18元一盒的云南白药膏，他都舍不得用，只有在疼得受不了的时候才贴上一帖 18 yuan a box of yunnan white ointment，He want to use，Only in can't stand the pain when it put a thread

　　纵横秦岭、巴山间的陕西、甘肃、四川、湖北、河南等5省76县(区)，因其集中连片贫困特征，被《中国农村扶贫开发纲要(2011—2020年)》列入未来十年中国新一轮扶贫攻坚主战场之一。

Qinling and、And the mountains of shaanxi、gansu、sichuan、hubei、Henan province and 76 county(area)，Because of its concentrated poverty characteristics，was《China's rural poverty alleviation and development programs(2011-2020)》Included in the next 10 years China's new poverty alleviation is one of crucial battleground。

　　76县(区)中，陕西一省即占30个，这也是陕西全省贫困人口的主要所在地。来自陕西省扶贫开发办公室的新数字显示，陕西境内的秦巴山区贫困带，人均年收入在1600元以下的低收入人口有558万。

76 county(area)in，Shaanxi province is one of 30，This is also the main poverty population in shaanxi province is located。Poverty alleviation office from shaanxi province new digital display，Shaanxi qinba mountain PinKunDai territory，Per capita income in 1600 yuan of the following low-income population is 5.58 million。

　　贫中更有贫中人，比如身患残疾，比如老年得病，比如家中出了个大学生。

The poor are more poor people，Such as disabled，Older diseases such as，Such as the home made a college student。

　　

残疾人 disabled

　　一个200多万农村人口的地级市，按国家扶贫新标准人均年收入2300元计，贫困人口有100多万，占全部农村人口的55%以上，以此前省内享受农村低保条件的人均年收入1600元以下计，也有61万人。

A more than 200 rural population level，According to the national poverty alleviation new standard average per capita income 2300 yuan plan，Poverty population has more than 100，The total more than 55% of the rural population，After the province to enjoy the villages conditions per capita income 1600 yuan the following program，610000。

　　这是陕西省商洛市，秦巴山区贫困人口最为集中的地区之一。在大比例的贫困人口中，尤令扶贫工作者忧心的是一个庞大的特殊群体——16万多残疾人，“这已成为商洛地区群众脱贫的一大难题。”商洛市扶贫开发局局长彭学章说。

This is in shangluo in shaanxi province，The focus of the poverty population qinba mountain regions。In the large proportion of the population of poverty，Especially make poverty relief workers worried is a huge special group-more than 160000 disabled，“This has become the shangluo area of poverty a difficult problem。”Authorities in shangluo poverty alleviation PengXueZhang chief said。

　　《瞭望》新闻周刊记者春节前在陕西省商南县、丹凤县、山阳县，商洛市商州区、洛南县等秦巴山区集中连片贫困带采访时看到，由于地方病、遗传疾病、近亲结婚、外出务工致伤等多方面因素影响，秦巴山区的身体和智力障碍群体占到了贫困人口的相当比例。因自身劳动能力低下及生活水平长期停滞不前，秦巴山区的残障贫困群体面临巨大生存压力。

《Looked out on》Newsweek reporters before the Spring Festival ShangNaXian in shaanxi province、DanFengXian、ShanYangXian，Bakeries in shangluo area、LuoNaXian etc qinba concentrated PinKunDai interview to see，Because of endemic、Genetic disease、Conventional marriages、Migrant workers hurt by many factors such as influence，The physical and mental retardation qinba group of poverty population accounted for a significant proportion。Due to its own labor ability is low and living standards long-term stagnant，Qinba disability faces great poverty group live pressure。

　　商南县金丝峡镇冀家湾村40岁的村民丁香娥从小双手发育不全，平时只能在家做饭和照看孩子，全家日常生活只能靠丈夫到附近砖厂做苦力、按日结算工资勉强维持。她告诉本刊记者，近几年陕南山区水灾频发，她家原本位于半山腰的3间土坯房也被洪水完全摧毁，原先在山坡种植的玉米、黄豆等作物也颗粒无收。

ShangNaXian gold-rimmed gorge town house bay village in 40 villagers clove E hands from dysplasia，Usually only cook at home and look after the children，Family daily life can only rely on the husband to the nearby size brick field pay、By day settlement wages barely maintains。She told this reporter，In mountaineous areas in southern frequent flooding in recent years，Her house was located in the middle between 3 and completely destroyed by the floods adobe，Originally the slopes of the growing corn、Soybeans and other crops without charge and particles。

　　为躲避水灾，原本与丁香娥家一起居住在山腰上的十几户村民，已经全部下撤，有的进城，有的在312国道旁盖新房居住，但丁香娥家没钱，下山后只能租住在一本村村民外出后的老式土坯房内，每年租金400元。

To escape the flood，Originally and cloves E house on the hillside lived with dozens of household villagers，Already all XiaChe，Some into the city，Some in the 312 national highway cover bridal chamber to live，Dante sweet E family didn't have the money，Only in a rented after down the mountain village out of old after villagers in adobe，Every year the rent is 400 yuan。

　　这个老式土坯房就是丁香娥的“新家”，年久失修，墙上有多条明显裂纹。屋内昏暗而阴冷，一眼望去，只有灶具、炭盆、供一家三口合睡的唯一一张床、一台21英寸彩电，别无值钱物品。

The old adobe is clove E“New home”，run-down，On the wall there is more obvious crack。The dark and gloomy and cold，look，Only the kitchen is provided、TanPen、For a family of three $sleep only a bed、A 21 inches color TV，There is no valuable items。

　　丁香娥说，农村的宅基地和耕地已经全部分完，想要盖房，宅基地的流转费用本身就是一笔难以支付的支出，虽然政府对因灾避险搬迁的农民有盖房补贴，但她与丈夫结婚8年来没有一分钱存款，“日子只能过一天算一天。”

Clove E said，Rural homestead and cultivated land has all finished part，Want to build houses，The transfer of land cost is itself a pen difficult to pay for spending，Although the government has moved to the because of a hedge peasants who have to build houses subsidies，But she and her husband married eight years without a penny of savings，“Only days after a day at a time。”

　　54岁的山阳县银花镇叶家湾村村民周述财，名叫“述财”，实际无财可述。他对本刊记者说，像他这样家里有智障亲属的贫困家庭，基本用不起手机，两年前才安上固定电话，每月9元的座机费对他这样的家庭都是笔不小的开支。

54 years ShanYangXian yinhua town house bay village, ZhouShu gain，named“Wealth of”，No wealth of actual can be。He to this reporter said，Like him home with intellectual disabilities of relatives to poor families，Basic use not mobile phones，Two years ago just installed fixed telephone，Monthly fee of $9 plane to his family is such a big cost。

　　三十多年来，他和老伴一直住在一个土房里，陕南山区多雨，下雨时家里的盆盆罐罐基本摆满，下得大点，屋里便满是泥汤。

Thirty years，He and his wife had been living in an adobe，In mountaineous areas in southern much rain，When it rained the basin of home stand basin filled up with basic，Next great point，The house and is full of mud soup。

　

　老年病人 Elderly patients

　　本刊记者在秦巴山区集中连片贫困带走访发现，有打工能力者多外出打工，留下的多是无劳动能力的老年人，子女在外打工挣来的辛苦钱，相当部分送到了医院和药店里。医药费花销大是当地贫困群众的一件“头疼大事”，慢性疾病报销比例偏低也使部分困难群众尤其是老年群体面临巨大生活压力。

This reporter in qinba is concentrated PinKunDai visit found，Have a part-time job ability to go out，The left is no ability to work more than the old people，Children working outside earned hard cash，A considerable portion to the hospital and pharmacies。Medical expenses is the cost of a local poverty“Headache great things”，Chronic disease to submit an expense account rate is low and so that some of the difficult people especially old group faces great life pressure。

　　丹凤县竹林关镇雷家洞村村民李明福和李菊梅老两口年过花甲，都患有多种疾病，除吃饭外，他们几乎不敢有其他任何消费，因为药费每月就得花掉300多元，这还是在参加新型农村合作医疗之后的开支。

DanFengXian bamboo forest shut town ray home hole village and li Ming LiJuMei once the old couple，Suffer from a variety of diseases，In addition to the dinner，They could hardly have any other spending，Because it'll spend a month of expenses for medicine 300 multivariate，This is in the new rural cooperative medical care after spending。

　　好几年来，老两口都是药店的常客。李明福长期患有高血压，后来又患上了脑梗塞，李菊梅多年来也承受着脑缺血和低血压的病痛，还得一人勉力支撑家里的农活。若不是儿子在外打工，目前的药费都负担不起。儿子打工挣的钱毕竟不多，老两口的身体只能依靠简单的药物勉强维持。有些药还只能在90公里以外的县城买到，很多时候，只能等凑够了钱，才能让在县城上班的亲戚捎回来。

Several years，The old couple are regular visitors to the drugstore。LiMingFu long-term have high blood pressure，And then suffering from cerebral infarction，LiJuMei years also bear the cerebral ischemia and low blood pressure of the pain，Still have to a man clings to support the family farm work。If not son working outside，The current expenses for medicine can't afford。Son of working to pay money after all is not much，The old couple body can only rely on simple drugs barely maintains。Some drug has only 90 kilometers away in the county to buy，Most of the time，To gather together enough money，To let in the work of relatives'll come back。

　　在本刊记者面前，李菊梅拿出老伴李明福服用的各种片剂和胶囊，她对它们的价格和数量已倒背如流：“天麻杜仲胶囊，4块5一盒，一次买10盒，价钱是45块；偏瘫复原丸，12块一盒，一次10盒，总共120块；脑络通胶囊，3块一盒，一次10盒，总共30块；辛伐他丁片，3块5一盒，一次10盒，总共35块；尼莫地平片，4块一盒，一次10盒，总共40块……”

In this reporter before，LiJuMei took out his LiMingFu taking various tablet and capsule，She their price and quantity already fell back such as flow：“Gastrodia elata eucommia capsule，4 piece of 5 a box of，A buy 10 box，Price is 45 piece of；Hemiplegia recovery pill，12 of a box of，A 10 box，A total of 120；Brain winding the capsule，3 piece of a box of，A 10 box，A total of 30；Michael essien cut his fourth piece of，Three of five a box of，A 10 box，A total of 35；Nimodipine piece of，4 piece of a box of，A 10 box，A total of 40 pieces……”

　　“现在买药比买粮厉害得多。”李菊梅不断对本刊记者重复这句话。她说，慢性病住不了医院，不可能按照大病治疗进行报销；而门诊诊疗的报销比例低，只能让她和老伴这样的农村患者慢慢消耗家里的积蓄，“一旦患上大病，家里根本拿不出钱看病，只能寄希望于老天长眼了。生活水平提高对我们来说，基本上等同于妄想。”

“Now buy medicine much more than buy food。”LiJuMei constantly to this reporter repeat these words。She said，Chronic couldn't live in hospital，Not according to the treatment of a serious illness may submit an expense account；Outpatient clinics and low reimbursement ratio，Can only let her and wife of such patients with rural consumption savings slowly home，“Once suffer from a serious illness，At home can't afford the doctor，Can only hope that old last eye。Living standards for us，Basically equivalent to the moon。”

　　在商洛市商州区腰市镇李坪村，本刊记者见到了佝偻着脊背、蜷缩在墙角的村民薛双善。他从年轻的时候就因类风湿引发强制性脊椎炎，不仅发育严重不良，后背还背上了沉沉的“包袱”；目前家里没有任何经济来源，衣服基本上是同村村民接济，每个月只能靠百十元的低保供养生活。

In shangluo area in bakeries, waist LiPing town village，This reporter met with rickets backbone、Curled up in the corner of the villagers XueShuang good。He from young rheumatoid trigger for mandatory differentiations，Development not only serious adverse，On the back the stale“burden”；At present home without any economic sources，The clothes is basically put the village，Each month can only rely on one hundred yuan low life support。

　　薛双善说，患上这种病以后，看病钱就像一个永远也填不满的无底洞，妻子因为看不到生活的希望离他而去，巨大的花费也让他背上了沉重的债务负担。他的一日三餐，基本上都是挂面。18元一盒的云南白药膏，他都舍不得用，平常只靠阿莫西林、腰痛宁等日常药物维持，只有在疼得受不了的时候，才贴上一帖膏药。

XueShuang good said，Get the disease in the future，A doctor money is like a never bottomless maw，See the hope of life because his wife left him，Huge cost also let him carry on a heavy debt burden。His three meals a day，Basically is to hang noodles。18 yuan a box of yunnan white ointment，He want to use，Only by the usual amoxicillin、Back pain drug maintenance ning and other daily，Only can't stand the pain in the time，Just put a post plasters。

　　

大学生家庭 College students' family

　　本刊记者走访秦巴山区部分县区了解到，受近年来学区调整、中小学撤并带来的优质教育资源减少等因素影响，农村成为高职专科、三本院校等收费高昂高校的主要生源所在地，由此直接导致经济条件本已十分拮据的贫困群众生活更加艰难。

This reporter visit qinba some counties to understand，In recent years by the school district adjustment、Middle and primary school education resources of high quality should bring to reduce and other factors，Rural become higher vocational college、The three colleges charge such as the main university student is located high，Thus a direct cause economic conditions this already very cramped poor people life more difficult。

　　山阳县银花镇叶家湾村村民周至均是三个孩子的父亲，现在除大儿子在外打工挣钱外，小儿子和女儿仍在读书。他说，小儿子2010年考上大学后，家里生活压力明显增大。现在孩子在西安上大二，学的是工商管理专业，一年的学费4500元，住宿费1000元，每月基本生活费还得好几百元，一年下来，光是孩子的上学支出，就超过了1.5万元。

ShanYangXian yinhua town leaves home bay village weeks to all is the father of three children，Now in addition to the first son outside the work to make money，The younger boy and girl is still in reading。He said，Younger son 2010 after college，Home life pressure increased。Now children in xian sophomores，I majored in business administration，Tuition fee is 4500 yuan，Accommodation 1000 yuan，Monthly basic living expenses have to hundreds of dollars，A year come down，Light is the child's school spending，Over 15000 yuan。

　　周至均告诉本刊记者，这几年由于自然灾害频发，家里的土地已经基本上毁弃，仅剩5分地可耕种面积，根本满足不了他和妻子以及两家老人的生活需求，口粮需要购买。他不停地寻找零工杂活，每月收入也就是1000多元，这在小儿子上大学之前还能勉强维持下去，“自从孩子上大学以后，他的学费要靠东拼西凑，现在全家已经背上了2万多元的外债，只能等到他毕业以后慢慢偿还了。”

Weeks to all told this reporter，Over the past few years due to natural disasters，Home land has basically destroys，With only five points arable land area，Fundamental can't satisfy the he and his wife and two of the old man's life needs，Rations need to purchase。He kept looking for odd jobs chores，Monthly income is 1000 yuan，The youngest son in the university can barely keep before，“Since children to college after，He want to rely on tuition fees in either direction，Now the whole family has 20000 yuan back foreign debt，He will just have to wait until after graduation repay slowly。”

　　由于可耕种土地少，缺乏固定收入来源，叶家湾村的大部分农民住在多年前的土房里。周至均说：“屋内黑暗、屋顶杂草丛生的农户，基本都是家里有娃娃在外上学，家庭负担较重的家庭。”

Because less arable land，Lack of fixed income source，Leaves home most of the farmers live wan village of many years ago in huts。Weeks to all said：“House dark、The roof of the farmer weeds，Basic is a doll outside the home to go to school，The family burden heavier family。”

　　穷人也有穷人的面子。小儿子上大学后，考虑到有同学要到家里来玩，为了不让孩子的同学看出家里生活窘迫，周至均狠心花了7000多元，买了白灰和水泥，把旧瓦房外墙打扮了一遍。“要重新盖砖房，没有十几万元的投入是基本不可能的。这对我们来说，无异于一笔天文数字。”周至均说：“我今年54岁了，等孩子毕业、找到工作，我也就快60岁了。过上富裕的生活，只能指望孩子这一辈了。”

The poor also has the poor's face。Youngest son to college，For the students to home to play，In order not to let the child's classmate see home life distress，Weeks to are cruel spent more than 7000 yuan，Bought lime and cement，The old old dress up exterior wall again。“Want to cover brick building，Not ten yuan input is the basic impossible。This for us，Is a astronomical figures。”Weeks to all said：“I this year at the age of 54，Children such as graduation、Find work，I also is 60 years old。Live a rich life，Only hope to children this generation。”

　　在叶家湾村村口，本刊记者还遇在此打小工的街道村村民殷怀亮。他也诉起了苦：儿子现在在西安一所高校读专科，一年光学费就要9000元，每月生活费要800元，孩子他妈还患有心脏病，“家里的花费就三项：吃饭、上学、买药。”

In leaves home bay village village，This reporter also meet in this play small streets YanHuaiLiang village。He is something up a bitter：Son is now in xian a university read a specialized subject，A NianGuang tuition will be 9000 yuan，Living to 800 yuan a month，Children with heart disease his mother，“The cost of home three：eat、school、Buy medicine。”

　　对他的沉重负担，殷怀亮有自己的分析：“十几年以前，学区还没有调整，虽然当时部分学生的上学不是很方便，但老师兢兢业业地在农村学校教书，学生也以考上大学为自己的人生目标，商洛地区的陕西省高考状元也出了不少。但是你看这几年，学区调整、中小学校撤并后，一些默默奉献农村教育的好老师也基本走完了，新来的老师大都没有心思在农村教书，基础教育的水平不断下滑。基本功打不好，还怎么设想考上好的大学，为自己的未来找到好的出路？”

To his heavy burden，YanHuaiLiang have their own analysis：“More than ten years ago，School districts have not adjusted，Although at that time part of students of the school is not very convenient，But the cautious and conscientious teacher in the rural school teaching，Students also to pass the college entrance examination for their goals in life，Shangluo area of shaanxi province is the entrance exams in a lot of。But you see the years，School district adjustment、Small and medium-sized school after removal and merger，Some rural education offer silently the good teacher also basic covered，The new teacher mostly had no idea in rural teaching，Basic education level have been declining。Basic play well，Still how ideas take an examination good university，To own the future find good ways？”

　

　长期任务 Long-term task

　　接受本刊记者采访的秦巴山区一些扶贫开发部门负责人表示，作为全国重点集中连片贫困带，秦巴山区的扶贫开发工作面临着巨大的困难与挑战，同时也应该看到，经过多年的努力，秦巴山区贫困群体的人均收入与全国农民人均纯收入的差距，已经开始缩小。

Accept this reporter interviews qinba mountain some poverty alleviation and development director of the department said，As a key national concentrated PinKunDai，The qinba poverty alleviation work faces great difficulties and challenges，It should also be seen，After years of hard work，Poverty group qinba mountain of per capita income and the per capita net income of farmers gap，Has started to shrink。

　　不过，受访人士表示，按照《中国农村扶贫开发纲要(2011—2020年)》提出的“基本公共服务主要领域指标接近全国平均水平”的要求，秦巴山区扶贫攻坚仍是一项长期的任务。

but，Interviewed said，According to《China's rural poverty alleviation and development programs(2011-2020)》The proposed“Basic public service main field index close to the national average”requirements，The crucial qinba mountain poverty alleviation is still is a long-term task。

　　彭学章说，秦巴山区成为我国集中连片贫困带典型地区的原因，是多方面的，其中既有秦岭是我国南北气候的分隔带和交接带，容易发生特大暴雨；也有这个地区因为地跨我国地理南方和北方，兼有南北物种，不可能形成高品质、高质量物种的集中连片优生地区；也有因大山阻隔造成信息闭塞，沟通不便等多方面、多层次原因。

PengXueZhang said，Qinba become China's concentrated PinKunDai typical areas of the reason，Is various，Both the north and south of the climate in qinling is with space and handover belt，Prone to severe storms；Also has the region because our country geography across the north and the south，Both north and south species，Can't be formed high quality、High quality species concentrated in healthy birth；In the mountains block causes information block，Communication inconvenience and other aspects、Multi-level reason。

　　“因此，坚定不移地进行基础设施建设，进行包括水利、交通、通信等的建立和健全；同时，必须培育产业，建立稳定的农民增收来源，让农民的收入持续不断增加，同时，进行社会事业发展、人口素质提升等多方面在内的全面提高，才能在最短时间内缩短秦巴山区经济发展落后的现状，也才有可能接近和达到全国的平均水平。”彭学章说。(刘彤)

“so，Unswervingly in infrastructure construction，Includes to water conservancy、traffic、To establish and improve the communication, etc；At the same time，Must cultivate industry，To establish a stable source of farmers' income，Let the income of the peasants steady increase，At the same time，For the development of social undertakings、To improve population quality, improve various，Can in the shortest possible time shorten the economic development of the present situation of qinba mountain behind，Also can be close to and reached the national average level。”PengXueZhang said。(Thumer o)