对于年龄较大、活动力较强的孩子来说，户外活动时发生跌倒或摔倒的情况比家里要多，李榴柏表示，家长应该教育儿童注意识别危险警示标志，远离危险环境。教育孩子不要在楼梯上推拉玩耍，不要跳级或下冲。参加滑冰、单轮轮滑和滚轴溜冰应佩戴头盔和护腕等安全防护装置。

older、The children to strong activity，Outdoor activities fall happened or fall down more than at home，LiLiu cypress said，Parents should education children's attention to identify danger signs，Away from dangerous environment。Education children not in the stairs push-pull play，Don't skip a grade or run down。To skating、Single wheel roller skating and roller-blading should wear helmets and wristbands such security protection device。

　　同时，李榴柏建议，那些提供儿童户外运动场地的商家也要重视，户外游乐设施要使用弹性橡胶、木板、树皮或沙子做器械和地表材料。及时清除社区公共场所的安全隐患，如加强建设工地安全巡查、覆盖孔洞、缝隙,清除突起物等,防止儿童坠落或绊倒。

At the same time，LiLiu cypress Suggestions，Those who offer children's outdoor sports business has also wants to take seriously，Outdoor recreation facilities to use elastic rubber、board、Bark or sand do equipment and surface material。Keep clear of public security hidden danger community，Such as strengthening construction site safety checks、Cover holes、aperture,Clear bumps, etc,To prevent the child fall or down。

意外伤害2：道路交通伤害 Accident harm 2：Road traffic injuries

危险指数: Risk index:

惊险一幕半大孩子马路“飙车” Breathtaking scene ½ children the road“racing”

　　暑期，不少孩子都会在小区道路上骑自行车或驾驶小型电动车玩耍。市民郑女士家有一个5岁大的男孩小峰，郑女士告诉记者，以前孩子小，骑车速度慢，自己能跟上孩子的速度保护他；现在孩子大了，骑车的速度也很快，“我就算跑也跟不上他骑车的速度。”已经出现过几次较危险的情况，让她心惊胆战。“我现在尽量让他少骑车，怕他被汽车撞上，也怕他撞了别的小孩。”

summer，Many children will be in the community road bike or driving play small electric vehicles。Citizens ester home has a 5 year old boy xiao feng，Ms zheng told reporters，A little child before，Cycling speed slow，You can keep up with the child's speed to protect him；Now he's old，Cycling speed is quick，“I even don't run the bike speed。”There have been a few times more dangerous situation，Let her fearful。“Now I try to make him less ride，Afraid of him was hit the，Also fear he hit the other kids。”

　　中国疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病控制中心副研究员汪媛表示，骑自行车是一种很好的锻炼方式，但家长应该提前告知他们必须遵守的交通规则，要求他们佩戴护具，“再热的天也要佩戴”。

China the centers for disease control and prevention of chronic non-communicable diseases control center associate researcher WangYuan said，Riding a bike is a good way to exercise，But parents should know in advance they must abide by the traffic rules，Asking them to wear guards，“The heat of the day to also want to wear”。

　　如果孩子不能理解交通规则的话，家长可以教孩子一些相关的儿歌，以便他们能记住、理解。

If the child cannot understand the traffic rules words，Parents can teach children some of the children's songs，So that they can remember、understand。

专家支招 Experts support

不同年龄配不同安全座椅 Different age with different safety seat

　　汪媛表示，道路交通伤害是我国儿童伤害的第二大死亡原因。超速、酒后驾驶、没有使用合适的约束装置、骑/乘自行车或摩托车没有佩戴头盔等，都是儿童道路交通伤害的危险因素。

WangYuan said，Road traffic injuries in children is the second leading cause of death for damage。speeding、Drunken driving、No appropriate use of constraint devices、Riding a bike or motorcycle/by not wearing helmets, etc.)，Are children of road traffic injuries risk factors。

　　有私家车的家庭，应正确安装和使用儿童安全座椅，不同年龄（月龄）要配置不同的安全座椅。安全座椅放置的最佳位置是后排两个位置中间，也可以放在副驾后面的位置上。10岁以上或身高150厘米以上儿童，应使用普通安全带。

The family have their own cars，Should correct installation and use of child safety seats，Different age（months）Want to configure the different seat。Seat the best position is placed in between two positions，You can put it in the back of the deputy position。10 years or above height 150 centimeters children，Should use normal seat belts。

降低车速很重要 Reduce the speed is very important

　　汪媛表示，道路交通伤害和其他意外情况不一样，不是受害人单方面注意就可以避免的问题，需要全社会共同努力。减速、不酒驾、不超载，都可以减少道路交通伤害的发生。“车速在30公里/小时以下发生碰撞时，步行者和骑车者的生存率能大大提高。”

WangYuan said，Road traffic injuries and other accidents situation is different，Not that it can avoid the victim unilateral，Need all the social work together。slowdown、Don't drunk driving、Don't overload，Can reduce road traffic injuries occur。“Speed of 30 km/hour in the following a collision，Indiana and the cycling can greatly enhance the survival rate。”

　　汪媛呼吁，家庭、社会以及学校要对低龄儿童开展行为养成和技能培养，如在安全道路上进行环境模拟、传授步行及骑自行车的方法和技巧等。

WangYuan called for，family、Social and school to young children in a behavior and skills development，As in road safety environmental simulation、Teach walk and ride a bicycle methods and skills, etc。

意外伤害3：溺水 Accident harm 3：drowning

危险指数: Risk index:

惊险一幕浅水区安全状况也堪忧 Breathtaking scene safety condition of shallow water also can care

　　7月14日，记者在青龙湖郊野公园举办的沙滩节上看见，带孩子前来戏水的市民很多。虽然家长基本都将孩子放在浅水区游玩，但不少家长却没有注意到，这里虽是浅水区，但水底却存在一定的安全隐患。记者下水试探了一下浅水区的水下状况，水底长满了厚厚的青苔，十分湿滑，加之石块和杂物，稍有不慎很容易跌倒在水中。很多不会游泳的小孩，在没有佩戴任何救生器械的情况下，光脚站在浅水区打水枪玩耍、嬉戏。

July 14,，Reporter in QingLongHu country park on the beach festival held saw，With the children came to the citizens of many paddle。Though parents basic will child in shallow water play，But many parents but not to notice，Here is the shallow water，But the bottom there are certain security hidden danger。The reporter tempted once in the shallow water of the underwater status，The bottom is covered with the thick lichen，Very slippery，Together with rocks and debris，Carelessly a bit is easy to fall in the water。Many can't swim child，In not wearing any life-saving equipment，Light in the shallow water cannons feet in a play、play。

　　记者在南城一小区的游泳池发现，虽然游泳池配有救生员和浅水区，但水池四周的池壁侧面十分尖锐，存在一定的危险。一些六七岁刚刚学会游泳的男孩，就站在池壁边缘，往水里跳，比试谁溅起的水花大。带女儿来游泳的市民陈女士告诉记者，自己也会允许孩子跳水游玩，但她一定会在水里看护着女儿，“不是怕水呛着她，而是怕她跳得太近，头磕在池壁边上。”

In a village in south of the reporter found swimming pool，Although the swimming pool with a lifeguard and shallow water，But around the pool of the pool wall side is very sharp，There are certain danger。Some six or seven years old was just learning to swim boy，They stood in the wall edge，Jump into the water，To see who can splash splash。Take my daughter to swim the citizens of ms. Chen told reporters，Will allow kids to play diving，But she will be in the water in foster daughter，“Is not afraid of water sputter-ing from her，But they are afraid of her jump too near，Head in the pond side wall ke。”

　　专家表示，城市的各种条件相对较好，直接发生溺水死亡的事件并不常见，但城市有城市的特点，游泳池里的一些安全措施不到位，常常会导致与水相关的其他伤害发生。

Experts say，The city of all conditions are relatively good，Drowning death occurred directly the event is not common，But the city has the characteristics of the city，Some of the security measures in the swimming pool is not in place，Often leads to other related to water damage occurred。

专家支招 Experts support

5岁以下儿童勿单独洗澡 Children under the age of five don't separate bath

　　有关专家表示，暑期在农村，水井、水渠及池塘等是发生溺水的高危场所，在城市，家中浴缸等蓄水容器是儿童溺水的高危场所。“加强对儿童的监管是预防儿童溺水的主要措施。”孩子在很少的水中就可能发生溺水，溺水不到2分钟就会使孩子死亡或大脑受损。

Experts said，Summer in the countryside，Wells、Drains and ponds are at risk of drowning happened places，In the city，The home such as water storage container is bath crock children at risk of drowning places。“To strengthen the supervision of the children is the main measures to prevent children from drowning。”Children in a few water may occur from drowning，Less than two minutes drowning will make children died or brain damage。

　　专家表示，对城市儿童而言，低龄儿童在水中或水边玩耍时，如小区喷水池，看护人应持续看管，孩子保持伸手可及的距离内，不要聊天、接听电话等。不能把正洗澡的低龄儿童（5岁以下）单独留在盆中，即使一秒钟都不行。孩子要在成人的陪同下,到有救生人员的泳池或可游泳的水域游泳，绝不能在无成人监管下游泳。此外，浴缸、水盆中使用过的水要倾倒干净；成人使用卫生间后应及时关好房门，盖好坐便器盖子。

Experts say，For children to the city，Young children play in the water or near water，Such as village fountain，Caregivers should be continued for custody，Children maintain reach in the distance，Don't chat、Answering the telephone, etc。Can't take is to take a shower of young children（Under the age of 5）Left alone in the basin，Even if a second all not line。In adult children to be accompanied by,To have the lifeguard or the waters of the swimming pool to swim，Can never without adult supervision in swimming。In addition，Bath crock、The birdbath used to dump clean water；Adults should be to use the toilet door close in time after，Cover sit implement the lid。

意外伤害4：烫伤 Accident harm 4：burns

危险指数: Risk index:

惊险一幕热粥热汤烫伤孩子 Breathtaking scene hot porridge hot soup burn child

　　已经退休的市民史阿姨家住西马金润家园，平时她主要负责看护自己两岁半的孙子。6月20日中午，史阿姨在家为孙子煮饺子，煮好后，小孙子趁史阿姨上厕所的时候，拉扯了桌子上的桌布，刚出锅的饺子扣在了孙子的上衣内，导致胸口烧伤。

Retired people living in west MaJinRun aunt history home，Usually she mainly responsible for their care 2 1/2 grandson。At noon on June 20,，Aunt history for son at home cooked dumpling，cooked，While the toilet on the aunt grandson history，Pull the table table-cloth，Just out of the pot in the dumplings buckle grandson coat inside，Cause chest burns。

　　北京朝阳医院烧伤整形科副主任医师宁淑华表示，来烧伤科就诊的患者中14是10岁以下儿童。这个时期的儿童自我保护能力很差，特别是刚学会走路的孩子，烧烫伤更易高发。

Beijing chaoyang hospital ZhengXingKe burns of doctor of vice director of NingShuHua said，To ShaoShangKe clinic of 14 is in patients with children under the age of 10。This period of children the self-protection ability is poor，Especially how toddlers，Burn more high-risk。

　　家长应注意餐桌、茶几上最好不要放热的东西。同时，不要放桌布。

Parents should pay attention to the table、Tea table had better not exothermic things。At the same time，Don't put the tablecloth。

专家支招 Experts support

烧烫后应用冷水冲洗 Burning hot cold water is rinsed application

　　暑假期间，儿童中烫伤的原因很多，其中最主要的原因是热水。如孩子不小心碰倒热水瓶、热水杯；孩子在洗澡时误入未降温的热水浴盆；刚烧好的热菜汤、热粥放在桌子上，孩子用手扒翻；小孩误碰饮水机热出水口等等。

During the summer vacation，Children in some of the reasons for burns，One major reason is the hot water。If your child accidentally touch pour hot water bottle、Hot cup；Children in a cool when not go the hot bath；Just burn good hot dish soup、Hot porridge on the table，Children with the hand over steak；The child mistakenly touch water dispenser hot outlet, and so on。

　　宁淑华表示，家长应懂得烫伤基本的早期家庭急救。发生烧烫伤后，千万不要给创面涂酱油、醋、碱、牙膏、油性药膏、紫药水、红药水等。

NingShuHua said，Parents should know the basic family early burn first aid。Happened after burn，Don't give the wound with soy sauce、vinegar、alkali、toothpaste、Oily ointment、ZiYaoShui、GongYaoShui etc。

　　其实烧烫伤的早期处理非常简单有效。首先要保持镇定，如果孩子烧烫伤后患处立即起水泡并明显感觉疼痛，立即用自来水冲洗伤处30分钟至1小时，感觉不太痛了，再把衣物慢慢脱掉，或用剪刀将衣服剪开轻轻脱掉，然后用干净的布覆盖受伤处，送往医院。如果面积大、烧烫伤深，不宜用冷水处理，须立即送往医院抢救。如果烧烫伤部位在面、头、会阴部，除用冷水紧急处理外，为防止发生休克，可给孩子口服淡盐水。(本报记者叶洲)

Actually burns early treatment is very simple and effective。First of all to keep calm，If a child burn sore blisters immediately after and clearly feeling pain，The area immediately with water 30 minutes to 1 hour，Don't feel the pain，The clothes again slowly take off，Or with scissors to cut open gently took off his clothes，Then with a clean cloth cover injured place，Taken to hospital。If the area is large、Burn deep，Should not use cold water treatment，Should immediately to the hospital。If burn parts in the face、head、perineum，In addition to the emergency treatment with cold water，To prevent the occurrence of shock，Can give children oral weak brine。(Our correspondent YeZhou)