名校硕士、博士学历，基本能够说明这些学生具备优秀的学习能力和基本素质”。她认为追问第一学历的标准并不科学。

Kang Jun don't agree with this person for this kind of selection standard."School master/Doctor degree,Basic to illustrate these students have good learning ability and basic quality".She think that asking the first degree standard is not scientific.

　　一些企业的招聘负责人则持有不同观点。武汉某国企招聘负责人认为，从本科毕业开始，就业难就导致学生出现分流：找工作、出国深造、国内读研。该负责人认为，这种分流在很大程度上导致目前研究生含金量降低。虽然他表示第一学历不好的人并非就“差人一等”，但在同等条件下，企业必然会优先考虑本科学历更好的。“不同成熟度的企业需要不同类型的人才，私企、中小企业可能不会考虑那么多，但已具规模的大型企业却有另外的考量因素”。

Some enterprise recruiters will hold different views.Wuhan some recruiters think that state-owned enterprises,Starting from the undergraduate course graduation,Difficult employment leads to students a shunt:Looking for a job/Go abroad for further study/Domestic graduate school.The head of think,This kind of shunt value decrease to a great extent, led to the current graduate students.Although he said the first degree is not bad people"Sent and wait",But under the same conditions,Companies will give priority to bachelor degree better."Enterprises need different types of talents of different maturity,The private sector/Small and medium-sized enterprises may not consider so much,But it has large scale of enterprises has other considerations".

　　一家知名民营企业人力资源总监曹女士表示，今年该企业招聘了一定比例的研究生，虽然也会考虑毕业生第一学历，但同时更看重毕业生的能力。“本科出自名校当然就更好。”她认为人往高处走，如果招来的研究生“出身”太好，人才“留不留得住”是个问题。“因此，我们在招聘时会综合多方面的因素，以人才是否能稳定、有效地为企业服务为准则。”曹女士说。

A leading private enterprise human resources director cao said,This year the company recruit a certain proportion of graduate students,Although also will consider the first degree graduates,But at the same time more important ability of graduates."Bachelor degree from school of course better."She thought the man struggles upwards,If recruit graduate student"Was born"good,talent"Stay up"Is a problem."so,When we in the recruitment of a comprehensive factors,With talent can stable/Service to the principle of for the enterprise effectively."Ms. Cao said.

市场：博士饱和僧多粥少 market:Dr Saturated openings

　　教育部、国家发改委今年5月联合下发的《2012年全国研究生招生计划的通知》显示，今年我国研究生计划招生规模达58.4416万人，其中博士生67216人，硕士生51.72万人。与9年前的2003年相比，招生规模增长了1.17倍，其中博士生、硕士生的招生规模分别增长了37.9%和1.35倍。

The ministry of education/The national development and reform commission jointly issued in May this year[In 2012 the national graduate admissions program]display,Graduate program enrollment scale in our country is 584416 this year,Among them 67216 people of doctoral student,Master 517200.Compared with the nine years ago in 2003,Recruitment of students scale has increased by 1.17 times,The doctoral student/Master the recruitment of students scale increased by 37.9% and 1.35 times respectively.

　　有调查显示，我国每名博士生导师平均带5.77名博士研究生，远远高于国外每名导师带2至3名学生的比例。据统计，教育部及其他部属81所高校，2011年新增的博士点数量超过1019个，其中增加最多的大学新增博士点数量达60个。从国际上来看，我国的博士学位授予数目前仅次于美国，在数量上已成为世界上博士研究生教育大国。“今年，本土企业的招聘计划缩减幅度较大，招研究生的本来就不多，其中高校还占了大头。”湖北人力资源中心招聘部负责人刘建全表示，用人单位的招聘计划只有那么多，而硕士、博士人才却逐年增多，形成了僧多粥少的就业局面。

Have a survey,Each doctoral supervisor in China on average 5.77 doctor graduate students,Is much higher than foreign each mentor with the proportion of 2 to 3 students.According to the statistics,The ministry of education and other subordinate 81 colleges and universities,Number more than 1019 new doctoral degree in 2011,Among them the biggest increase amount up to 60 new doctoral degree at university.From the international point of view,At present, the number of doctorates granted in after the United States,Has become one of the world in terms of the PhD education power."This year,Local firms' hiring plans to shrink range is bigger,Recruit graduate already not much,Colleges and universities which also accounts for the bulk."Hubei province human resources center, head of recruitment LiuJianQuan said,The employer's recruitment plan is only so much,And a master's/Dr. Talents is increasing year by year,Formed the overcrowded situation of employment.

　　应届博士毕业生小杨告诉记者，现在博士多了，不光是国内高校毕业的，还有很多海归博士也加入到国内的求职大军中，竞争激烈，“用人单位选择多，又没有那么多精力去做筛选，在本科学历上设一道硬杠杠，就能拦住一批人。”

Dr. Graduates xiao Yang told reporters,Now Dr,It is not only graduate from domestic colleges and universities,There are many sea turtles Dr Joined domestic job in the army,competitive,"Unit of choose and employ persons more choice,And don't have much energy to do the screening,A hard leverage is set on the bachelor's degree,Can stop a group of people."

说法：学历歧视须避免 claim:Degree discrimination should be avoided

　　“本科出身论”的盛行，让高考复读学校有了更多的招生机会。武汉一所高考复读校最近窃喜，该校目前已有400多名考生报名，较去年同期人数超出了20%，而且其中40%的报名者高考成绩都能上二本。报名者中，理科最高分达645分，文科最高分614分。这些考生复读的目标很简单，冲击北大清华等名校以及其他重点高校。据悉，该校今年有20多名复读生考上北大清华。

"Bachelor degree from theory"The prevalence of,Let the enrollment of the university entrance exam answer read school have more opportunities.Wuhan a restudy the school college entrance examination in recent secretly pleased,The school has more than 400 candidates,Beyond the 20% from the same period a year earlier,And 40% of the applicants on 2 of the university entrance exam.Applicants in,Science 645 points,Liberal arts 614 points.The examinee retake courses goal is simple,Impact of Peking University tsinghua university and other famous universities, as well as other key universities.It is reported,The school has more than 20 restudy this year admitted to Peking University, tsinghua university.

　　教育学者熊丙奇对此感叹：我国考生和家长现在都关注优质的“一本资源”(全国范围内平均录取率仅为8.5%)，使得高考焦虑比扩招前的1998年还要严重。“当时，考上专科，就已经算得上升学成功，而现在，没考上一本，在一些地方被认为是没考上大学，高职高专被不少考生放弃。”熊丙奇说，如果所有考生关注的都是优质高等教育资源，不管教育怎么发展，升学的焦虑将不可能消除。

Education scholar xiong bingqi, sigh:Students and parents in China are now focused on high quality"A copy of the resource"(The nationwide average acceptance rate is only 8.5%),Make the university entrance exam anxiety than before enrollment expansion in 1998."At that time,To go to college,It is bound to succeed,And now,Didn't get in a book,In some places is considered to be not admitted to the university,Higher vocational college is many students give up."Xiong bingqi said,If all the students focus on the quality of higher education resources,No matter how education development,Entrance will not be able to eliminate anxiety.

　　熊丙奇认为，博士“查三代”实际上是严重的学历歧视问题。他分析，出现这种情况主要是因为现在用人单位的人才评价体系不科学，“以学历论英雄”。“现在甚至有单位会查高中是否来自名校。”熊丙奇认为，这种有违就业公平的人才评价体系，还将导致“名校情结”愈演愈烈，加重基础教育中应试教育倾向，导致成才模式更加单一。“要解决这样的评价体系，首先需打破现在的学历体系，清理教育体系内部之间的歧视。其次要严格推进教育部的《就业促进法》。虽然我国现有的《就业促进法》要求保障就业公平，但实际上目前一些大型单位的学历歧视问题非常严重，却根本无人去查，完全没有起到应有的作用。”熊丙奇说。

Xiong bingqi thinks,doctor"Check the three generations of"In fact is a serious degree discrimination.He analysis,Now appear this kind of situation mainly because unit of choose and employ persons of talent evaluation system is not scientific,"In order to XueLiLun hero"."Now there are even unit will check whether the high school from school."Xiong bingqi thinks,This goes against the employment fairness of talent evaluation system,Will also lead to"School obsession"intensified,Aggravating tendency to exam-oriented education in basic education,Lead to success more single mode."To solve the evaluation system,First of all need to break the current education system,Clean inside the discrimination between the education system.Second must advance strictly from the ministry of education[The employment promotion law].Although the existing in our country[The employment promotion law]Require guarantee fair employment,But in fact at present some large unit degree discrimination is very serious,But no one to check,Did not play a proper role."Xiong bingqi said.