进入流感高发季节，北方的个别省份，如北京、山东等，甲型H1N1在流感病毒中的比例在逐步上升，从去年12月1日到今年1月6日，全国共报告了360例甲型H1N1流感病例。2009年甲流大爆发的记忆犹在，今年的甲流是否很可怕？对此，记者采访了北京市地坛医院主任医师蔡晧东。

Enter the flu season high,The north of individual provinces,Such as Beijing/shandong,Influenza a H1N1 influenza virus in the proportion in escalation,From December 1 to January 6,,A total of 360 cases of the report the influenza a H1N1 flu cases.In 2009, a flow outbreak of memory in,This year's a flow is very terrible?this,The reporter interviewed the Beijing ditan hospital chief physician CAI east dust.

今年甲流不会爆发 This year a flow not outbreak

　　记者：为什么去年以来甲型H1N1在流感病毒中的比例会上升？这种现象正常吗？

reporter:Why since last year in a H1N1 influenza virus the proportion will rise?This kind of phenomenon normal?

　　蔡晧东：自2009年由猪流感病毒变异而来的甲型H1N1流感大爆发后，甲流病毒并没有根本消失，只不过转为小范围地流行。甲流的流行有一定的周期，小流行约每2到3年一次，大流行约每10到15年一次。每一个流行波过后，甲流就会“消停”一段时间，但不是像SARS一样完全从人间消失，而只是感染的人少了一些而已，尤其是重症的病例会减少。因为每次流行后，被感染的人就会产生一定的抵抗力，这些人往往就不会再得甲流，甲流流行率就降低了。2009年猪流感的流行一直持续到2010年春，离现在差不多2到3年，因此可能出现某些局部的小流行。

Choi dust east:Since 2009 by swine flu virus variation of H1N1 influenza pandemic influenza after,A flow virus and no fundamental disappear,Only to a small range of popular.A flow of popular have certain cycle,Small popular about every 2 to 3 years once,Flow HangYao every ten to 15 years once.Every popular after the wave,A flow will"persist"A period of time,But not like SARS as completely disappeared from the earth,But only a few people infected with it,Especially severe cases will reduce.Because every time after the popular,Infected people will produce certain resistance,These people often won't have a flow,A flow prevalence rate was reduced.2009 young pigs.older pigs may flu epidemic continued until the spring of 2010,From now almost 2 to 3 years,So may appear some local small pop.

　　记者：您认为甲流已成为季节性流感，这是否意味着它的发生和流行会成为常态？

reporter:Do you think a flow has become a seasonal influenza,Does this mean that its occurrence and popular will become normal?

　　蔡晧东：准确地说，不是“甲流成为季节性流感”，而是2009年流行的甲型H1N1流感病毒现已成为季节性流感。所谓季节性流感是指常年在人间流行，但有一定的季节性的流感。在我国，每年的冬春季就是季节性流感的流行季节。所以，以后我国每年发生的流感中都会存在甲型H1N1流感病毒的流行。

Choi dust east:accurately,not"A flow become seasonal influenza",But the popular 2009 influenza H1N1 flu virus has now become a seasonal influenza.The so-called seasonal influenza is refers to the perennial on earth pop,But there are certain seasonal flu.In our country,Every winter spring is the popular seasonal influenza season.so,After a year in our country happened in influenza a H1N1 influenza virus there will be popular.

疫苗免疫期只有一年 Vaccine immune period of only one year

　　记者：卫生部解释，最近我国甲流的流行毒株与北半球2012-2013年的疫苗株匹配性较好，怎么理解？

reporter:The ministry of health to explain,Recently our country a flow of epidemic strain in the northern hemisphere and 2012-2013 years of the vaccine strains matching the gender is good,How to understand?

　　蔡晧东：现在流行的病毒和我们疫苗中可以预防的病毒株是一样的，也就是说，现在的疫苗对预防现在流行的流感是有效的。

Choi dust east:Popular now viruses and we vaccine can prevent virus strains are the same,that,Now the vaccine to prevent popular now flu is effective.

　　记者：那是不是只有注射过流感疫苗或受过甲流感染的人，才会对甲流病毒有抵抗力？这种抵抗力能持续多久？能否抵抗发生变异的新型流感病毒？

reporter:That is only shot influenza vaccine or with a flow of those infected,Will a flow resistance to virus?This resistance can last long?Can resist change new influenza virus?

　　蔡晧东：受过甲流感染的人会对甲流产生一定的抵抗力，但只会对其感染过的甲流病毒产生一定的抵抗力。因此，如果病毒发生变异，我们需要根据病毒变异的情况研究新的流感疫苗。

Choi dust east:With a flow of infection to a flow produce certain resistance,But will only to the infection of the virus to produce a flow of certain resistance.so,If the virus change,We need according to the virus variation of the new influenza vaccine research.

　　受过甲流感染或接种过流感疫苗的人，抵抗力均不会持续太久，一般一年后就会减弱或消失。成都疾控中心对我国国产甲型H1N1流感疫苗的研究显示，免疫后1个月，有75.86%的人产生了对甲型H1N1流感病毒有效的抗体，但产生抗体一年后，62.03%的人的抗体下降，儿童和老年人接种疫苗后的第二年，疫苗则完全失去了保护力。所以，打了疫苗一年后，尤其是儿童和老年人，疫苗的作用可能消失或减弱，第二年还需要重新接种疫苗。

With a current infection or vaccination a flu vaccination,Resistance are won't last too long,Generally a year later will be weakened or lost.Chengdu CDC influenza H1N1 influenza on our domestic vaccine research shows,Immune after 1 month,75.86% of people produced for influenza H1N1 influenza virus effective antibody,But after a year to produce antibodies,62.03% of the people of the antibody decline,Children and old people after the second year of the vaccine,The vaccine is completely lost protection force.so,Hit vaccine a year later,Especially children and the elderly,The role of the vaccine may disappear or weakened,The second year also needs to be vaccinated.

春节人口流动更需防流感 The Spring Festival population flow more need to prevent the flu

　　记者：卫生部强调，最近发生的甲流病毒没有发生变异，那未来发生变异的可能性有多大？

reporter:The ministry of health emphasizes,Recent a flow virus did not change,The future change of possibility?

　　蔡晧东：流感难以控制和预防的重要原因在于它非常容易发生变异。因为流感病毒不仅感染人，还可以感染动物，甚至人和动物相互感染。由于感染动物与感染人的流感病毒的基因序列不完全一样，如果相互感染，就像老百姓常说的“串种”一样，则会变异成一种新的病毒。2009年的新型H1N1甲流病毒，就是从猪流感病毒“串种”到人间的。

Choi dust east:The flu is difficult to control and prevent the important reason is that it is very easy to change.Not only because of the flu virus infected,Can also be infected animals,Even people and animals infected with each other.Due to infection with animals infected with the flu virus gene sequences are not identical,If mutual infection,As people used to say"Series kind of"as,Will mutate into a new virus.2009 years of the new H1N1 virus a flow,Is from the swine flu virus"Series kind of"To human.

　　卫生部所说的“变异”，是针对疫苗的免疫效果而言的。流感病毒每年都会发生一些微小的变异，但这些微小的变异不会影响疫苗的免疫效果。大的变异并不总是发生，一般几年才会出现明显的变异，并影响到疫苗的效果。

The ministry of health said"variation",Is for the vaccine immune effect as.The flu virus happen every year some small changes,But these small changes will not affect the vaccine immune effect.Large variation is not always happen,General years will appear obvious variation,And the impact on the effect of the vaccine.

　　记者：近期甲流的流行会发生什么变化？哪些群体需重点关注？

reporter:Recently the popularity of a flow change what will happen?Which group need to focus on?

　　蔡晧东：甲流通过病人或感染者呼吸道分泌物、唾液、痰和喷嚏飞沫传播，它的流行有一个特点：先城市，后农村；先大城市，后小城市；先集体，后散居；随着人员流动，沿着交通线传播。春节前后是民工返乡又回城的高峰，大量流动的人口有可能把北京和一些大城市的流感疫情，沿着交通线传播到小城市和乡村，引起“民工潮甲流流行”。此外，学生每天在教室里上课，人员比较集中，再加上期末考试比较劳累，也容易造成甲流流行。

Choi dust east:A patient or a circulation of secretion of respiratory tract infections/saliva/Phlegm and sneezing droplet transmission,It's popular with a feature:The first city,Rural after;The first big cities,Small city after;The first group,Scattered after;With people flowing,Spread the aggregation.Before and after the Spring Festival is the peak of the migrant workers return home again,A large number of flow of the population likely to Beijing and some of the big cities influenza outbreak,The aggregation spread to small cities and villages,cause"A flow of migrant workers pop".In addition,The students in class in the classroom every day,Personnel more concentrated,Plus the final exam is tired,Also easy to cause a current popular.

　　流感的每一次流行会出现几个流行波，每一个流行波持续3周到4周。所以，现在打流感疫苗还不晚，从疫苗接种到机体产生抗体，一般2周左右，这可以预防春节期间至春季的一波流感流行。(本报记者 陈海波)

Influenza every popular will appear a few popular wave,Every popular wave lasts for three weeks and 4 weeks.so,Now play the flu vaccine is not late,From the vaccination to the body to produce antibodies,General 2 weeks or so,It can prevent during the Spring Festival to spring a wave of flu pandemic.(Our reporter lu)