第6版词典共收条目6.9万多条，比起第5版，分量重了一点：增加单字600多个(以地名、姓氏及科技用字为主)，增收新词语和其他词语3000多条，增补新义400多项。当然，增加的不止是新词语，还有当下生活的风景和色彩。在专家眼中，新收录的都是文明的印迹、文化的结晶。

The dictionary entries of 6 edition of more than 69000，Compared with the fifth edition，A little heavy weight：Increased more than 600 words(To place、Last name and technology--primarily)，'income to new words and other more than 3000 words，Added more than 400 new meanings。Of course，The increase is more than the new words，And then the scenery and the colour of life。Experts in the eyes，New features are all civilized nations、Culture crystallization of。

A记录当下更影响未来 Then A record more influence future

　　“这些新词、新义像一面广角镜，全方位地折射社会的深刻变化，富有强烈的时代气息。”中国社会科学院原副院长、《现代汉语词典》第6版修订主持人江蓝生介绍说。

“These new words、Like a wide-angle lens new meanings，Reflect the society in all the profound changes，Rich strong spirit of The Times。”The Chinese academy of social sciences former vice President、《The modern Chinese dictionary》6 edition revised host jiang LanSheng introduced said。

　　新增的词汇涵盖了社会生活许多领域的新生事物和现象。“房贷、动车、屏蔽门、高铁、代驾、交强险、醉驾”，反映了大众日常生活；“首付、拼车、美甲、网购、塑身、自驾游、背包客、闪婚”，反映了时下流行的生活态度；“北漂、草根、社工、达人、高管、愤青、名嘴、香蕉人、小皇帝、蚁族、月光族、全职太太”，反映了一些社会群体的各自特点。还有与经济有关的“产业链、环比、负资产、文化产业”等，与社会建设和管理有关的“医改、民调、限行、摇号”等词语。

The new vocabulary covers the social life in the field of many new things and phenomena。“mortgage、Move the car、Platform screen door、High iron、Generation coming、dealing、Drunk driving”，Reflect the public daily life；“down、carpooling、Nail salon workers、e-commerce、Model body、ZiJiaYou、backpackers、Flash marriage”，Nowadays popularity reflects the attitude of life；“North drift、grassroots、Social work、da、executives、Anger green、jock、Banana people、Small emperor、Ant family、Moonlight clan、Full-time wife”，Reflects some of the social group characteristics。And the economy“Industry chain、Annulus comparing、Negative assets、Culture industry”etc，And social construction and management related“Cure of the、polls、Limit line、Wave number”words。

　　新增的老词新义也反映了流行现象，比如，“奴”的新义“特指为了偿还贷款而不得不辛苦劳作的人”，体现了当下不少年轻人的生活状态；“山寨”的新义“仿造的、非正牌的”和“非主流的、民间性质的”，反映了如今模仿之风。

The new meanings of old words new also reflect the pop phenomenon，For example，“slavery”New meanings of“Especially in order to repay the loan and have to hard work”，Reflect the current many young life status；“strongholds”New meanings of“fake、The proper”and“Outside the mainstream of、Folk properties of the”，Reflects the wind of imitation now。

　　专家指出，这些新收录的词语及词义反映的社会变迁都属意义重大，并非是昙花一现的个别现象。比如“蚁族”就反映了我国高校扩招后，大学生毕业进入社会，与下岗再就业职工和农民工潮汇聚成就业洪峰，造成我国就业压力空前增大的困境，它折射出我国社会正经历城镇化、人口结构转变、劳动力市场转型、高等教育体制改革等一系列结构性因素的变化。还有“网购”一词的加入，也正是反映了我国电子商务的蓬勃发展：2009年至2011年，在网上购物的互联网用户比例从28%上升至36%，到2015年有望达到47%。

Experts point out that，These new collection of words and meaning of social changes reflect is of great significance，Is not a flash in the pan of individual phenomenon。For example“Ant family”That reflects the expansion of higher education in our country，Students graduate into society，And laid off again obtain employment worker and farmers GongChao gathered to flood peak employment，Cause our country employment pressure of the dilemma of the unprecedented increase，It reflects our social urbanization is experience、Population structure change、The Labour market transformation、Higher education system reform and a series of structural factors of change。and“e-commerce”A word to the，It is also reflects China's e-commerce development：From 2009 to 2011，In online shopping of Internet users from 28% to 36%，By 2015 is expected to reach 47%。

　　新增词、义的意义不仅仅是影响当下。北京大学中文系教授张颐武在接受本报采访时表示，词典反映出社会变迁在语言里的投射，对将来的研究也将产生很大的影响。“每一版词典都记录了当时的时代特征，比如计划经济中的‘大锅饭’、‘放卫星’等词语就是特定年代的产物，如果词典没有对其进行清晰地定义，可能很多年之后，后人将不懂这些词语的含义。”张颐武说。

New word、The significance of righteousness is not only the impact of the present。Beijing university professor in the department of Chinese literature ZhangYiWu accept our newspaper interviews that，Dictionary reflect social change in the projection of the language，The future will also produce very big effect。“Each version of the dictionary are recorded at the time of the features of The Times，For example the planned economy‘Cauldron rice’、‘FangWeiXing’Words is the product of specific s，If the dictionary no clearly defined，May after many years，Posterity will not understand the meaning of these words。”ZhangYiWu said。

　　事实上，每一个版本的《现代汉语词典》都烙上了深刻的时代印记。比如1983年的第2版和1978年的第1版相比，差别并不大，只是去掉了一些“文革”词汇，而到了1996年的第3版，正值国家改革开放初期，各方面发展迅速，新事物猛增，词汇进出量也大大增加了：共增加词语9000条，删去4000条。第4版、第5版变身的动作也不小。2002年的第4版增加了1200余个新词。2005年第5版，增收新词7200条，删去2700条。

In fact，Each version《The modern Chinese dictionary》Are branded with the deep time mark。In 1983, for example, the second edition of the first edition in 1978 and compared，Differences are not big，Just take out some“Cultural revolution”vocabulary，By 1996 the third edition，When the country's reform, opening up early，The rapid development，The new thing soared，Vocabulary in and out of the quantity has greatly increased：Article 9000 words were increased，Article delete 4000。Version 4、The fifth edition of change are no action。2002 years of version 4 increased more than 1200 words。In 2005 the fifth edition，Article 7200 new words' income，Article delete 2700。

　　有专家打了生动的比方：对于词典来说，有“新生儿”，也有“去世老人”，词典就像是封存社会变迁的化石，记录当下，更影响未来。

Experts play vivid example：For the dictionary for，have“newborn”，Also have“Old man died”，The dictionary is like a seal of the social vicissitude fossil，Record then，More influence future。

B包容性与本土化并生 B inclusiveness and localization and life

　　在第6版新词典中，年轻人会惊喜地发现，从香港TVB电视剧和台湾电影里学来的新鲜词儿，已经跃然纸上。“八卦、搞掂、狗仔队、无厘头、手信”等词早就在潜移默化中融入我们的日常生活，已不算新鲜。而“呛声、力挺、糗、捷运、劈腿、软体、硬体、网路”此次也随着海峡之风吹入了新版词典。

In the sixth edition of the new dictionary，Young people will be surprised to find，TVB drama from Hong Kong and Taiwan in the movie to learn the word fresh，Has fleshed out。“gossip、final、paparazzi、wulitou、Hand letter”Word in imperceptible early in our daily life，Has not fresh。and“Choke sound、hard、(、MRT、Split leg、software、hardware、Internet”The channel also with the wind blowing in the new dictionary。

　　针对这种现象，中国语文现代化学会的杨志强分析，近些年来，台港澳地区与大陆的关系越来越密切，彼此之间在语言词汇方面也加深了相互影响和作用，许多词语不可避免地互相吸收和交融，或互相补充，或增加新意。

According to this phenomenon，Chinese modern society of YangZhiJiang analysis，In recent years，In Taiwan, more and more closely related with the mainland，Between each other in language vocabulary will deepen mutual influence and function，Many words inevitably absorption and blend with each other，Or complement each other，Or increase the new。

　　同时，随着我国与国外交流日益加强，越来越多的外语词语也被引入到词典中。第5版已收录“酷、丁克家庭、香波、伊妹儿、寻租、路演、蓝牙”等英语词汇，在第6版中则新增了“微博、粉丝、嘉年华、脱口秀”等英语外来词和“刺身、定食、天妇罗、榻榻米、宅急送”等日语外来词。

At the same time，Along with our country and foreign exchange strengthened day by day，More and more foreign language is also introduced to the words in the dictionary。Already includes the fifth edition“cool、Dink family、shampoo、E-mail、rent-seeking、roadshow、bluetooth”Etc English vocabulary，In the sixth edition of the new“Micro bo、fans、carnival、Talk show”And foreign words and English“Thorn body、Set food、The tempura、Couch couch rice、just-in-time”Japanese foreign words such as。

　　此外，第6版词典还收纳了239个对老百姓生活有影响的外文词汇。比如CPI(居民消费价格指数)、PM2.5(在空中飘浮的直径小于2.5微米的可吸入颗粒物)等字母词。这其中还包括了2010年开始，电视媒体中一度被要求以中文全称出现的NBA，有网友感叹这下“球迷和主持人都不用纠结了”。

In addition，6 edition dictionary also receive the 239 people living on the effect of foreign words。Such as CPI(Consumer price index)、PM2.5(Floating through the air of less than 2.5 microns in diameter of pm10)Alphabetic words such as。This included the 2010 start，TV media once were asked to full name in Chinese in the NBA，Netizens exclamation this“Fans and host all need not entanglements”。

　　尽管有担忧的声音认为，外来词汇的加入是对中国本土语言文化的一种侵蚀。但部分专家也表示认同，外来词汇的新增反映出了中国语言文化的包容性，收录广为所知的外文词汇的缩写更是方便大众使用。

Although there are concerns that the voice，Foreign words to join of Chinese language and culture is a kind of erosion。But some experts to also agree，Foreign words of the new reflects the Chinese language culture inclusiveness，Included is also known to foreign language is the abbreviation of vocabulary is more convenient public use。

　　张颐武认为汉语不会因为这些外文词语而影响其核心地位。首先，收录新词一定要以承认现实为基础，以实用、方便为原则，NBA的收录就是对语言现实的一个客观的反映。同时，新增的外来词大多并不是简单生硬搬入词典，而是已经经历了本土化的演变。“日语中有很多词是直接把英语音译过来，而汉语中吸收外来语大部分是意译，而不是音译，所以，主心骨没有变。”张颐武表示，中文从外来语中借用、演化一些词语的现象不是近些年才出现的，而是很早就有了，比如一些词语“干部”、“现象”、“本质”就来源于日本。

ZhangYiWu think Chinese won't because these foreign words and influence its core status。first，Included on some new words recognize the reality of the based，With practical、Convenient for the principle，The NBA is included to an objective reality language reflected。At the same time，The number of new foreign words mostly is not simply a curt moved into a dictionary，But have experienced the evolution of localization。“In Japanese has many words are directly transliterated English，And Chinese foreign words is a most absorption，Rather than transliteration，so，Mainstay does not change。”ZhangYiWu said，Chinese from the loan words in the mouth、Evolution of some words phenomenon is not only appeared in recent years，But very early has，Some words such as“cadres”、“phenomenon”、“essence”From Japan。

　　“这次修订中加入一些其他地域的词语也是汉语开放、多样的标志。通过将不同地域的词语本土化，汉语的表达也越来越丰富。”张颐武认为，汉语表达的本土化与包容性并进是一种好现象。

“The revision of the other areas, add some Chinese words is open、Variety of mark。Through the will of different regions in words localization，The expression of Chinese also more and more colorful。”ZhangYiWu think，The localization of the Chinese language expression and inclusiveness in hand is a good thing。

C热词“转正”标准存争议 C hot words“becomes”Standard controversial

　　新词“转正”并非仅凭热度。在日常的语言环境中被广泛使用的“剩男”、“剩女”、“神马”等热词，此次就并未被收录进新版《现代汉语词典》中，这也引起了一些争议。

new“becomes”Not only with a fever。In daily language environment is widely used“Left male”、“Female left”、“God horse”Hot words such as，This will not be included in the new《The modern Chinese dictionary》in，This has caused some controversy。

　　“‘神马’只是一种临时的用法，俏皮的用法。作为一个规范的疑问词，疑问代词我们有‘什么’，我们干吗用‘神马’来干扰它呢？” 江蓝生解释。

“‘God horse’Just a temporary usage，Nifty usage。As a standard question word，Doubt pronouns we have‘what’，Why do we use‘God horse’To interfere with it?？” Jiang LanSheng explain。

　　“并非收录新词越多就越与时俱进。”《咬文嚼字》主编郝铭鉴也认为，“在社会转型因素和互联网的推波助澜下，眼下我国正进入汉语创造力空前爆发、全民参与‘造词造句’的语言狂欢阶段，许多潮词潮语可能都是昙花一现、过眼浮云。词典编纂不妨保持比语言生活稍稍‘慢几拍’的速度，让其经过一个大浪淘沙、积淀筛选的过程，否则反而会给人们的语言生活造成负担。”

“The more new words is not included the advancing with The Times。”《Speaking like》Editor HaoMingJian also think，“During social transformation and the Internet direct the factors，For now, China is entering Chinese creativity unprecedented outbreak、The whole people to participate in an‘Made word to make a sentence’Language carnival stage，Many tide word tide language may be a flash in the pan、Clouds floating clouds。Dictionary compilation might as well keep life than a language‘Slowly took a few’speed，Let it passed a sweep、The process of accumulation screening，Otherwise it will give people's language life result burden。”

　　选词入典滞后性正是表现了修订的审慎态度。商务印书馆总经理于殿利也认为坚持审慎态度至关重要：“《现代汉语词典》具备其权威性，在语言使用方面，相当于标准答案，如果答案出了差错，它的消极影响该有多大啊！”

Choose the word into the Canon is lagging performance a revised prudent approach。The commercial press general manager in the house also think that adhere to the prudent approach is very important：“《The modern Chinese dictionary》Have the authority，In the use of language，The answer is equivalent to the standard，If the answer is wrong，It should have the negative influence of how dear！”

　　比如“粉丝”一词的收录，就经历了几年的考验。第5版修订的时候，“粉丝”这个外来词已经出现了，数年后，“粉丝”已被全社会熟知，这才被收入新版词典。

For example“fans”A word collected，Just after years of test。The fifth edition revised，“fans”The foreign words have appeared，Several years later，“fans”Has been known to the whole society，This just be income dictionaries。

　　既要约定俗成又要广泛使用，通用性和生命力普遍被专家认为是新词入选的两项硬标准。

Both conventional and widely used，Versatility and vitality is generally experts think is selected two new words hard standards。

　　那么，为什么“宅男”“宅女”收了、“剩男”“剩女”没收，“泡吧”收了、“泡妞”没收，“裸婚”收了、“裸奔”没收呢？

so，why“Home guy”“Curtilage female”Took the、“Left male”“Female left”confiscated，“bar-hopping”Took the、“Bubble girl”confiscated，“Naked marriage”Took the、“streaking”Confiscated?？

　　除了通用性和生命力的标准，有专家认为，价值观和社会效果也是《现代汉语词典》这样的语言规范类工具书必须考量的标准之一。

In addition to general and vitality of the standard，Some experts think the，Values and social effect is also《The modern Chinese dictionary》Such language standard class must consider one of the reference standard。

　　比如“剩男”“剩女”未被收录，江蓝生表示,“对于因种种原因不能够及时结婚的人，他们有各种各样的原因”，因此这个表述不够尊重人。

For example“Left male”“Female left”Is not included，Jiang LanSheng said,“For a variety of reasons for not in time to get married，They have various kinds of reasons”，So this statement is not enough respect。

　　选词入典需不需要体现人文关怀？这一观点引起了争议。复旦大学附属中学特级教师黄玉峰认为，他赞成“剩男”“剩女”落选，却并不认为其价值取向不对，而是认为它们经历的时间还不够久。

Choose the word into the standard need not to need embodied humanistic care？This view has caused controversy。During the affiliated high school of fudan university teachers HuangYuFeng think，He was in favor of“Left male”“Female left”Lost the election，But don't think its value orientation is wrong，But think they experience it long enough。

　　“选词不应该有双重标准，词典唯一的标准，只能是语言本身。”许多专家坚持这一观点。他们认为为了真实记录同时方便查阅，选词应不论褒贬，不能在忌讳中失去客观。只有这样，才能体现对语言文字的尊重。

“Choose words should not have a double standard，The dictionary is the only criteria，Only the language itself。”Many experts insist on this view。They say that in order to truly record and convenient access，Choose words should be received no matter，Can't lose the objective in taboo。Only in this way，Can manifest the respect for language。

　　事实上，第6版词典也收录了不少负面词汇，“潜规则”、“吃回扣”、“封口费”等都反映了社会的阴暗面。张颐武认为：“它们确实反映了当前社会中存在的一些现象，所以被收录也是很正常的。”

In fact，6 edition dictionary has collected a lot of negative vocabulary，“Unspoken rules”、“ChiHuiKou”、“fee”And so on all reflect the dark side of society。ZhangYiWu think：“They actually reflect the current exists in the society some phenomena，So was collected also is very normal。”

词汇背后的时光变迁 The time change behind words

　　从1978年第1版面世以来，历经30多年，《现代汉语词典》总共“扩容”1.3万个词语。

From 1978 years since the first edition appeared，After 30 years，《The modern Chinese dictionary》total“expansion”13000 words。

　　词目的变化，记录了经济发展和大众生活的时代脉络，也折射出话语体系和社会心态的悄然变迁。

Way change，Record of economic development and the public life of age skeleton，Also reflects the discourse system and social mentality quietly change。

　　经济

economic

　　第1版(1978年)：个体经济、集体经济、小农经济、小商品经济、计划经济、商品经济

edition(1978 years)：Individual economic、Collective economic、Small peasant economy、Commodity economy、Planned economy、Commodity economy

　　第3版(1996年)：市场经济、国有企业、民营企业、私营企业

Third edition(1996 years)：Market economy、State-owned enterprise、Private enterprise、Private enterprise

　　第6版(2012年)：非公有制经济、三资企业、乡镇企业

Version 6(2012 years)：Non-public sectors of the economy、Three-capital enterprise、Town enterprise

　　住房

housing

　　第1版：公房、私房、民房、平房

edition：Public housing、private、houses、bungalow

　　第3版：商品房、套房、塔楼、筒子楼

Third edition：Commodity house、suite、tower、Tube-shaped apartment

　　第6版：房改房、炒房、单元房、二手房、经济适用房、廉租房、两限房、期房、尾房、现房、样板房、样板间、板楼、写字楼、尾楼

Version 6：Room to room、ChaoFang、units、Secondhand the room、Economy applicable room、Low-cost housing、Two limited room、Period room、WeiFang、backlog、Example room、Between example、Board floor、Office buildings、poop

　　出行

travel

　　第1版：出租汽车、电车、公共汽车、火车、轿车、卡车、列车、马车、摩托车、汽车、人力车、三轮车、兽力车、自行车、地铁、公路、马路、铁路

edition：Rental car、tram、The bus、The train、cars、truck、train、carriage、motorcycle、car、rickshaw、tricycle、ShouLiChe、bicycle、subway、highway、The road、railway

　　第3版：飙车、打车、电瓶车、塞车、高速公路

Third edition：racing、Taking a taxi、sanya、Traffic jam、highway

　　第6版：摆渡车、泊车、磁悬浮列车、动车、堵车、房车、概念车、公车、黑车、拼车、私车、洗车、验车、城市铁路、主路、辅路、快速路、高架路、高铁、环路、轻轨

Version 6：Ferry vehicle、parking、Maglev train、Move the car、traffic、rv、Concept car、bus、Black car、carpooling、fact、Car wash、Check car、Urban railway、massive、The auxiliary、expressway、road、High iron、loop、Light rail

　　通信

communication

　　第1版：报话机、电报、电话、电视电话、电子计算机、交换机

edition：His walkie-talkie、cable、phone、TV phone、Electronic computer、switches

　　第3版：传真机、录音电话

Third edition：Fax machine、Recording phone

　　第6版：笔记本式计算机、平板计算机、网络计算机、固定电话、可视电话、视频电话、手机、数字电话、网络电话、寻呼机、移动电话、互联网、物联网

Version 6：Notebook computer type、Tablet computer、Network computer、Fixed telephone、Video phone、Video phone、Mobile phone、Digital phone、Internet phone、pager、Mobile phone、The Internet、Content networking

　　社会群体

Social groups

　　第1版：民工、牧民、农民、佣工

edition：Migrant workers、nomads、farmers、helpers

　　第3版：船民、村民

Third edition：boat、The villagers

　　第6版：彩民、单身贵族、工薪族、股民、护工、汇民、基民、啃老族、农民工、上班族、社工、网民、烟民、月光族、蚁族、义工

Version 6：resident、Lone noble、dives、people、Nursing workers、Send people、Base civilian、Boomerang child、Migrant workers、Office worker、Social work、Internet users、smokers、Moonlight clan、Ant family、volunteers

　　你看你看，词典的“面孔”在改变

You see you see，Dictionary of“faces”In the change

　　除了《现代汉语词典》之外，其他词典也随年代变迁而“变脸”。

In addition to《The modern Chinese dictionary》outside，Other dictionary also along with s and change“set”。

　　2011年：《新华字典》第11版

2011 years：《Xinhua dictionary》11 version

　　“潮语”类：“门”(负面的事件)、“晒”(展示，多指在网络上公开透露自己的信息)、“秀”(表演，展示)、“族”(比喻有共同特点的某类人)、“奴”(为了支付贷款等而不得不拼命工作的人)、“烧”(因富有而忘乎所以)等。

“Tide language”class：“door”(Negative events)、“Bask in”(show，More on the network open to reveal their information)、“show”(performance，show)、“family”(Parables have common characteristics of the people)、“slavery”(In order to pay for loans, etc and had to work hard)、“burn”(For the rich and forget himself)etc。

　　网络热词类：晒工资、房奴、学历门等。

Network hot parts of speech：Divulge their salaries、Mortgage slave、Education such as the door。

　　2010年：《汉英大词典》第3版

2010 years：《Chinese-english dictionary》Third edition

　　时代特色类：八荣八耻(eight Does and eight Don

Times characteristic class：Eight honors and eight disgraces(Eight Does and eight Don