概要：近年来，教育部等部门为治理，花了不少工夫，却一直难以斩断教辅的利益链。“行政评议、学校推荐、自愿征订、学校代购”，这就是目前教辅的利益链。取消行政评议，才是彻底切断教辅利益链的做法。

summary：In recent years，The ministry of education and other department for management，Spent a lot of time，But have been hard to take teaching assistant of the interests of the chain。“Administrative evaluation、The school is recommended、Voluntary to subscribe to the、The school to buy on sb”，That is the teaching assistant of the interests of the chain。Cancel the administrative evaluation，Is completely cut off the practice of teaching assistants interests chain。

　　专栏作者：熊丙奇

columnist：XiongBingJi

　　管理或能影响学校的利益相关单位不能再组织编写教辅材料了。近日，教育部在其网站上发布《关于加强中小学教辅材料使用管理工作的通知》，旨在切断这一饱受诟病的利益链条。(中国青年报2月25日)

Management or can affect the interests of the school related units can't compile teaching assistant materials。recently，The ministry of education on its website《On strengthening the management of primary and middle school teaching auxiliary materials use the notice》，Aims to cut off by the interests of this one for the chain。(China youth daily, 25 February)

　　近年来，教育部等部门为治理教辅乱象，花了不少工夫，可教辅的利益链，却一直难以斩断。那么，这一次，击中利益链的要害了吗？从表面上看，按通知要求，行政部门、负责实施考试命题、监测评价的单位都不得组织编写学生有偿使用的同步练习册、寒暑假作业、初中和高中毕业年级考试辅导类教辅材料，这就从“源头”上遏制了利益因素的干扰，可如果分析教辅利益链形成的逻辑，除了上述直接利益因素之外，诸多间接的利益因素干扰其实还很大程度存在。

In recent years，The ministry of education and other department for management of teaching assistant the mess，Spent a lot of time，But assistant teaching of the interests of the chain，But have been hard to take。so，This time，The key of chain hit interests？On the surface，According to the requirements，Administrative department、Be responsible for the implementation of examination paper、Monitoring and evaluation unit shall compile students paid for the use of synchronous's book、Summer and winter vacation homework、Junior high school and senior high school graduation exam grade class teaching assistant materials counselling，This is from“source”The interests of the factors on the curb interference，But if the analysis teaching assistant interests of the formation of the chain of logic，In addition to the above direct interest outside factors，Many indirect benefit interference actually is very much there。

　　上述要求，针对的对象是单位，那么，这些单位的工作人员个人编写教材，是否允许？按照通知，这部分人员是符合编写者的要求的——通知强调，“教辅材料的主要编写者必须具有相关学科教学经验和熟悉相关教材”。这部分人员的身份摆在那里，在目前的教育运行体系中，能摆脱利益影响吗？退一步说，就是不允许在职人员编写，从这些机构退休之后的人员，毫无疑问是可以编写的，他们人虽然离开，可是，影响也继续存在，或者通过原来的同事、下属，也可施加影响。

The above requirements，According to the object is the unit，so，These units of work personnel individual writing materials，Whether to allow？According to the notice，This part of the personnel with the requirements of the writers is the emphasis on-notice，“Assistant teaching material of the main writers must have relevant discipline teaching experience and familiar with relevant materials”。This part of the identity of the person is there，In the present education operation system，Can get rid of interest influence？Step back and say，Just don't allow on-the-job personnel to write，From these institutions after retirement of personnel，There is no doubt that can write，Although the person they leave，but，Influence also continue to exist，Or through the original colleagues、subordinate，Also can influence。

　　目前教辅的利益链，“源头”其实是此次通知十分明确要求的“教辅材料评议推荐办法”，通知对这一办法的描述是，“省级教育行政部门会同新闻出版行政部门、价格主管部门加强对教辅材料使用的指导，组织成立教辅材料评议委员会，对进入本省中小学校的教辅材料进行评议，择优选出若干套进行公告。各地市教材选用委员会根据当地教育实际和教科书使用情况，按照教科书选用的程序，从本省教辅材料评议公告中，一个学科每个版本选择1套教辅材料推荐给本地区学校供学生选用。”按照这一办法，教辅通过“评议”之名，就有了进入校园由学校推荐、征订的合法地位。而且，通知为这种做法，开了一个合法的通道——“若学生自愿购买本地区推荐的教辅材料并申请学校代购，学校可以统一代购，做好服务，不得从中牟利”。

At present the interests of the teaching assistant chain，“source”In fact is the clear requirements of the notice“Assistant teaching material recommended way to evaluation”，Notice this solution is described，“Provincial education administrative department in conjunction with the administrative department of press and publication、The competent departments of price of the material used to strengthen the guidance of teaching assistants，The establishment of the teaching assistant materials assessment committee，To enter the school teaching assistant materials in the province and review，According to several sets of selected for public announcement。Every city and teaching materials committee according to the local education practice and use textbooks，According to the textbook selection process，Assistant teaching materials from the province evaluation of public announcement，A discipline each version choose 1 set of reference material to recommend to the school district for students to choose。”According to this method，Assistant teaching through the“evaluation”To the name of the，Have enter the campus by the school is recommended、To subscribe to the legal status of。and，Notice for this kind of practice，Open a legal channels--“If students volunteer to buy the region's teaching assistant material and recommend purchasing apply for the school，The school can unify to buy on sb，Do service，Shall not profit from”。

　　在这一源头之下，纵使再强调“学生购买教辅材料必须坚持自愿原则”，也难以避免在实际运作中，出现强制或变相强制学生购买教辅材料的现象。就是家长和学生对变相强制做法(比如教师布置教辅上的作业)有意见，进行举报，可如果教辅在推荐名单之列，有关部门是很难查处的。学校会解释，我们是按规定推荐，家长要不要是他们的自愿。这一点，教育部门不可能不清楚，不然也就不会要求利益相关方不编写教材了。

In this under the source，Even if again“Students buy assistant teaching materials must adhere to voluntarily”，Also hard to avoid in real operation，Appear in disguised form or compulsory enforcement students buy assistant teaching material phenomenon。Parents and students in disguised form is forced to practice(Such as the teacher assigns the work of teaching assistants)opinion，report，But if teaching assistant in the recommended list，It is difficult to investigate and deal with relevant departments。The school will explain，We are recommended by the regulation，Parents or if their voluntary。this，Education department could not clear，Otherwise will not seek the interested parties don't write teaching material。

　　不难发现，“行政评议、学校推荐、自愿征订、学校代购”，这就是目前教辅的利益链，在行政力量的“呵护”下，“自愿”极有可能成为“被自愿”。在这种教辅管理模式中，教辅也成为统编教材之外，行政机构的另一个势力范围。而教辅出版机构的主要工作，将成为攻克行政评议机构，这比出版高质量的教材更管用。

Is not difficult to find，“Administrative evaluation、The school is recommended、Voluntary to subscribe to the、The school to buy on sb”，That is the teaching assistant of the interests of the chain，In the administrative power“care”under，“voluntary”Very likely“Be voluntary”。In this assistant teaching management mode，Teaching assistants also be other materials uniformity dates，Administrative agencies of another territory。And the teaching assistant publishers main work，Will become conquer administrative evaluation institutions，This is better than high quality textbook publishing more work。

　　取消这种行政评议，同时规定任何教辅材料不得通过学校推荐、征订，学生有需要，自行到书店购买，这才是彻底切断教辅利益链的做法。也就是说，教辅的出版、发行与购买，完全是市场行为，不需要行政过多的干预。至于教辅资料的质量，一方面可以通过市场的竞争促进出版机构、编写者重视质量，另一方面，行政机构可以按照有关出版的法律法规监督出版机构依法出版、发行。另外，从长远看，目前教辅市场的红火，与应试教育体系密切相关，而打破应试教育体系，正是政府部门应该作为之处，如果能切实推进中高考制度改革，建立多元评价体系，围绕学科学习的教辅，也就难以有那么大的市场。

Cancel the administrative evaluation，Any reference materials shall not be also stipulates recommend through the school、To subscribe to the，Students have the need to，To the bookstore to buy，This is completely cut off the practice of teaching assistants interests chain。That is，The publication of the teaching assistant、Issuance and buy，Is completely market behavior，Don't need too much administrative intervention。As for teaching assistant material quality，On the one hand we can through the market competition to promote publishers、Writers pay attention to quality，On the other hand，Administrative institutions may, in accordance with the relevant laws and regulations published published supervision institution in the publication、issue。In addition，In the long run，At present the teaching assistants market goods，And should try education system closely related，Should try education system and break，It is the government should as a place，If can promote ZhongGaoKao system reform，Build multivariate evaluation system，Around the subject learning teaching assistants，And it will be difficult to have a big market。